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İ
ְֲ費ҪССҶأİСϣүүֲֻݣֳ˾̾漣ջ
һ仰飺Сֲֳֻ漣
1.ܰ硣
2.С˵С˵С˵Ĳ󣡷ƪ

ݱǩ ־  ɳ
ǣҶ  ǣ  

Ʒ
ӵССҶأɽСүүңСǶĲϲеЦݣ͵ذүүֲֻ߲ˣȻʲôʲôϹ߲˾ɳûߵľɽ⻷ƣСڲ֪£ΪСˡƪܰСӵĿ⿴С˵ƷдСӵ棬СĴӣЦдᣬܵһů



1 
ƼСũ
ߣˮ
2019117
谵ķڣССҶһŴϣǵԼǵڼİˣС۾ĿϰԵش䡣
ܼªعһСݣװɫǽҲĲӣڳһŴһŴӣ˨ڽڷۻһͷţ
ţţҶصע۾˲䷢ôţСƿӣſڱӣβѹĵϲõë˳ĴţССĴ˵һ䣺ţţðҽҶأҶҶĳأʲôְ
ţȻҲ⣬һƵ˦˦ȥţβͣȻд˵
˭˵
һ٣ţе˦βͷۻţȴţˣӴϻڴҵԼոµ˶Ь˶ЬЬմЩСĵոģ·ҲǣŪˣȻᰤġ
ʱ𣬽費ǸĸھӼ˯һǰ͵겻ϵүүס˵Ҫȥ׬ǮȻĻûǮѧ
Ӧ˰ɣҲ֪ܻܲزĻܻܲأߴ죬졭ʲôʱأ
ҶеѹЬӣŵյľǰſŷ촦龰߷ΧһССԺӣԺʯͷΧɵģͺͺģֻҪͷͿԿεպͰװ׵Ʋʣҹ϶ܿǣһʱסںĵңⶼ
үүļˣҶذͷ峺۾ӳƣ̲ס˵Ц⣬ﻹͦõģҪҲסĻǾ͸ˡ
֮˵΢΢ͷתԼߣԺӵһĸˣһˣŮˣһź̴ˣүү
˵үүҲҶҶʢүүݣȧ͹ƺܶ࣬üƿԼһֻӬˣͷҲѾףʯϣһ̴һ̾ͻشǿðΧɢȥ
Ҷصһο̣ˣŤӿҶʢȻһᵽ֣һŷ촦ϸ
ǸӣʲôҶʲôҶǰɣ˯
ţǽҶأ˯м̫·ˣϾ˯ˣ豧Źġһϵش
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Ķȥأ
Ķȥ˵֣㲻ῴɣҶҪҶ⺢ӣˣ˭Һӵһμүү˯ģҶ˦ԲŹҶ۵˯ˡ֣Һ˵ҶһߣⱲӶģǸһߵģ϶ǲҪҶˣ
ǵģҶ񶨣ûвҪûиߣסүү׬ѧǮͻģүүǽһ¡
վСţôƲֿͣһ£ģǿʼվ̫СţС־ץһţ
֨ѽһſˣżţûй˵Ͻµĸżһ±ͨһصˤڵϣˤӴһ¶һɿˤ˳
ûԼϽɿ˲ķۣͳҶʢܣ˵үүûвҪңȥˣ׬Ǯͻˣ˵ᾭҴ绰ġ
Ҷʢû˵һߵĴӴϱһСŮરવس麵̣ơ
ҶΰƳһҶأͻȻðСֶӣһҲûУԣһģǾüĿܵҶεСкÿᡣ
ҶʢǵһμԼСӣҲûʲô˵Ҷָĥˡ
ҶؿһԲĴǣоǶԼĲϲүҲϲһҲ֪ΪʲôеĴ˶ϲھүү˵ÿɰöµİ
Сֲ¶ɿ֪˵ʲôôϲ峺۾Ҷʢ
ʱ˵һ䡰֣úһɣ궼ʮˣܡ˵ˣҹߡˣҶ¶Ҳ˰ۡ
̫˵ȫ˼ǲתͷȥʱһŮѾˣԺֻүүˡ
үүરવس麵̣үүҲһֿۣ˿ɿ£۾д˲ӵģСʣүүҪҸ𣿡


2 
ҪҶظ𡪡
ҶʢҶأ̲ס뵽ԼСӣҲҶصİְҶΡ
ҶδСͳúÿִССһѧѧˣŲĵϹ죬뾡취ӼƭǮ
ƭǮʼ͵Ǯ͵СǮ͵Ǯ͵ҽҩѣɥûвμӣһ֮ŻҪǮ˵ԼкˣҪӡ󻹺Ҷܴһܣֵɽ˶֪ΧڿҶҵЦֵˣһߣôЩ궼ûл
ɽ˶Ҷε̲ĽԼҺӣҪҶҶ͹ҶʢΪҶѾˣҶ˵ԼҲǱҶƭˣ˵ҶسôҲûҶμ棬ʮֿ
ǿҶҶεϲҲҶصĻְળһ̣³̴ͭʯͷϿ£ĳ̴Ҷ̿ڴһװź̴վʱ
Ҷؿ˵үүк彡
ҶʢҶһۣû˵Ѻ̴һϵת߽ݷݷװգһЩոҶ˯ķ䣬ӵţĸǰţس
Ҷؿһֺ֮ʣүүţǳԲݵԵʲôѽǲ𣿻ɫĲ𣿻ɫĲݺɫĲֵүүţţôˣôһƲݣܳԱ𣿳Բôѽ
Ҷʢһ˰˺ܶ꣬͵ߴߴĺӣҲ̫ϰߣת߳䡣
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Ҷʢ̧ͷɫ̫ҪɽˣǸչ꣬ѩոڻҹʱڣһ̫һɽϺˡ
ʹˣ۾̫ʹһڿͲ̫컹ûڣϽȥɣ߽
ȥ࣬رĿľǷڵһع̨ͷúȼ¯ҶʢǱźܶǰϰߣÿʱȥɽɽµɨҶţ˻շķ㣬úȼ¯Ȳϵ㡣
ֻҶȴЩһֱڳһСΧųĵع̨ʣүүʲôôõģǸʲôѽ
Ҷʢе㱳û
ҶؿһԹæŵүүһ仰ҲȻ֮ЩûʣվԭؿҶʢϴ֣ҶʢժСˣϴСˡкͽдкͽҶʢӹ˳һҶʢʼ̨ǰջȻվˡ
һջһղˣĸҶҪˣھӼҵ˵ǺΣյģѷӸŵģǰѧҶʢӣѿҪĸҶƽһû⣬Сֱһ£˻һͷָſһۣ̺ˣۣ·ϰ˰ֿҶչˡ
ѧҶʢӣûǯҶͣûǯСץٴα̵ץһҶŽڣľƽȥ
ץһѣٷŽڣٴľƽȥ
ˮããһƬҶʢһϣͿ̨ǰһССС˶С˶ջ𣬻С˶Сյĺġ
ǰ̫ˣССҶضͷ϶ðˣҶʢĸҶϿҶεӰӣֲϲˡ
աҶʢߵ̨ǰ
ҶذͷһҶʢޱ飬еľ̨ǰվҶʢǰҶʢջһֱá
ҶʢʢһСҶأ캮ضģҶʢҲûȥǰԣڳİǰԣҶظųԣûгԹôóԵڵģʱ򣬾Լݷ棬һСûԱҿҪһԣһ£Ҫȥˮرϴ
Ҷʢ˵Ƕϴ
ҶػͷҶʢһۣ꣬վԱ߿Ҷʢϴ룬һֱҶʢҶʢ
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ҶʢسŻس
ҶʢˮϴϴţԱ߿š
Ҷʢʣϴϴ
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Ҷʢ߽ţܽţΪҶʢϺԼ˵ˣ˵ʣүүΪʲôţ˯һ䰡ţʺ𣿡
Ҷʢ̾Ϣһ˵˯ɡ
Ҷʢѵ޿㣬ϴƿӣӣ䶯һ壬ڽ˱˲䰲ûһţۻһֳԱС
ҶվڴߣŴͷһ绰绰죬һСŷ΢ƵСݣе䣬Ȼһ磬˴ӣһϽЬ޷Ϳӣ˯ҶʢĽűߡ
һ£ڵĵݡžһˣڰһƬԽ˴Хķܵ˺رıУ۾⣬͸΢΢ķ϶֦ڶһ㣬Եöˡ
ԼҲ䣬裬Ȼ辭æµÿһ˶ڼھӼң裬ھʶƴһͯ飬˵衱һʡ
衣
ˣںڰһԲضŵ绰ķضŵ绰绰ԱߵҶʢҲû˯š
ЩȻϴҶһŴռ˵ģͷǮˣûǮˣӹĻƽ⼸ԼֵʲôģԼԼܵײı͸õϰȥҲָʲô
Ͼˣ˷
ǳˣҲҪԼļͥ⣬ֻû뵽һֻ̤ײײҶСһôأ
ˣ˼ˣԴҶһ֮ԡϡ仰Ͳˡ
ʱæµĺ˺ӣܾԼĺӲôԼãϾԼæµҲΪ˸ӸõĽ͸õӳҲġ
û뵽û뵽ԼͦʧܵģҲҶصˣҪϴҶ߰ɣĶС

Ҷʢص̾ϢһһţʱһСĿԼˣû⣬۾ʼ˯⣬Ƭ֮һ΢Ŀèһ
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ҶʢϢϸڴţķۻ֮⣬˿ǸСӵĿ޵ĸģϸϿķڵķڣذĿԼĽűߣȷ˿ǽű߷ġ


3 
Ҷء
ҶʢҶء
űѣҶûҶʢ
Ҷء
ҶصĿͻȻֹͣ
ҶءҶʢֺ
šﴫһŨŨı
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ˣǲˣ
ûпޡҶؼᶨطϡ
ӺɷѪᣬ֪ˣ̫ˣСĨһᣬҲԼˣҽץűԼҶʢˣſڴĬĬᣬûһ˯ˡ
ȵʱѴůԴ϶ӳ䣬۾үүѾڷˣţҲˡ
Ͻҵһ˫ӣظԼϺ·СЬӣ߳ͿԺ˨ŵĴţȴûүү
үүȥĶˣ
һ鶼ûҵүүȥæˣܸүүңǾԱߵʯϣСţţ󰡣ϻĴ̫ˣۺؿţСʹţ˵ţţҸȡֺòãԺͽдƣҽҶأʽΪѣòã
ţԾɵͷգⲻҶغ˵˵źȻԺ⴫һŲ
үү
վܵԺſڣҶʢź̴һײ˽ˣҶʢܳӣҶظϽǰ˵үүҰࡣ
ҶʢҶء
Ҷؿ϶಻̧־ͱסر˵үү߰ɡ
ҶʢҶء
ҶضҶʢ̽Ŀ⣬ЩҶʢȻ뵽СϺƵҶءĺӣ˵߰ɡ
õҶʢĹҶرģî㾢رײˣҶʢҶʢѰײ˷ŵؽ֮󣬱㿪ʼҶس緹緹֮ҶʢӲݷǽҪȡװʯϣź̴ʼ
ҶضԱ߿ţʣүүʲôѽ
Ҷʢ
ҶؿҶʢҲ˵ˣؿһſСУȻҶʢһϽվҶʢСҶʢĺ󱳣ڰҶʢ˳
Ҷʢ΢΢һӹů⣬ֿʼ
ҶرҶʢĺ󱳱˵үүˣ˵к彡ġ㿴Եģỵ́үү˵ǾͿԽˣһɿԣүүˡ
ҶشӿڴɿݸҶʢ
Ҷʢʣɿ
ҶҡͷǣҰүү޹үүɿررóԣүүŸˡ
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ţͣˣﶼǺڵģҷŵүүңҸүү˰죬үүرãǶҺá
Ѷ㲻ã
áҶеʧ˵ѻңҡر𻵣ܴңѲ磬ң˵ϲңҲϲ衣
ҶǱҶƭģΥ˵˼ҶأԼ˲ϲǣҶʢ̾ϢһҶСɿ˵үүԣ԰ɡ
㻹𣿡Ҷʡ
ˡ
Ҷذɿװ¶Ȱɿţ´ˣ͸ԣͲˡ
ҶʢһЦֽ̹ﳯʯͷϿ£ĵ̲㽫̴ųͷС߳Ժӡ
ҶСȾ׷ȥʣүүȥĶ
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ҶдžϲʵԱֵĸһģһҶʢ䲻ȵģûзźܿϲõܡ
СӣôأһӣҶʢͷСҶأ⺢ӺҶβ̫һȻУȴãǿǲ֪᲻ְ쵰
үү
ҶʢԿҶء
Ҷ׵·ߣﱧһֻɫС̹ӦǸӵ·ߵģ۾ûǶˣһҶرתҶػ
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Ҷ룬˵Ժٳһ룬һ͸ԡ
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ҶرС̹Ҷʢߡ
Ҷʢɻڼ䣬ҶذС̹ŵԱߣҶʢɻɵرȵֱ֮С̹Ҷʢߡ
·ϣҶظС̹ȡ˸֣дڣΪţдƣƿүүԺڳˣҲүү
ҶʢʣҶأүү𣿡
ҶرŴ˵á
үүô㣬𣿡
áҶصͷ
ΪʲôҶʢʡ
ΪүүûдңүүҷԣȥɽұŴڣүүãϲүү
ӵ򵥰򵥵ôԲλࡣ
֣
ǰһҶʢ̧ͷȥҶΰ
ҶΰȿһҶʢҶأȻſҶʢʣ֣ʲôȥˣ
Ҷʢ߽Ժӣѳͷǽߣ˵ȥˣôˣ
ҶΰŽ˵Ҷص¶
ҶʢһҶأҶԼ˵Ҷأȥţһɡ
ҶصͷƵ߽ţվڴߣŻ˯ĴڣزүүҪˣߣСӣ˵ġ
볤һ³ʮ꣬ͿԼˡߣһɽһֱԶᶯҲûܹкܶ໨ľţͲ±磬磬ºҹˡ
ͷţѴڽرڻ¶ͳǿɿֿʱûһֹͣţķˣҶʢҶΰͬʱ
Ҷʢ˵ҶأϵǱߵˣѼȥòã
ҶһԲߵҶʢǰѴڵݸҶʢһ˵үүڸ㡣
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Ҷ˵үү˵رģдүү¥ˤˣǹˣүү˵һ˾Ӧġ
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ʱҶΰ߹һѽҶرһֻҶصȻʣ֣Щɣ
Ҷʢĵصͷ
ã֪ˣˡ
ҶΰҶؾͳţԺӡ
ҶʢŴڣ˳ҶΰСҶأСҶһֱͷҲһ̲סһҶذ
ҶԻͷ峺۾ͨͨСƲƲһҪ޵ӣǿסûޣִ˵һүүټ


4 
ټ
ҶʢҶΰҶأһֱۿԼֱʧԶҶʢջĿ⣬ŴڣصԺ
СԺʮһ㰲ԺڵĴţǽǣż˦һβֻͣĸһֻԺҶʢŴţʱţűϹһ˫СӣҶϴģʪš
ˣһ˫Ӷѡ
ҶʢûٹעŴڽ˷䣬ѴڷŵֽͻȻеƣڴϣ֪ôľҶأҶسÿװ۵ģֶֹֿʣݿһģ۾ﶼǹ⣬۵ĺܡ
ҶʢǸº͵ˣ˭ãرǶСӣҶĲãֱǻ͸ˣϣҶԼҪߣҶطǵ˵Ҫߣ˵үүã˵ϲүү
ϲүү
ͷӻʮ꣬һα˵ϲɺԵǱһȪһʱлˣֻȪѾ뿪ˡ᲻ðҶذ
ʮǰҶǮڻڻűϢҶذҶظѰɣٲӡ
һ룬ָҶ۵Ļر𻵣ܴңѲ磬ң˵ϲңҲϲ衣
Ǳ˶ϲҶصġ
Ҷʢеסˣַؽº̴Ͻû˵㣬ڣſĿƳͷһС㶣һɿ
ɿ
Ҷһֱװ¶ɿ϶ģǹģ̵ġ
Ϊк彡
ͷӲΡΡվ߳䣬ԺһͷţֻԶľɽȥήֳҶһжӣͷһݣͻȻȼ̴ǽһģһ𣬻ϡ
Ժӣͼس·ߣпκ˵Ӽˣ·ʣҶôʲô
ҶʢҲسǰߣС
֪ʱʱãҲ⣬˵Ҷôˣô죬Сˤˡ
ǰӣ㰡
㰡
ʲô¶ôѽ

ɽھӷ׷˵ţҶʢˣҲشһɶǰܣԼǻͷ˲ŻҶأŻҶߡ
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ҶֻǸĺӣҲѡΪʲôҪе˵
ҲҶصҶεҶʢĹʱæµûйעҶΣԲҶһٱ仵
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Ҷʢͨһ㣬ѰҶصĸˣ֪ҶΰܰҶ͵Ϊ˿һ㣬һȶɹɳӡ
ɳǾɽһ˹ӣԴɳӸǷ֮ˣɳã˶д򹤣ָɲسɳӾֻǾɽһӡ
ɳҶҲԶҶʢȴЩܲˣֻŴżСܣɴ·תС·С·֣һҲͣΨ׷Ҷˡ
ϣڳС֣ããһӱվӰһ߸ߵģһССģҶΰҶأڵȴ
Ҷأ
Ҷʢûд˵ؾͺһҶأ
Ǿ̫ԶҶûҶʢֻٳǰСţۿŴֻҪˣҶʢԶˣֻî㾢˴
Ҷأ
վںӵҶأֱֱؿƽĺ棬żӹӵˮҲעŶܺõүүƯľɽŻû۾Ĵڣ̲סͷһۣҶΰ˵ˡ
һԲسӱߣȻ˺Լ֣Ͻͷû˳ֵ֣תͷ
ҶΰߵСǰҶΰҪԱһŤ˵ҲҪ㱧Լϡ
УԼϡҶΰҶûʲô֮ģ̧ԼȿССϵĵۿҶϴҲûҪ֡
Ҷرߵֻǰ֪ԼȥȰӽŴ̧СžҪϴʱͻȻһ
Ҷأ
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Ҷͷһϲүү̴󺰣үү
СţŴؾҪҶʢȥһ㱻ҶΰסС
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ΰҶҶʢϢźˣΰˣΰҶأ
Ҷһˣүүˣ
Ҷΰһȴˣ֪֪ͷģŴһ𲻹᲻СˣСӣҶԺô죿ƾʲôҶôǮҪռˣ
ҶΰûҶʢĺҶؾͺʹ˵ˣɡ
ҶظϽ˵ܿܿ
ҪСӵġ
ܿܿҪүүҶţſңҪȥүү
ǸˣСӵģֻҶǲĺӣ˵һ䡰ˡСϵСš⡱ĻеСζ
ۿϾ뿪үүˣҶؼˣſҶΰĸ첲ϣݺҧһ£Ҷΰ۵֡
ŴֻζҶСһһ´ڵβ˲ŴֻڻζֱĲȣһƨұߵʪϣܲˣһµŢǰ˵غүү
ҶʢʱҲܹˡ
ҶȥһѱסҶʢȻͷʣүүղ˵𣿡
ҶʢŴ˵ԣˡ
첻ˣ㻹𣿡
Ҳߡ
أ
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𣿡
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Ҷظ˵ЦЦĺÿˡ
Ҷʢصһü΢΢չˡ
ʱ򴬼ҵĴֻ˸ͷҲͣ˰ߣҶΰһõҶص߹˵֣ʲô
ΰҶʢ֣ص˵룬ǲҶˣ⺢ӱϾҶ͵ѼҲ̫ʣ˵ѻҪͦ׵ġ
ԣҪ
ţš
ҶٴΰͷҶʢһۣȻߵҶΰߣһѽԼϽܻصҶʢվţͬҶʢһҶΰ
ҶΰͲģͻȻֱҶضȼŭѹ˰ûгȥҶһ٣ŻҶʢ˵֣Ҫʲô
ҶʢҶصĵͷʲôˣʲôǿɽţͼġ
Ļ򵥣Ҷΰüͷ˵ں͹ȥһʲôطҪǮȥһڷˣ·ѧЩҪǮģ·˵ˣѵԺѧ𣿡
Ҷʢȵ˵ҹѧ
㹩ѧҶΰЦһ˵֣ʮ꣬˵䲻ģǸһֻ̤ײˣôӣꣿҪˣҶߣǶɡ
Ҷΰ־ҪҶء
ҶظϽҶʢ߶㣬Ҷʢ̽Ҷػ˵ΰҺ˵Ҷ⺢ˣ˭Ҳܲˣ
Ҷΰ£ʵû뵽һֱº͵ͷôǿӲ
лҪ˵ǱůɳĹΪֲӻ꡷źдģղһ¹
ôôա


5 
ҶҲˣÿСҶʢůڵģĬĬسҶʢ˿оԺӱ߹ķůġ
ҶʢںҶΰš
ҶΰĲУһʱֲ֪ô
ҶʢָסҶصĺף˵Ҷأߣؼҡ
Ҷصصͷ
үתߡ
Ҷΰ֣
Ҷʢͷ
ҶΰˣҲ˵Լﻰ֣ҶصĻָҸϣ
ԣҶʢЦЦ˵ΰϴȥ㣬Ϊ˴齫ңҶ֪ھȥģҾ룬ϵĶˣҾͽԺ˭ָ
Ҷΰɫ˲ѿ
ҶǸ쵰СӣҶΰǸ˽ģҶʢڶˣϰ磬̫æûʱǡ
ҶҲˣҶΰһӵӹþˣҶʢûдҶΰ鷳Ҷء룬ڵøı˼·ܶһһܹ꣬ʵػҶʮꡣ
Ҷؿ쵽ˣʮһ꣬ʮһҶؾʮˣʱʮһ꣬վɽ˵ƽ˵Ӧûʲô⡣
ҶʢƻЩʱҶͷ˼ʲô⣬Ȼͨһ£С˵үү
ҶʢͷҶء
Ҷ˵ԺҸϣ
ҶʢЦˣüˣϵȴˣҲһµ̹Ȼ˵á
Ҷ˵Ҵ㿴
Ҷʢ˵á
ˣҸ
á
үүھͻ
ھͻ
š
ʲô
ݷ档
ˡ
үүһ绰ֻ
𣿡
š

үҶΣ˵߳ǰߣһ߽˸ոյС֣ȵʱүﶼЩ֦֮⣬ҶʢҶص
Ҷرſ֦Ҷʢȶ̣ٶȷɿ죬ȫ˵ʣүүǼ֦ʲôѽ
Ҷʢش𣺡ջ𡣡
Ҷ뵽үүҵĵع˵ջ𣿾Ǹ𣿡
⺢ӻǴҶʢЦ˵ǰǲжеع
үүΪʲôõ¯أ
¯ѵ簡
Ҷؽһ䣺ҪǮġ
ҶʢЦӦԡ
үүҲûǮ𣿡
һ㡣
һ㰡Ҷһʧ̶ͨ˵үү£ٳһ㣬Ҿ׬Ǯˣ׬Ǯ㡣
ҶʢǺЦˡ
ҶʢûЦˣһЦþɽ·ϵʮֺ棬׷ҶʢѯոҶʢ̫ż׷ҶˣûЩˣ˿̰˵˵Լո̫ˣûüкҽСҶء
СӣôСӣһ˴յҶʢߣСʣǺΰĺӰɣ
ҶʢϽ˵ǲǣɱ˵ΰˡ
˱ҶأС˵ѲǼģ
Ϲ£Ǻεġ
Ҷʢ˵Ҷصݡ
·ϵϵЦݽ̣Ŀⲻ䵽ҶϣĴҶѰ˼ҶεӣͻȻ뵽ҶβƭҶҵǮҶʢǵǮҪҶʢĬĬػǮǣ衱Ҳˡƭ
ǵжӹ˲ϲתЦͬҶʢѣҶʢеݡ
Ҷزǵ仯ȻԵɣ֪Ǻүһϲ΢΢ͷգ۾ƺ֡ϲҲƺڵԼ֮һֱͷ
ҶʢƳҶһۣҶصĺס
Ҷ̰ͷҶʢҶʢƵ¶밲ȫУҶʢһЦүү
ţߣǻؼȥ
á
Ҷʢ·˸ǰߡ
Ҷرſ֦
Ҷȶ̣߲죬Ҷʢһ㣬үţҶʢʱָŵ·ԵķҶؽܡ
ҶأǳС
үү֪ģġ
ԣꡣ
үүǸʲôģ
ݡ塢˿ӺͼһЩ߰ġ
Ŷ𣿡
Ҫʲô
ѽιѽҶﻹ·߼񵽵С̹ʣүүڻ𣿡
ҶʢЦǺǵ˵ڣڼҵأιͷι׺ˣ̫ˡ
Ҷظ˵شӦУι׺ҪʡǮ
ҶʢתͷҶأҶһϲϲӣûĿӰ죬ͦõģͦõģڱ˵ϲţϲԼԼãٿ˰ɣҶظ߸˵ػؼңҶ˵һ緹¶
Ҷظ˻ˣżÿ֦˵үү߿㡣
Ҷʢ˵ע£ˤˡ
ã㡣
ע㡣
ү˿ĵعո䣬һۿԼԺӣҲԺӵʯǰһˣǸŻɫ޷Ӳߣ΢֣ȥʮӣһݵس̣ƳҶʢϽˣվҶϸ磬ڻˣ
Ҷʢ˵˳ӣ˰
˳ӴЦһ¡
ҶʢƿԺ˵䡣
˳һ
Ҷʢ˳Ժӣհѻ֦ŽҪ˳ӵˮ˳ӸϽ˵Ҷϸ磬𣬱æ¶㡣
Ҷʢ˵Ǯ¶ɡ
˳ӵͷ
ȥáҶʢɴ˵
˳Ӳ˼ؽ˵ʵҲôģⲻǸչ𣿼ǮˣҴϾͿѧˣýѧѣԲҾ͹ˡ
Ҷʢ˵֪
Ҷϸ硣˳˵Ҳû취Һϱûµˡ
ס
Ҷʢ˵ţţӴһľӣ򿪺󣬴ﻻһͲϸһ־ɵģչһǮҶʢָմһĭǮǮĹ˳ڷʣǸСӻûл
ûС
Ҫ˵ҵͲǮˡ
趼ˣ˵ˣǰ¶˵ˡ
ҶʢǮ飬ִ¶ͳʮǮһ𣬽߳䣬һ˳ӣ˵һ㣬һ㹻
˹ˡ˳Ӹû뵽ǷôõǮܹҪ͵˽ˣҲΪҶʢƷΣֻǲΪҶʢ˸УǮ˵ǰӦµǮ컹˰ɣ
ţˡ
ͺˣﶼծ
ǰҶʢҲ̾Ϣһ
˳æת˵ӽԺǾˣ˰
Ҷʢ˵ţˡ
ҾͲˣȻؼˡ
߰
˲ˣææˣˡ
˳Ǯ첽ˡ
Ҷʢǰ˳Ժſڣֱ˳ת䲻ˣɵһֻһծתԺߣһ̨ͷԺбŴڵҶء
ҶؿʣүүûǮ˰ɣ
ҶʢûлشҶء
ҶšСüͷ˵ҿǮˡ
۵ȴ˵˴˵ӣҶʢ̲סЦˣ˵Ǯûˣ׬ǲǣ


6 
Ҷͷһ£һ¾ˣСüͷ˲չͷ˵ǣû׬׬㣡
ԡҶʢЦ˵߰ɣȥ
үүҲڳԣòã㿴ˡ
ҶʢҶػһڱ۾ҶССָͷǶˡ
Ҷʢ緹֮ǰȽϵϡһȣŨ׺н£ŵߣ̻ʵسˡ
Ҷضڴߣ˵˵үү㿴ڳˡ
Ҷʢڰǰ弦顣
Ҷ˵үүô۰
Ҷʢ˵ģһҲ۾
۾ܿ𣿡
ܡ
Ҳܿүүˡ
ԡ
Ǹ˵ĺӣҶʢͷҶһۣʼղˣǮ¶ǰԼһ˹ӣǮ٣ƵǮҲûʲô
ڶһҶأһжһˣ¶ˣҶصеһ·ҲûдЬӰҲ֪ҶôġöЩ㣬Թ緹֮ιţι˼Ҫȥߡ
Ҷ׷ʣүүȥĶ
Ҷʢ˵ҳȥߡ
Һһȥߡ
Ҷʢ˵߰ɡ
ϴڡ
Ҷʢ˵ڣڻСûۣôġ
Ҷ̵ͷãڡ
ҶذѴڷŵֽ·űүүһ뿪СԺӣҲ֪үүȥǸүүߣ߹·߹С·߹֣һȦү˾ɽ
Ҷָһ˵үүүүĵض
Ҷʢ˳Ҷصָʣô֪ģ
ˡ
ԡû뵽СС˶Ȼǵ¶
үүǽ컹𣿡ҶسҶʢ￴ûͷ˵㶼ûдߡ
ţ첻ߣҲˣ͵
ɽ𣿡
š
үүһûпɽɽء
үүȥ
ۡҶؿļˡ
ҶʢҶصֳɽߣɽǸСɽɽϳȻ֮⣬˹ֵʯӵȣ⻹һЩ㶹ũ֪ʻǵƵԭɽϵũƷɽµ졢óԡ
ʮǰɽǾɽģ˶Ҫأڹ֮׬飬õ֮ҲˣᾭõķչȥСĶֵǿ
һɽ˶ӿУɽҲûˣͷһ֣ͷֵҶʢһЩϣͷ껹ȥһ£ҲɾɽķϣɽСҲʲô߲
ֻҶʢžɽʱ֦Ҷȥջ߲ʲôģȻֽҪǲûǮȥˡ
ЩҶʢһֱô뾰ɽദţԾɽŲһĸ飬ΪɽȻʳ⣬ΪɽҶص̡
ʱ룬Ҷ̻ţһжһˣûС
Ҷϰķǰ
ҶغؿǰĹɫƽһСӣʣ
Ҷʢͷ
ȥˣ
š
Ҷس˼һ£̧С˵ȥ˾ȥˡ
ҶʢͰЦˣ˵ԣ㻹ͦġ
ţүү˵ϴˡ
Ҷʢ΢΢Цһ£Сӿ
ҶҲŶСӿԡûκθȻԼ˵ġáҲ֪ʲô˼Ǹõĵطɣֻ˵ѧѣܵүүĲһҲ˸ȾƵģмء
ʱүү˵߰ɡ
ҶʣĶ
ɽ
ҶظҶʢɽߣʱǿɽɽɽ¶ŨŨ˳ʯ·ߣͷԿԱ߳ǶСҰͷɽ죬Ư
Ҷظ˼ˣСָ˵үү졣
ţˡ
үүС
š
үүﻹϡ
š
ҶСȣɿɽܣ˼ˣǸմųһ㣬ĺ޲òϳɽŽš
Ҷʢں溰Ҷأ㣬ˤˡ
Ҷǰ˵֪ģүүϡ
Ҷʢںš
Ҷɽɽ۵С˵ģŴرˣһվɽϣһжʵģָɽµķ˵үү㿴Ǳߺö෿ӣүүҸоܵˡ
ҶʢЦ˵ۼĶ
ҶصʶȵҶʢɽ֮Ҷʢ˵㿴үү㿴ǶǼҡ
ҶʢԶһۣ˵ҵˡ
ţҿţˣүү㿴
үү
үүΪʲô
ҶʢЦ˵үүʹˣ۾ˣСˣվֻܿķӣţġ
үүϻۡ
ԡ
ôϻ۾үүֽǴϻ۾ġ
ҶʢˣתͷҶأͻȻҶ⺢治һԽԽóһҲҶΣüûҶǹӇNɪСһ񡭡ϰ
ԣϰ
һҶʢǿģ֮˵ߣүү㿴үүֵĶ
Ҷظ˵ʣĶߣ
ߡ
ãߡ
Ҷ̧ܡ
Ҷʢһ䡰Сġû˵Ҷءžһˤڵϣˤġһ
ҶʢһϽҶء
ҶˤһɣС˫ŵأתڵϣȿֻС֣ȻֻСִ˴꣬һϥǡ
Ҷʢ̹ʣҶأû¶ɡ
ţûע⣬һ¶ˤȦˡҶЦ˵һ㶼ۣҲûƤ

жҡ
Ҷ֣ű߿ȥƽĵϣðһ̵ֺĶʣүү㿴ˤʲô
Ҷʢһۣ˵񡣡
ʲô
Եɣӡ
ӳ𣿡
ǣүүֵģ֣ߣүүȥȥ
ҶʢͻȻ뵽ԼֹӣʹˣʲôʱֵĶǵõģҶصС֣ɽߣһۿһƬɫµ֣øľһٳ
Ҷ˵ۣôһ
ҶʢЦǺǵʣɣҶʢһַյĽ
šҶָһƬ˵үүﶼ𣿡
С
ܶ𣿡ҶصǺܶࡣ
ţӦкܶࡣ
Գ𣿡
˻ؼϴһϴͿԳԡ
Բô죿ҶšСüͷŵϵ˵̫˰
ҶʢЦʣ˵ô죿
Բ꣬emmmҶһ˵үүԲ꣬ڳȥɣ׬Ǯۣ
ȥ
׬Ǯ
Ҷʢ˼תͷҶء
Ҷ۾ڴҶʢ
лҪ˵ҶءүүСдڡĸʹţӦòʲôƷģܰ磬ôůůضɹ
֪ϲϲing


7 
Ҷʢʮ꣬ϸ߰ʮ˼Ӱ죬һΪͶȡɵΪȻڲôΪˣǡлûһϯ֮أܻãֻ߽Ӹֹ׬Ǯûаѡ¶ȥ
Ҷ⺢һѣÿһԡ
ҶʣүүЩǿǮǲǣ
Ҷʢش𣺡ǡ
ȥɡ
Ȱڳ
ôأ
ؼùߡ
ߡ
үɽһ߻ؼңͷŲӣһ𳯾ɽߣҶظ˵ĺܣûܵС־Ϳʼ
үүиðͷġ
ãڡ
ҶʢͲӷŵһԣųͷߵҶظǰҶԱվһվһһ񲻻ͨ߰˸
ҶʢٵһΪֹٻԱߵҶʢòӿʼԱȻְóݸҶأҶظ˵ĽӹһͳӣͶ׵ҶʢҶʢڣڵģСüͷҧһҶʢʹӡ
˺һҶؿŵˣ˵үүڣڡЪЪ
Ҷʢʣڣ
ԡҶ˵˵һ¾ͻˡ
ҶʢѧúӶ£ѲӵݸҶ˵Уԣ˵ˡ
á
ҶؽӹӶŽµؾһٴһ󣬾òӲ˳֣ѲһӣСһ
ҶʢϽֹҶأôѲӶˣ
Ҷתͷ˵Ӳãֿ졣
ô죿ȥڣ񡣡
Ǻðɡ
Ҷ׵ҶʢԱߣ¶ҪֵʱϽ˵񡣡
С־ȥ٣һ˶ŻʱЦĿļˣүүˣ
ŵȥ
á
Ǽ򵥵ĻеðˣðҲһʺʳõģԳ֮⣬ҪѰңҪѡ
ǣҶʢҶү˻һҶָŽ˵үүһһ
Ҷʢͷˡ
Ϊʲô
װˡ
Ҷؿȷʵװˡ
Ҷʢ˵֪̫ܲ꣬˻ỵġ
Ҷ߹˵Ǻðɣˡ
ţؼҰɡ
ؼҡ
ҶʢųͷǲӺͼ󲿷ֵһСֵҶرţΪ˸үү
үһǰһɽʱϦѾӽƽߡ
Ҷؿ˵үүҪѽ
Ҷʢ˽Ųţ̫һɽͺˡ
ڻȥ𣿡
ȥˣ˼Ҷؼˣȥ
᲻ỵ
ᣬԷ졣
ǻؼҲ𣿡
ţԺóԲó
϶óԡҶؼᶨΪ
ҶʢЦˣصѾˣҶʢ񣬰ϴƬ𷭳طʲôرϣŵ˻ζ˴Ρ
Ҷزͣ̿ˮ
ȵԵʱҶȸԾ˵үүúó԰
Ҷʢһ£嵭ȷʵóԣͷĶˣҶʢʣһźҶһţǣţѼϵ֣үϴ֮ѡ
Ҷ˯ҶʢĽűߣΪҶʢҶأ첻һˣҶʢҶһˣҶغԼ˯һ𣬵ȹʱˣٰһСʰҶԼ˯
ҶȻүү˯ԼùͳǦʡӡʵƤҶʢ˵ģϹ׶԰ģûǮϲѧˣҶ˵ȵξ·ݿѧһ꼶ˡ
ҶʢҶأʣһ꼶
Ҷصͷš
׶԰û꣬һ꼶ܸ𣿡
ܰһдöֵġҶ˵˵׶԰Ǵģһ氡
УȾ·ݿѧһ꼶
š
ҶʢҶصĵ鱾Ҷص֪û·ų˸ҶЬ֮⣬ҪЩ촩·С
үүҶֺһ
ҶʢҶء
ҶذǦʲôװС˵һ꼶ʱͻˡ
Ҷʢû˵
Ҷ뵽Ҷΰ˵Ļգһ۾ʣүү˵𣿡
Ҷʢһ£˵δ¶үү֪
費Ҫ𣿡
Ҷʢʣ˵Ҷأ϶ġ
Ϊʲô
ҪȻ㲻ôÿʰ
ΪʲôҪأ
ΪװҶʢҶصͷ˵رĲףԹסҪŽ㣬һŮ˼Һģܹú׬ǮúˣԺҪ㣬ҲˣȻĻõġ
Ҷſˡ
Ҷʢ˵˯ɣүүȥ񡣡
Ҷ̽һ䣺үүҲȥһ񡣡
ˣ͵
ġ
У˯ɡ
á
Ҷһ̱꣬۾
ҶʢҲˣֽĵݸϨ𣬷֮УԵΧⰲҶʢû˯ţţ˼һ췢飬ҶأҶأٵԼڱͶһСӣǰġ
ѪԵԭҶƺûʲôҾദһˡ
ϸ룬иͦõģٲţ飬ҲʵôɰĺӣߴߴģͷҲлˡ
ǵģöЩܻľһ㣬չҶһ㣬ҲҪҶʮ갡
Ҷʢôţһô緸ˣûһʱҶȴû˯е裬ˣ趼绰еѹ
үү߿˿ŵүүһЩЩ̲ζŴţۻűȶȣһжͦʵģ･ûôѹƤҲԽԽأ۾ȥ
֪ǵڼιҶصĶУҶٿתͷһûˡ
үүҶغһ
Ҷʢ̴̽ͷˣ
ҶظϽʣүүȥ𣿡
ûС
Ҹһȥ
á
ҶʢϾɽУر磬ȳɽܲܰСʱ˰˼ģι˴ţֻĸһֻʹڣȻ𣬴Ҷسгߡ
Ҷصİӻûг꣬һһһһڣСģӹĵСС׷ҶʢҶʢͷһæͣ²ӣȵҶһڣżӿ첽ӳгȥ
Ψȥˡ
ү˽ɽĲгһۿַǷľͷܶߺȲϡ
үһ´ˡ


8 
ҶʶһڵȥԶĵط׶԰ûнôˣʱôˣͻȻ˶δ֪ãȻ
ҶʢһֱԸгҲǹ˿ݣԡ֡һϰΪ̬ȣǣβһˡ
ģݵĻͷӲΥĽţһʱ֪һôʶصͷһҶء
ҶذСʣүүȥĶ
ûԹ⣬Ҷʢ֪ܰг涼̯λѣǲС˷ģҿ˿г׻վСԱߣǵǰҪôǷҪôǸŴ裬ӵģˡ⡢㣬Ҳġ
Ҷʢ濴˿ڽҵһλҶغС˷Ŷڵϣ̫ҶҶʢ²˷ˣƳһҶʢĶǺԼģҲͶˡ
иñĿʣϴүʲô
Ҷʢ˵񡣡
Ҷر𽾰ؼһ䣺үүԼֵ񡣡
Ҷʢԣе
ñĿʣô
Ҷʢ˵ôǾô
ӦòС
ΪʲôҶرҶʢȷʡ
ñ˵Ϊ߰˿һϴĸɸɾģǵģ಻á
Ҷʢһ䣺ǵʰ
Ҷظظǵѽϸڵģ
ñ˵ǵÿģͿģʲôֵš
Ҷʢմˡ
ҶҲˡ
үҲû٣ԼҺóԵǳţҲûäĿţ˴ñĻ񵹳ȥÿһ㣬С˷һ·ߵȹ˿ѯʣһд
гϵ˵Ƕ࣬ߵȴ֮٣ö˶ǵģүͶ·߶˽Сʱ
ҶʢüͷһﵣŶȥɵ׬ǮôҶء
Ҷʱȶˣվһߣһ飬ֶ񣬿үүͳ˺̴־̲ݳ̹
Ͻֹүү̣Եġ
ҶʢЦǺǵ˵ģүүǰΪеð̾Ͳˣ㿴Ҷûп԰ɣ
Ҷʢ̸Ҷؿ
үүĲˣҶػǽһ䣺үүк彡ý̡
ҶӿɰˣҶʢֻ˵ҽҽ䣬аɣһһһڣȻܵģ˵в
ǡаɡҶΪѵشӦ
ҶʢݺһڣѺ̴ҶأҶ̴һʯͷ̹ʯͷϿ£̲ྵתͷʱ򣬲ײˣȥһȺ˶ææһȥ
ҶתͷŽȥϧСӰٵҲʲô˵СϺС˷ߺ
һԼĸ̳СϺСϺˣˣҪһѽһѽʮǮǼҲˣ
Ҷź̴ţ·˵ϺӺ𾢶ҲȥõĻҲ㡣
Ҷ󣬸·ȺС˵ȺƨɣȻӲȺϺӡˮװϺ
̧ͷϺӣϺһϺһߺţϽȺ˳ź̴ܻҶʢĸǰ˵үүүүǲôģ
Ҷʢʣô
Ҷ˵ǵߺȣǵôߺȣ
ôߺȣ
㿴ҶָԶϺ˵Ͱ˶ߺǱȥˣҲߺȰ
Ҷʢ˿ϺӣҲ֪Ҫߺȣ˵ʵôˣûڴ֮ͥߺȹǼȻ׬ǮͲܹǰ·񣬵ߺȣߺȣȻЩġ
ҶʢʱͻȻһһ£үүֵĴִֺóรǸǸ
Ǹʲôţ
Ҷһ˽ӦôߺˣͣϺ￴һۣСϸϺߺʲôֽźǸǸ񣬱ˣˣѽѽ

ҶصΪҶʢ־ϲο־úЦǲò˵۶صߺһߺУԵʮֶء
Ҷʢ档
ҶʢԱߵС˷Ҳȡ
ôñ࿴
·˷׷ײĿ漫ˡ
ӴǸиС񡣡
ۣ񡣡
ѽǸúúÿС۾ѽ𣿡
ߺʲô
ء
񰡣أȥ
ȥ

ԭʽĽ䣬˲ӿһ·ˣҶظ˼ˣתͷ˵үүˡ
ҶʢϽվקק°ڣԵЩִٵкţλͬ־Ҫ𣿶ԼֵģҪһ
һŲɫ廨µŮʣôģ
Ҷػش𣺡̣߰˿Ǯһ
ҶصĻδʾζһľ鲻ԽŮЦʣһ߿黹ǰ˿أ
ǡǡǣҶ˵˵ͼɡ
ŮһЦˡ
һ·˶Цˡ
ҶʢϽӹ˵飬Ǯһ
Ů˺ʣôһˣ
Ҷʢ˼˵ڳأһ
Ů˵أǲ֪óԲóԡ
óԵģҶ֪Թˡ
ǸڵģŮһʡ
ڵġ
ǻʵģɡ
á
ҶʢϽóһ⣬ѵæҵģؽŵϣһҶʢʮëǮڲ
ЩҶʢճƷʱռģԶʹã˿ÿԸװ
ݸŮװҶʢӹʮһǮҸŮëǮǮŮ˾Լִʣ׬ˣëǮͲҪˣҪߡ
ҶʢϽ˵Ǯ
ҪˡŮˡ
ҶʢëǮݸҶأ˵ȥ͸
ҶǮ׷ˣ˵̣ëǮ
Ů˼СҶСģÿˣĶˣ˵Ҫˣǳ԰ɡ
Ҷ˵ҲҪ
Ϊʲô
үүҸġ
ҶذëǮŮˡ
ŮЦ˽ӹ˵үүá
ţүүãҼҲã´λม
ŮЦ˵ã´λ򡣡
ҶغŮ˻ӻ֣תҶʢǰܣܵҶʢǰһˣһ۾ʣүүǵˣ
лҪ˵˵٣һֱӸ
һֱӸѵӦһֱðݹ


9 
ҶؼǵԼȥǮʱģôһܻͿء
ҶʢЦ˵ţˣ
Ҷؾȣôô죿
ҶʢЦ˵ߺȵ¡
Ҷʢ䣬ǰѯ񣬿ϧһʣЩʧ뿪ǰʾ
ҶԴߴҶʢɽҶʢĵҶؽ͡ɽгô󣬳ǷڣȻ˸ϵֻС
һгϾûʲôˣɽҲȥοҪһʱ䡣
ҶƶǶʣһг𣿡
Ҷʢͷˣ
Ҳ
УȻؼҡ
ҶʢҶصС֣ү߳С˷飬ɰѴñС˷Ľˣû뵽һһСôб£ͰѴˡ
ҲҶʢ󲻵ģղŻʽ񣬾Ҷһߺȣһˡ
һĵ¶
Ҷʢʮ꣬ʮңƽһ̶ˮľԼյ㣬ʲô鶼û壬ҲıˣǽͻȻҵһ
ʵҲǳԵһС˷һо綼ոˣûʶԼǱõҶӰţֻҶãתͷҶʱҶĳһط
Ҷʢ˳ҶصĿ⿴ȥһűǺ«ĵ綯һҶػĿתضš
ҶʢҶء
ҶתͷҶʢүү
ҶʢʣǺ«ˣ
Ҷ̵ͷͻȻҡͷƺ˵ѲãȻ˵Ǻ«ˡ
ղǺ«ʱôүү
ΪүүûǮһǮ
ҶʢĹĹĵĿڴүүǮˡ
Ҷգ۾ʣүүж٣
֪ҶʢɷµѹС˵ǻؼһȥжǮ
Ҷ͵ͷ
Ҷظ˵Ҷʢ֣ү˲൱سߣھ˵ҶʢǮűˣҶʢǺЦźҶػصҡ
һңҶȳ俴ûУԾɱ۾ĴڣҲûʧŪЩˮں֮󣬱Ҷʢ׵ԺǮ
ոҶߺȼɤ֮·˷׷ӿһͰҶʢˣҶʢһμ֡桱æҵģӵǮڴûʱһץһҵСǮӲ˳
ѽһֵһҶظϽ׷ĸӲܣ񵽺󣬷ŵҶʢǰĵϣǮһ
ֵʮģģһģëģһëģͰ͵ضһСѣҶػǵһμôǮ˵˵ۣöǮ
ҶʢЦʣɡ
Ҷصͷ࣡
׬ġ


үΧһСǮֽ˳Ӳ룬ҶʢֽңҶӲҡ
ҶʢʣʶǮ𣿡
Ҷ˵ʶģʶСǮʮʮ飬飬һ飬һëҲʶһëǮëǮһһëǮ
ԣɡ
áҶصͷӲҷ࣬һĺһһëĺëһһëĺһëһȻ
үһϼƣܹһپʮëǮȥҶʢԭеʮëǮ͵˵׬һʮĿëǮ
Ҷʢ˵׬һʮĿëǮ
һٿǮҶ˵Ǻܶ࣬Ҷؾ̾һۣöడүүǺ
ԣǺ
Ժ׬ࡣ
û
ҶʢĿĲҶأȻֻһٶǮܴԺĳɹҲܽµľֱĿʼ˶лˣǮװͬʱһ٣룬óһǮҶ˵㻨ǮԼš
Լţ
ԡ
Ҳ𣿡
㲻棬ʲô
Ҷ΢΢ͷСֿһǮӲң˵롢롢Ǻ«ԡ
ԭǺ«ҶʢЦˣ˵ȴţһǮǺ«ģүүǺ«󴮵ģˮͼġ
ղŵгʱҶʢͿǺ«ģСӶΧȥŸҶҲ򴮳Գԣû뵽ûһ˾ˣǿ˼ӳԵ֣ˮģžͱȱĺÿ
Ҷһ۷⣬Ͻʣүү˵𣿡
үүƭ㡣
ǿȥɡ
ڻȥȳԸ緹ȥȻҲ̫ʡ
Уȥ
ãʰʰѼʰĸɾˣסҲġ
ãʰʰҶظҶʢĻ
ҶʢԼһ˵ʱʲô͡պϣǸˣҶؾͲһˣٵˣɨ㿪ʼɨҲҶһɨ
ҶذѴڴֽﱧ̫֮󣬱Ҷʢһʰ
ҶʢСԺʵ˵ҲС࣬һЩﶼʰʰŵ᷿ͲݷԺ̿տֽ࣬ʰĵӻŵţѵŪһСĴ󴲲š
ʰһУˣҶʢҲˣҶزۣԼŵϣóֽʷŵͷȻ󳶳ӱ˼ˣԺĴˡ
ԼĴˣҸүүţĶýĵŴ̿ȥ緹԰ͷ֮ү̫ɹ̫
ʱҶʢĥʯĥĥͷҶڼҴţȥһٻʱһСֳˡ
Ҷǰʣүүֳ
ġ
ֳʲô
ȥ񡣡
Ҷ뵽ǾͿԶڵˡ
ҶʢЦˣҶ⺢ǴһͨıҶǿ̫ˣֳΪ˶ڵ񣬼СԲгˡ
Ҷʢ˵Ҷʮ۵ذԤõĳͷӺ׶Žֳĳ˵ˣүүҪ𣿡
һ£ҰŶˣţͼιһ顣
ǡүүܴŴһȥ𣿡

Ҷ˵ţ۾ǺڵģǸẦµģŴ
˵ǺӣҶʢЦãȻʹӦˣҶظϽܽѴڴֽͬӱ
ȰѼһжʰ׵֮Ҷ˵Ҷأ׼ϳ߰ɡ
үүϳƵö𣿡
ܵģүүġ
Һصġ
үүعصĴˡ
дڡ
Žȥ
ҶذѻĴڳֽһţȻȰֽӷŵ棬Լųأ̧СȣҶʢСſϣ䶯һ£ڳϣֽӶҶʢ˵˵ˣүү߰ɡ
ˡҶʢֳҪСԺӣСԺſվһСкСкźʵһɫãҶʢھ˵үүûǮˣҶʮǮ


10 
СкǱˣҶʢĴӣҲҶΰĶҶ岩Ҷ岩꣬ھɽСѧһ꼶ѧϰɼҲۣ⺢رҪǮҪǮԵģҪǮģǲѧϰƷ
ǻѧϰƷΪҪǮҶʢԡûǮΪɣҶ岩ˣҶʢֳͷҶãһţֳʻҶصһֳ漫ˣŴתͷӭŷ磬ŵĴģ紵
۵ġȻĲ
Ҷʢ죬ûһ͵˾ɽ£ǰֳҶںţүءӴӴذֳͣСֲԶλá
ˡҶС˵ͣˡ
УùߣѴڱ
á
ҶʢŹȥС֡
ҶرֽӸں棬СֺҶذֽӷ£ֽбߣװ۵СŴںСԴ˵ڣúõشҪ£ҺүүԱ񣬵ںˣʹؼңม
Դ˹ҶصС֡
ҶؿЦƬ̵ĴڣŰѴڷŵֽתܵҶʢǰҶʢһ
Ļۣү˶ľ飬ҶʢҪҡڡΣҶظһһ˵ֳϡ
ү˴ʵľɽСæµţүү΢΢ڵأֳ䱼ܣһʱʱԴֽ̽УֱĽŲŻֽ
һһСӺһֻСڹС˾ְһֱֳװǲͣˡ
ѽװˡСҶؿĵһ
Ҷʢֳͷȡ±±˰뱭ǵİ׿ˮҶ˵ȵˮ
ҶСֲźСϵĺ˵үүȺȡ
Ҷʢ˵û¶Ⱥȡ
үүȺȡҶؼ֡
ãүүȺȡ
Ҷʢٵغ뱭ǣָҶصһǣҶҲûл˵ɫٱٿվ˵үү߰ɡ
Ҷʢ˵ߡ
үСؽֳƵɽµƽأҶʢֳϣûвȳӣȴʼˣͷһҶơ
ҶʢʣҶأ㲻ϣ
Ҷػش𣺡үүҲװ̫ˣﲻģҰţ߰ɡ
㲻𣿡
Ҳ۵ģүү߰ɣ춼Ҫˣ
˵ʵһټһҶأȷʵҶʢֻýҶص⣬˳ӡ
Ҷںš
ʱͿˣҶʢϽҶذȥջƽʱҶȸһߴߴ˵ͣǴ˿ôû¶أ
ҶʢǰһҶſС˯ˣССֶģСèһҲ˵Ŀɰ
˯ˣһ̫ˣҶʢһᣬ۾ҲŷᣬطøС̺ӸҶظϣŷҶ䲻֪ʲôʱˡ
һ˯ǰٸһɣҶʢҶظǺ̺ӺԼȵ˶֮ŰҶغ
ҶԺģϴŵļζ˲侫ˣҶʢһ극ʰ֮ڱ޷ѵҶʢһ졣
Ҷʢҳͬɫϸߣϻڵ£һһߵظҶط䡣
Ҷغүү
ҶʢרעӦһţ
үүá
𣿡
ǰҳô󣬶û˶ôù
㲻𣿡
ã辭ڼңһˡ
ҶʢɬɬģҶصСԴ˵ԺүүȥĶ㣬òã
Ҷصصͷ
˯ɣ񣬸˫Ьӣòã
á
˯ɡ
š
ҶعԹԵɽ۾ŷůŴţķۻûһͽУգװ׵ƲʣƲɽ֣Ǳصڶڲ꣬үүּæµţ׬˺öǮ
öǮۣ

һ󹷷ҶؽѣҶ۾ڴȥͿ˴ں۾һ¾ˣ󺰣ڣ
ߴһС״ҲУֻǸоΧϢһˡ
Ҷֺڡ
ڣ
ڡ

Ҷһ´Ӵھͳܣغţүүүү㿴۾ˡ
ҶʢͷһҶػų£˵һ䣺ȥ·СĶˡ
ҶֱŴڣѸܻط·Ҷʢ˵۾ˣү˶ŴڿãȻҶ˵үүڳÿ
ţÿȫ¶Ǻڵģ̿һ
̿Ҳÿ
ţˣڼҿңȥȥ
ҶذѴڷ£Ҷʢһι˼ιţҶʢǰֳҶںֳ
ľ飬ү˽ر磬г⻹ûôˣǸñѾˣ϶Ҷʢû뵽ҶءˣҲ⣬Ҷʢк
Ӵүӣ簡
磬磬硣Ҷʢ˵
ô񰡡
ǰû
Ŀ϶Ҳ
㼪ԣϣҶʢЦǺǵػһ䣬תͷҶء
ҶгˣӶûгԣװž͹˿ֳ̿سţҶʢڿԼһڰ£СĨһͣʣүүҪߺ𣿡
ҶسСɤӾҪҶʢæֹ˵Ⱥȵˮҭˡ
Ҷźȵˮ
ȵгϽҶʢҶغĶҶѾˣվֳǰߺȣһ£үүֵĴִֺóԵĴ񣬻Ĵ񣬿򰡣
ǻĴ񡪡һԵĲ˷Ц·ҲЦպŮҲˡ
ŮһҶؾЦˡ
ҶҲŮˣرغ̣
Ů۾һ¾Цˡ
̣컹𣿡
򣡡Ůն˵
𣿡
ˡ
ó𣿡
óԣرóԡ
佱ˣҶؿˣǰŮ˵°˵һģүү˵ִ۵ģ㿴òÿ
Ů˿򳵶ִʵ񣬶ҶأҶеڴЦˣûдСһ˼˵ÿ
컹Ҫ𣿡
򰡡Ů˵гΪȷʵСҶ˵ҵرóԵġ
Ȼ˵˽Ҷص񣬵Ҷ֪ǽģٴڴŮˣʣүүֵүүɽֵģرóԣǸǸ㻹𣿡
ҶضСָ
Ů˿һЦ


11 
Ů˼ຢӣһЩܺ⣬һЩɰģƤģģɵģûĸǰСشԼģԼ
ܾˣο⺢ȷʵҵĺóԣͷ˵򡣡
Ҷһˣʣ򼸸
ġ
á
Ҷرģĵ˵һ㣬ͱһ㡣
Ů˿ҶشѵС֣Ķˡ
ҶػȻֻ֪ŸŮ˸õķŮȷʵõⶼҶصĹͣ˸Ǯ⣬ְҶߺţĴʻɱҶصġḻˣʲôζɿڵģȡϵйİ
ûһֳǰΧ˲ˣҶҪҶغҶʢһæȵеĲʱҶʢʣµҪ͸Ůˡ
Ů˵ʲôҪ
лҪ㣬ǵ񲻻ôġ
ǼҵóԡŮ˿Ҷ˵С޺ÿ
ҶسŮЦЦ
Ҷʢ˵ǳģûؼҳ԰ɡ
˲ˣˣٶԲ˾˷ˡŮ˰ٰƴǣ˳Ҷʢ˱ˡ
һˡ
Ҷʢġ
ҶظģС˼ֻԾˣ۾ԶǺ«е㵨еڴػͷҶʢغүү
ҶʢӿڴͳǮ˵ȥɣǺ«ȥ
һһԡ
á
ҶǮȥǺ«˴ˮģϴһˣ᲻óԣֻ߬ųҶʢߣҪߵҶʢǰʱҶʢʹñĶԻ
ñ˵ԼСӣ
Ҷʢ˵ǰ
費Ǯ𣿡
Ժˡ
ⲻװ
ǰס
ӹŮ¡
ҲԼļҰһܶ׬㡣

Ҷʢʹñ˵֮˵ˣʼʰ׼ؼңҶ߬һǺ«ֿȻܻȥǺ«˵壬ҲҪôһˣһСģҡһëǮ
˰ɣ˲ܻġǺ«˵
ûһû򡣡
ðɣ㻻һ
ҶСŵǺ«߸˵ػ˵үүǺ«
Ҷʢһۣ˵󴮵ôСˣ
󴮳Բ꣬Сá
ҶʢЦˡ
ҶذǺ«ٵҶʢߣ˵үүһ£ر𡣡
Թˣ
ûС
ô֪ر𣿡
Լµģ
£
ҶʢȻʮˣڻҧһɽ˵Ҷس԰ɡ
Ҷ̵س
ҶʢڻûǮ֪׬඼ֹ磬ŴأյеȣתͷҶأҶضͷҲϸܵĺ飬ƣҶػЬ
컹Ь϶ȵġ
Ҷء
ҶתǺ«
ߣЬȥ
ҶصͷµЬ˵Ьӡ
Ьڴ̫ˣ˫µġ
µĺùġ趼᲻øġ
ûϵǮ
ǣǮ׬Ҷ˵һģȴ
ҶʢЦ˵׬ߣЬȥ
ҶضЬҲڴģеĺһµﶼżĺ桢ȳϲүүҪԼſģͷϳҶʢһɽСн֡
֮ԽСн֣ΪнֻмԶȸСȫ·ĶУֵġ
Ҷؾϲ֣ĵڳǺ«ŵ·Ե̯λµģѧϰƷģߵģ෱࣬Ҷض˲ϳǺ«ˣ۾ؿΧһУһֱֳͣһҶͯЬǰ
ӳĿСЬӣ̾ѡ
ҶأϲʲôЬӣҶʢֳͣԱߡ
Ҷؿš
ӭӡ
ҶʢҶؽȥ
ҿʼҶʢҶһ˫رÿĴ˶ЬɫģЬ׶״ȥһֻɱı㣬Ͽ϶ʣҶϲڵҺҶʢʱĵƳһۻ֡323Ԫ
һٵľͺù󰡣үүֿԱתͷ̯λϰڵЬӣһ˫ɫķСЬӣԱдǡʮһ˫˵үүҪ˫˫׵ģÿ
Ҷʢ͵ԱͬʱҶء
ҶѾɫЬ˵Ҫ˫
ԱҶأҶʢ˵Сڳ壬ӵȻҪõİһ˫СӵЬӣٶҲȵȣҶؼҪʮһ˫ġ
ĩˣԱҲ˵ЬӰװһµݸҶʢ
ҶʢҶء
Ҷرڻ߳Ьʱ򣬿һСкֱֱؿҶϳСкүүҪǮûҪҶ岩
Ҷ岩վҶΰҶΰһ֡
Ҷ岩һүү
Ҷʢšһ˵岩ѧˡ
Ҷ岩˵ţүүʲôأ
ҶʢҲûţ˵Ҷ˫Ьӡ
Ҳһ˫ɡ
Ҷʢüë΢㲻Ь𣿡
Ҷ岩˵˵
򡣡
Ҷ岩ЩݺݵҶһۡ
ҶرЬ´Ҷ岩Ҷ岩ҵӣźɫСٶͣǿҶʱȴǼÿ
Ҷش󣬱㲻Ҷ岩
Ҷ岩ҪЬӱ㿴Ҷΰ
ҶΰҶʢ˵֣˵񣿡
ҶʢҶطϳ˵š
ɽ񣿡
š
ôˣɽܣһҪ
Ͱȫ𣿡

ģ˵ģҲң¶ˣҲǼҵġ
Ҷʢֳ˵Ҷˡ
Ҷ˵ţˡ
Ǿˡ
ҶʢûҶΰӶˣֳ뿪˲н֣صҺҶشЬӣյǰʣڣҵЬӺ𣿴ڣ㿴

ҶʢһһЦһҪţҶؿ󣬸ϽʣүүȥĶ
ȥ½Ƕֳ
Ҳȥ
߰ɡ
ҶֳҶʢСת˸䣬һɾСԺǰͣСԺӵԺŴţҶʢֳֽԺӣ𣿸ֳˡ
ԺĴ󻨹вͣﴫһº͵Ůеϣ˭
ҶʢЦ˵Ұΰ֡
ӴҶϸ簡һϸˣϵΧȹ˳˰
Ҷʢеġ½̡ˣҶʢӳﱧ͸½̫̫˵㻹ֳˡ
ֳͻֳŪЩʲô˼
͸԰
ôôడ
Լֵġ

ȥҶȴոеĴ󻨹ˣ󻨹ӣȥÿˣҶضŴ󻨹Ŵ󻨹Լе㺦µسǴ󻨹Χţûҧ˼ļˣ̲ס󻨹
ʱͻȻһҵĹ
Ҷһѭȥһ뿪ĴǰվһСкСкװͰ͵صߡ
лҪ˵СкҵĹ
Ҷأ
Скҡ
Ҷأ
⣺Ϲ23333
Ҷأ


12 
СкҶʢ½̫̫ע⣬½̫̫˵һ䣺½ţ㲻˵ҪúõؿӣϹʲô㿴㶼ŵܵˡ
½šߡһ˭Ҳת뿪ӡ
⺢ӡ½̫̫ǸؿҶʢ˵Ҷϸ磬ЦˣҴӣ½ţϲˡ
ҶʢСˣʣ⺢ӣǸմӳǸ
½̫̫ͷͬС˵ʵҲǸһʱˣǲ̫ȺҲϲţǻûм
ǲǡĻҶʢû˵
ԡ½̽ǻ̾ϢһҲ֪˵ʲôÿվߵССҶأҶģ鶯һĺÿ̾ʣѽҶϸ磬СҶأǲǣ
ǵİҶʢЦҶصԴ˵Ҷأ½̴кղŹ˵أ⺢ӣ½̡
Ҷ˵½á
½̫̫Ц˵ããúá갡
Ҷػش𣺡࣬쵽ˡ
½̫̫ҶصСԴ˵ǱҼСһ㣬Ҽոչӣѧ𣿡
ûСҶػش𣺡Ҿ·ݿѧͿСѧһ꼶ˡ
Ҽž·Ҳѧͷһϣòã
Ҷؿ½̫̫½̫̫Ǹº͵̫̫˵ͰҲǸɾζȥҲϲ̫̫Сصصͷرӡ
Ӵ⺢ԣÿ½̫̫˵سҶʢ˵Ҷϸ磬Сֶֿ£۰
Ҷʢ˵һ䣺ҴҲ
ҼҴӲУҼҴƢ̫½̫̫½ƵģС˵ĺأҲ֪ģＸˣ˶ϲԼҲȥ棬ÿ춼ôҲܹ衭
½̫̫Ǽҳˣû˵ȥҶʢҲ¸˾Ųʮ޷ǾǼҳΣ˺ӣ̾Ϣһת˵Ļ⣬˵˵ž˵ˡ
½̫̫һҶأʣҶϸ磬⺢𣿡
Ҷʢ˵аˣһֱܰ
ҶʢȻݣʵһԿڴʳȻʮˣҲӲʣ½̫̫תʣֵǮ𣿡
Ҷʢ˵ˣҲûжˡ
Ǿͺãˣгô
ᵽҶʢеЦ⣬˵ͦġ
Ժ񣿡
ܼͼİ취
㻹б𣿡
еͱǮر١Ҷʢ˵ûеĺá
½̫̫ͷҶϸ㶼һˣҲס
ûʲôġҶʢô˵ţҲЩ

ţҶվԱţ˾С˵ĻҲûбܻţףţͦϲ˵ģΪ˱ȺӶĶ࣬ѧö֪ʶ
һɵתͷոյĴӣǸ½ŵڷĿתؿŵӣһÿĲ½ŵ˵㣬ǳúÿôԭոôˡ
Ҷء
ҶתҶʢ
Ҷʢ˵ˣǻؼҰɡ
Ҷغ½̫̫˵һټҶʢԼߣ߳½ԺӣҶ˸ոүү½̵ĶԻȻʣүүǼ𣿡
Ҷʢͷش𣺡ûС
Ϊʲôֳȥأ
ΪǱ˼ҵֳҲҪãܵҡ
ҶصͷʾͬƬ̺ʣԺʲôװ񰡣
Ҷʢ˵Ȼⵣ
Ҷ룬СԴѹεⵣĶӦ֪ⵣһľþߣͷϵ¿ϵܶණȻϵģ׺ž˵үүҰ
ҶʢֺǺǵ˵У
ţԺһүүסҶظžһũҶʢﳣõġ
Ҷʢʣ㻹׻ͺ
Ҷطʣүү㲻𣿡
ҶʢȻˣôסȵЩǿİ˵ҶѾ˵үүǿ԰϶񻨡ӻһǮһپٿǮһǧǧǮǧǧҾͲˡ
۵ģ
ǡǡǸʲôأҶز֪仰ôһʡ
˵ʵҶʢѾ뷨һֱ飬ֲʲʵȵ֮࣬Ҷôһ˵һһ
ȻôҲͲںȥԼ֮ˡ
ԣԼףⱲҲˣǾȥջһ㣬Ҫ⣬ҪҪСӴ´ࡣ
ôһ룬ҶʢȻʣоǰ˱ͷҶ˵Сӣ˵öԣǰɽ϶
ҲǺ«
ҶʢһºǺЦ
ҶʢЦˣҶҲЦˣϲүүЦˣүүЦÿһƶǷɢĹâرůůı
ҶʢЦ˵㣬ˤˡ
Ҷ˵Ҳˤš
ž͡žߴһˤڵϣˤҶذӴһҶʢϽȥҶͬʱ͡һЦӦȥ½̼Ҷ¥վһСкǸղŵ½š
½ųðװ׵ģ۾ģȥرÿҶؼõкӣ룺㳤úÿķϣҾԭˣƽϡ
ҶҶʢˡ
½šߡһ¥ȥˡ
Ҷػͷٿʱ½ˣ˵үү½Ÿո͵ǡ
ҶʢŻͷһۣʲôûп뵽Ҷ½ŵۣ½⺢رŹ֣Ҷ岩Ҫ꼸ٱɵñ˵һ䣺Ժ½ˣԶ֪𣿡
Ϊʲô
Ƣá
ƢþҪԶ𣿡
ţ㣬򲻹Ҷʢ½ûгɼֻҶسԿѡ
Ҷزˣ½װͰ͵ӣҲȷʵദԶȽϺá
ҶʢҶصԴ˵ҲҪģŵġ
ҶЦŵͷ½Ҳ֮ԺˣɾʮغҶʢؼң·үũ¶
Ҷʣүүƻ𣿡
Ҷʢ˵ܰ
ھɽ֡
û⣬ɽϳĶȱĵطóԡһ㣬ɽũڶ̡
֣ϲƻ
ţǿʼӡ
ӾˡҶҶʢ֣˵ţԺܳƻˣƻرóԡ
ү˵ţ̧ͷһҶ岩ſԺӵϣԺ￴ʲôƵġ
ҶɻҶ岩ôˣ
Ҷʢһ岩ڸʲô


13 
Ҷ岩취Ժӣһȣŵٿվֱ壬ҶغҶʢʱһ顣
ڸʲôҶʢ̰ʡ
Ҷ岩Ͱ͵˵ҡڿڲڼң
Ҷʢأʲô¶˵ɡ
ûû¶ҾͿ㡣
Ҷ岩Ƥ˵꣬һ̶ˡ
Ҷʢһ䡰ѧáҶߵԺſڣҶزʣүү岩ڸʲôѽ
Ҷʢ˵үү߶
ʲôѽҶػûнܹҶ岩ϰԾΪеСӡ
Ҷʢ˵ʲôʲô
Ҷߵ˵̫ûòˣ
ҶʢģҶӣûʲôˣŸ˵ԣҶԺѧ
ѧ
ҶʢҶؽԺӣһԺҶʢʹӷֽͱʣԺʯϿʼддҶʢĻˮƽߣǸΪϵСѧ꼶дֻǻģֻʹˣһЩˡ
үүдʲôҶرŴǰʡ
дƻҶʢ˵
Ҷ̽Դƻʲô
ƻЩϹ߲ˡ
ҶЦˣ˵үүҪũ𣿡
ũҶʢԾؿҶء
ǰСũҶ§ҶĴڣ˵֪ũǰھӼQQũQQũֺöϹ߲ˣ˾ͿǮ
Ҷʢ֪QũʲôҶصĻȷʵСũ
ҲũͰͷָǵɽǵضϹϹ߲ˣ˵һļǮ׬ҪһеĳеĻڶҶأˣûǮ׬ˡ
ҶʢԽԽÿУ±ʶ
Ҷʶĺޣ˿ָֽϵ֣ʣүүʲôְ
Ҷʢ˵ѡ
أ

үүʶ֡
ʲô֣

ԣͽ
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š
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Ҷͷʣүүôд˰
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Ҷ㶣˵Ҳ֪
ү۵СۣҶһ˵үүдģƴ棬SHUSHUдд
ҶʢͲƴˡ
ҶذѴڳһţҶʢ˵һдүүддɡ
Удд
һνļƻϣŤŤĺ֣ŤŤƴԲԲȦȦĵͼǰѼƻдˡ
˼ƻ飬ִˣүȥʱ򣬾͵ɽ¿һµΣŻ޸һ¡ԲԲȦȦ
ڶһ磬ҶʢűⵣǰţҶΪ˼үүĸСںţɰˣ֮ǰҶҶ黳ľɽھǣҶӣҶ᲻
ҶضЩһ֪үүΪ˰۾Ĵڹע˷ѺЩʱ䣬ٲܿ㣬гϾͳٵˡ
ܵСͨ죬ڵгг̯λѾռˣûпŵλˡ
Ҷʢһ㶣û뵽ӵġ
ҶСҲˡ
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ҶظĴ˿ûλãżʱ򣬴ñĿҶأֺСҶأ
ҶظϽܹȥñ壡
ñ˵үүأ
үүλá
ߣŲն
ǡǣñллˡ

ҶҶʢñʼΪ˸лñԼһλãҶҲñߺߺ꣬ȺпһСк
½ţ
Ҷؽؼ½ţ½ųÿǵԣӦ˵Сӣ½Ŵرɾ࣬Դ߹ƣɲǸС
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ٴ̧ͷʱ½ŲˣһүүһȥгЩӲ֮ģ׼絽ɽȥ֣˳ЩСƿ޹ɽԡ
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½Сӽ˰
ǰӲ̴ġ
˵СƢֵĺܡ
ǰһԲϾͷƢˤˣϴβǰǸĶӣԴҳѪˡ
ôûأ½⺢ӳǸ
Ǹ

ҶͦģΪҲô˵ΪְֲãԴҾΪҲãְְ֣ô򵥵ĵһСӶôأ
˽½ţ⼸ڱ˵˻ģǲõˣĬĬ⼸˵ĳסԺǣ
Ͳ
ҶشС˼Ҷʢһؼң緹֮ŴڣҶʢһ𵽾ɽȥ׼ֺӣһɽҶؾȰѴڸ£ŴǴ̫СˣȻ۾ˣֶۣ̣ܲ
Ҷֻôһ棬Ҷʢɽϳأһɽ´һ
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ҶʢӦһӳʲôѽӳǾɽƬİԱרܸˡ
춫
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Ҷʢһﰵ̾һá̶˳ͷҪȥףСȻԼСӣϽתͷ˵˵Ҷذүүһүүȥףϸʹڣ׷ԡ
Ҷصĵʣүүܰᶯ𣿡
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ҶأҲ̫˰ɡ
ҶѭΧȥûˣֽԱߣһүү޹һ㣬ιһ㣬ʣµľ᲻óˣ޹ȵүүԺ󣬺үүһȡ
ôţɽ´Сӵ˵ҶѭȥȻͿΪ׵Ҷ岩
Ҷ岩ҲҶˡ
Ҷ岩ҶظܵˣʶذֽӱڻҶ岩ܿûүү뵽үүȥˣģ߹˵Ҷأ˭Ǿɽģôô˼
ҶشҶ岩
ҶʱҶ岩ҶŵķװĳԵģʣŵʲôóԵģ
Ҷز
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Ҷز
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лҪ˵ӵھ ʮ£дһ飬ûд䶯ǰһЩ鷢˳΢ʵؿôôա
ÿοӶûţܾԼĲãһ½ڷĥһ³н⣬ǲϲԼдȥд⼸ˣëĲˣo(st)o


14 
ҶҶ岩Ҷ岩ߣ֣ףҶ岩С߬˷۵Сر˵Һүү׬Ǯģġģܸ㣬ý
Ÿ㽲Ҷ岩ŭˣһ飬

У
䣬Ҷ岩Ҷء
Ҷؼ״Сֱֽ߬ܣСȶ̣ͱҶ岩ץס˺յĲӣյܣתһִֻҶ岩֣űֽӼܡ
һαҶ岩סһеֽӡžڵϣڸˤԲԲڵϹȦҶ岩УŵҶ岩Сǲǰ
Ҷ岩¹ȸһţһȥ
ڡߴһſڵϡ
ڣҶش󺰡
ڡءһҲ֪ôҶҶ岩һѣҶ岩Ƶһվ֮ٴҶأҶŤһ
ҶǴ򲻹Ҷ岩ģҶ岩ڵϹȦ֮󣬺мԵҶ岩ָͷҶ岩ֻ໽ţҶ岩СĿɿڴû뵽ԹԵССҶأôǿ
ǿʲôæҶ岩ԼҶռˣ̺Сǣ㣬ˣ㣡
СԾѣ׷ǰҶغҶ岩ֿҶغݺסҶ岩˶һѽҶе޹ĵؿҶһۣ˵˵󻹲ҵ𣿡
Ҷؼ˵Һүүġ
ҳԡ
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˭쵰Ȳֻ쵰Ҷ岩תͺС˵֪𣿾һر쵰
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ƭŮˣ
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ģ
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һһ仰ҶضУ˵ƭˣ˵ֻ쵰˵ɵ˵쵰ģģСӴ𣺡ǲŶģ
ͻȻӵȥſҶ岩첲ϾҧҧҶ岩໽У˸ϽҶسҶؼˣ·غҴţǣվСӰֱСӸƷ
ţýҶ岩Ҷ岩Сʱɽ䴫һĹ
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Ҷ岩һ㶡
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СҲؿ½š
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˵ûְ֣費ɵ˵ԼҲС쵰޵Ҷʢ۾ˣҶصСԴ˵˺ˣˣˣүү岩ȥ
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15 
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16 
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17 
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Ҷְѻǹƻչʾ½̫̫


18 
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ģŶҳõģǿԵѵġҶؼᶨ˵
ҪǺ㣬㲻£
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Ҷڴ峺Ŀ⣬½̫̫һ½ȻǷƢҲǷƢû֢״תͷ᷿˵ţСҶˡ
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Ҷߵ½Ÿǰ˵Ÿ磬㿴Ҹ˺óԵġ
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ҶСһ˵Ÿ磬㿴ǣرóԡ
½Žǿţȴû˵
ҶؽܣǣúóԵġ

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ðҶ˵ҿءģҿħʯ͡ҡúÿƬ˶Լ˵ҡ
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Ҷ˵꣬½žңŵһӰ洫ľйˣҶ˲ˣ˵½Աߣ½ű־룬һ𿴵ӰһֱһӰˣҶؼض½˵˵ءеĲ е岿е 
½һûҶصӣͷңѸҳصĲ Ҫʱ½̫̫߽˵ŰСҶأǶһСʱĵˣˣȻҪˣһɡ 
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ҶǸ˻ĺӣ˵ǺðɣǾͲˡ
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Ҷվ˵Ÿ磬ǳȥɡ
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šҶصͷȻ½˵Ÿ磬һؼˣ棬ҪʱĻȥѽÿ춼ɽүүȥֲ˵ġ
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ҶʢӹҶػ֦Ҷؽ˵һ̣ұˣһˣ·
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ǸСкúÿ
С濡
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ӴǲҶϸҵСҶÿ

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ҶʢҶвס˵Ҷأȥɽ°ôлүүɡ
ҶظɴشӦã
ҪԶˣ˾ͻ
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ں׷
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Сڣô¶һͲˣôô̫ˣ㿴ŸҵĴ󻨣ܵıȷŸ绹죡㻹ұţ
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ҶһүүӣҶʢЦˣ˵˵Ķԣһû¶ġ
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ãúá
绰֮Ҷʢ΢΢һ˯ʱҶغԼ˯һѣҶزүүһϵеǸʲôڴϿʣүүôҺ˯һѽ
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ڶҶػǻģҶʢĵشҶȥˣر죬үʱھǻڳ緹
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19 
Ҷغ½ദأÿصĴ󲿷ʱ䶼ڿӰһ˵ܻʮ䣬ǳϰ½ŵƵģ˿½Žתһԣʮ߹ĵ˵Ÿ磬˰
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СҶСҶء½̫̫״ϽסҶ˵СҶأæԣϳ˺ö࣬Ǽϡûкꡣ
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Ҷػͷ˵ҵ׬Ǯ
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Ҷ˿ûв˵Ĳͬ˵Ÿ磬һ氡Ҵȥѡ
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20 
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ſڵϣͰ͵ؿҶأҡСβͣҶ߹ʱɪɪоҶԴ۾ҶػﹰͷҶصС֡
Ҷģ̲סЦŴڵĺԴ˵´βҪҽร֪𣿡

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Ϊʲô
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½תͷһҶصݹһǡ
Ҷ˵ǳԡ
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Ժ׬ǮˣҲǳԣҲԡ

׬ǮˣҵȽѧѡ

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Ÿ磬ԺѧҪ״Ԫġ

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½ʮĵţҶ㵸ػʱʱŵ㣬ʱЦ֪ɽϴ˰Сʱʱɽ´Ҷʢĺ
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лҪ˵дˣ
رףΪСݽˣo(st)o
ʲôͱ༭һ£ĲVҲˣVһ֣һҪ
Ҷغ͡ӻ꡷ȣȻ̣˲ص㲻һģͬ㶼ܰģԼԼing
󣬴첻һҪรǣ


21 
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ҶظϽԼ©£żأѽ, , ҵȥ׬ǮأǸϽɽɣ
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үүҶشɽϾͿʼӦ
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үүҶɫСһ, ɱҶʢߣźɫëëƵĴ, СܵĿɿˡ
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½̫̫Ц߹Ϊ½Ųͷϸϸĺ, ʣɽˣ
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Ҷϸ磬ǾȻȥˡ½үӿ˵
Ҷʢ˵߰߰ɣæҲȥ
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Ļġ
½үרſҶأЦݺͰ˵СҶأˡ
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డ
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á
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ľˣľˣ߰ɣȥС֡
ҶʢҶŹ߾ͳСߣС񾭹ϴһȺ˵ڣѾʣ಻࣬ҶʢҶҲûڶã˰֮󣬱㵽ɽµĿյһˡ
̫еʱҶʢҶزǣŶӴĴţƵػؼңү˺緹˼棬سԷһ˯ݵ
ݵûнͷĵ绰ˣҶʢˣҶҲˣ۾Ҷʢڽӵ绰͵һȵҶʢϵ绰ʣүүĵ绰𣿡
Ҷʢ΢΢һ㶣ʵ˵ǣùôġ
Ҷ΢΢ͷ˵绰ģүүܶˣһ绰Ҳûд
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ʵҶʢ˵ҲֻСˣСҶȷʵˣ̧СҶʢ˵үү˵Ķԣʱ˾ͻҴ绰ˣǸүүùô绰ʲô
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ҶʢЬӣվ˵ˣߣǳȥһȣ˵һùţ̾͵ˡ
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ڡ
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ˡ
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УھͺһƿҶʢӷ£²𿪣Ǵ̣ͳһƿҶأҶزŽӹԺ⴫һүүҲҪ
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Ҷʢˣһƿȣ
ƿ
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ҿԺƿ
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ţҶ岩˵Ҷʢһ䣬һƿţ̣תͷˡ
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Ҷ̧ͷҶʢյ˵֪ڣǾͲˣ淳ˡ
СüСӣҶʢһӾͺˣЦ˵û¶͸һƿ滹кöء
Ҷصͷүүǲغˣ岩ˡ
ãǰү˷䵱ţ̲صʵʵȻҶʢƿÿˮһҶԺ
ú𣿡Ҷʢתͷʡ
úȡҶţƿӣܹغ
ȡ
үүҲȡ
žҶغҶ岩Ҷزʲôôܻ뵽ԼںˣҶ岩ԶԼһҶʢ̾Ϣһ˰ˣж︣ɣֻϣﶼܻĺþˡ
Ҷʢţ̣ҶһһЩӣ׼½ϣȵʱɫѾˡ
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ҶҶʢŰɫζȫĵˣĬӣҶʢ˵԰ɣ
ҶظϽܳȥϴС֡
ϣҶǳԵСӹĹĵģҶʢⲻȥڶҶʢ˲֮󣬾͸⣬ڶĽӣҶ͵½̫̫У˵Ǹ½ųԵġ
ųԽӵҶأڶ͸½̫̫󣬸ϽܻؼȥԽӡ
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½û˵ҲûҶأڼƽʱһͯ飬ӣż󻨹ȥɽǶûпҶء
Ҷغü죬ҶҲû˵Щˡ
ʵϣҶرæһСľͰ½¶ˣΪүү߲ˮ֮ʱյ㶫׬Ǯÿ컹ҪҶʢһˮģһӱȽæ
ҶرȴæĿģһҲۣÿҶʢʶũҶʢǰֵϹ߲˵ģԼԣŮԣû
ǣŮˣҲûĺã˭Ҳˣȫջõг
Ȼϻ٣ÿ춼нҶÿ춼ŷӵ׬ǮүĺҶΰĽѣû뵽һһСľȻһˣе㲻
죬ҶΰŲŴгϻҶҶʢˣ̲ס˵䣺֣ʹˣ˿ɶ¶
ΰҶʢƽ˵ǰãҺͶӳ˵ˣ۸̣ġ
Ҷΰתߡ
Ҷʢ֪ΪʲôʹˣôŲٿŸĸҲ벻ͨҲͲˣҶؼߡ
ҶСһǺ«ǽүүģر󴮣ɽˮмϲˡ
ߵԺſڵʱ뵽ôһǺ«ԼԲô죬ǾȥԼΨһ½Ű˵үүȥҷŸˡϴ˵Ҷüûȥˡ
Ҷʢͷãȥɡ
ҪǺ«ָһԡ
ţȥɡ
ҶغŴھͳ½̫̫ܣûе½żң˴󻨹˵ĳˣҶغҲ˵һ䡰ؼҰɡ˻ܡ
Ҷأˣ̫ˣ
ҶֻһǺ«½̫̫ſڣ½̫̫ǹţſŷ촦濴ûˣͿ󻨹
ں½̣½̣ŸڼûУ
洫󻨹
Ҷأ½̣½үүŸ磡
󻨹
Ÿ磡Ÿ磡

Ÿ磬ҸǺ«ˡ


Ҷվǰ˰죬ֻд󻨹ӦǺ«ܿ½̫̫һڴЬ׵İ׷̫̫غ̡
׷̫̫תͷһϳҶϾɽϣܳôÿĺӣ½žҶˣЦǺǵ˵СҶأʲô
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Ҷôòֳÿˣ׷̫̫̲סҶض˵䣬ʣ֪Ÿʲôѽ
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ţǲ֪ܻܲԺҲ֪ܻܲˡ
Ҷһ㶣ʣԺҲˣ
׷̫̫˵˭֪أְ趼Ҳ֪˭ҪǸ裬˳ǲˡ
Ҷһ˵ˡ
׷̫̫ҶеĴǺ«ҲΪ⺢ӻ뵽С飬Ҷصϲֶ˼֣˵СҶذǺ«Լ԰ɡ
ҶؿŰ׷̫̫һ˵Ҳԣ˵ŸϾͻˣȸš
׷̫̫ЦЦ˵У˵Ÿͻˣˡ
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Ҷվ½̫̫ſվһ̵ػؼңصʱͷɥƽʱĻõȫһˣҶʢغҶء
Ҷ̧СҶʢ
ôˣҶʢҶıǺ«ɻʣ˵Ǻ«ָһôû֣Ŵˡ
ҶҡͷίС˵Ÿ粻ڼҡ
ҶʢֵĻ߹ʣȥĶ
ȥˣ˵ܲˡ
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öˡ½̫̫С˵űǺ˴⣬ֻҪʵĸԼԼ뿪ûʲô⣬μ飬ҽ˵ܶࡣҶصĹ͡
ɱô˵ҶػǸСӡȻô˵ҶʢһϾ˭ҲССʣְ衪
ǿ˾ģֵҲǾɽˣľʹķзģҶ֪Ҳ֪ˣˣҲûʲôرĸоˡ½̫̫˵ͦõģиˣš
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½̫̫ͷţҲˣרĴԺҪְֻ裬ˡ
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𣿡Ҷʢ벻ͨ첻˵һ仰½žȻȱˣȵĻҶء
½̫̫˵صͷ
ͬʱҶغ½š
ҶΪ½Ż˶˵Ĳˣ½ŵĸ첲ͳԺǺ«ȡݸ½˵Ÿ磬ģ
½ֽӹ˿žҪ߳䡣
Ҷһס½š
½ɻؿҶء
Ҷ˵ǸǸһ룬ʣһңҪҪȫˣҾûóˡ
½һЦˡ
Ҷؾȵ˵ѽЦˣŸ磬㻹Ц
½ЦݣСǺ«Ҷأ˵롣
ҶǺ«ͳܣǺ«мְο¶ǩò˵ǩնϣǺ«һΪ
Ҷصһ½ţ½ſմϡǩ½ûӣҶᣬ˰Ǻ«˵Ǹûճϡ
½ŽӹתͷһҶڽζϵϡģȥģܿɰĺƵģԼǺ«ϸ׵ָ˵Ǻ«ϵϡȻ
ͦġ
Ҷؿ½ʣɣ
½ŵͷմһǺ«ˡ
ȵ½̫̫ҶʢһʱͿҶغ½Ŷ˺úõǺ«ԣմԣҶʢ̺ǳҶأҶأô𣿻ȥϴ֡
Ҷ½һȥϴ֣ϴֵʱҶصƤس½Цˣ½죬ȻһԺǺ«Ǻ«ҶС컹ͣ
ҶغŸ磡
½ſҶء
Ҷ˵һһҪүүȥ߲˽ˮˮĻ߲˾ܳˣŸ磬Ҳȥ𣿡
½ŵͷ
Ҷʣ֪õˮ𣿡
½ҡҡͷ
Ҷָһ£ɽԱѽˣ˵ร쵽ˣ֪𣿡

Ҫӵģүү˵ӿ«έҶҲҶʱʱҼҶֿõгǮˣ
½ͻȻվ
Ҷʣʲô
š½ż򵥶Ҫض̧֣½̫̫½̫̫첲Ͽһߵǰһ̣㽫ֲУŴͳһӵķɫҶظǰҶأ͸㡣
ҶؽӹɫСȥʣǴǮ𣿡
½ŵͷ
ҴǮģ
š
ҶЦ˵Ÿ磬лл㰡
ҶЦݣ½ŲɵС죬û˵˵ˣԶ½̿οǶҶظмѡ
ҶصͷϸؿŷɫСǮޣΪʮ־ϸԽԽÿҶҲԽԽϲ½Ž˷䣬һɫܲߣͳʮǮһһŽɫСĶȻ˻ΣɫСһļˡ
֮Լûж͸½ţƺ̫ãһҳҶʢԲʣ½˵Ÿ磬
½ɻؿҶء
Ҷ˵͸
½֡
Ҷ½ŵ֣Բʿʼ½ϻߣƬ֮һʻĻ˳½ŵĸ첲ϣ½ſҶء
Ҷ˵͸һˣ͸ģ
½ţ
㲻ҪǮˣٸมҶرɫС˵ǮܸǮø
½ŵͷ
Ҷ˵Ǿô˵ˡ
½żͷһŤŤĻˣ죬һֻˣյµ
ҶѷɫСڴͷ½ų˷䣬Ҷʢһȥɽ߲˽ˮժһЩС֮Ļ·ϣҶʢҶ½˵һЩɽСʱҶͻȻǰкһ壬ð
Ҷʢ½ͬʱ̧ͷȥװĵӭ߹ҶʢʶǰˣҶôͺˣҶʢ˵Ǹʱһ΢ֵ˺ѽСҶأ㰡
Ҷ˵Ұá
úúãǸʲôأ΢Цʡ
Ҷĺ«ư˵Һүүȥɽ£߲˽ˮء
΢ʣ߲ѽ
ţ˺öࡣ
ֵʲôѽ
ֺööడѡףöö࣬յģǶˣ˾ˡ
Ҷظ΢ҶʢΪҳۿҶϻҪƫæ˵λãǸ
΢ŰĿתҶʢʣ壬ʶˣ
Ҷʢ΢ˣ˵ʵû˭˿϶Ǿɽˡ
΢˵Ͽ϶ˣҾҽһ°ɣ𣬾½ԶķһȥɽһλǰСӲҼСкСأζüˡ
ŶŶҶʢ˵㰡ӴӴˣԲá
СӼԺãһ¾ͼסˡ
ҶʢЦҶصԴԺˣ
ҶվҶʢȱ˵Ϊ峤ů
Ц
ҶʢҲЦ֪ΪʲôҲеСεģ˵СӵƤʲôææǾͻؼȥˡ
УУߣǻؼ
ؼ
ؼʲôҶʢԼʶˣҲǾɽˣμ֮ⱲӶ˰ɡ
ʱˣͷ޹ƻС


22 
ҶʢĵһӦߴԺˣ, ҶѾغ塣
վԺӦһ
ôѽ
㰡
ҰҶ˲һֱӵĸо, ̵ģԸ˵, 
ҶظϽԺŴ򿪣Ҷʢߵ
ʮòغҶ塣
ҶʢӦţԺ, תȥˮ˳ﲻ, д˵þ߶û, ˢ, һ裬˸
æվ˫ֽӹ˵ллҶ壬ллҶ壬Ҷ̫ˡ
ֲʲôò, ԼֵġҶʢ˵
ʣҶ㻹ֲ裿
ҶʢЦЦ˵ϹֵģֵĲãԼԼȣϲ̨, ҲҪ
Ͻһ, ζȷʵ㲻Ϻ, ʤ㣬ܲģʵ䣬±£ҶʢСԺӡ
СԺ󣬵ɾԵпռУһ䷿ϹһƳγε񡢰ɫĴһĸɶǵȵȣʵζ鲻ɵþ
תͷҶʢʣҶ壬װʲôģһֵģ
ǰҶʢش
ôࡣ
Ҳࡣǰࡣ
ƽʱԺʲôˣ
ţһҲûʲô¶Ҷʢʵ˵ɽҲţҲţָڵĳԵģҲҪ򡣡
Ե𣿡
Բ갡궼͸ŮǳԣٳԲЩ̲ˡɲˡÿҶʢ͸ŮĲٲˣرǸҶΰ֮иҶΰʡ˲ǮԾǳԲ꣬궼ûֱ˵ĴײˣֱӻһǮһ˵ҲͽѲóȥˡ
ôأ
ҶʢһߵҶأЦЦ˵Ϊ꿪ʼҪˡ
ֲáүү̴ŮйȱȽǣҲͼֲˣҲûйʣת˵Ҷ˼Ժ󻹻ֲˣ
ǰ
ǲҰɡ
ûⰡҶʢЦ˵ھ˵ģ˭еġ
ҶʢӦ˸ɴ֪࣬ү˼æҶʢͣȻлعϾ֮࣬һ˼߲ˮС
ֻ׬飬ΪͰ˾Ӫз߲ˮԽԽѾ￪˷ֵ꣬Ҳǰģչһҵ½ԶһʴȻž˾ɽ˳㿱˸ʶ˻õСҶأСҶضԻУŷС
СҶػһѴкһСˣζȷʵһ̣;ҪҶʢ
˵Ҷ壬Ҿô˼㿴ɲҰг۵ļ۸Щˣô
԰Ҷʢ˵ũ߲˻أϴҪʲôʲôˣΪʲôҪҵģ
ĴȻ
ȻҶʢһʱû׹
ͣũҩʲôĶõģ𣿡
ǵǣϷϲãɽϵũﲻҪϷϣô֪𣿡
СӸҵİһֱҪҵ㡣ûҶʢԼ뷨׼ܵ꣬רſһȻȾ߲ˮСרר߲ˮЧҪЧõĻǼ㿴ô
Ҷʢ㶣ԭ򡣲شҶͻȻھ˵ã
ҶʢͬʱҶء
Ҷص˵ð
Ҷʢʣ˵ʲô𣿡
ʵĺö໰ҶǣҪǵĲ˰ǵĲ˺ð
û˵ڡȻʮֵǮմ֣۸񶼻ܸߣʵܶಢǴȻֻǸͷǵǴȻӦģĹϹ߲ˣиŶĵģҶõô
ﲢûʲôũ˰
ûϵʲôʲôûרͿţǴȻӦġ
Ҷʢ룬ʣһԵгȥˣ
Ȼԡ˵ֻڶͻеһλ
ʲô
Ҫ߲ˮרЧãͲȥгˣҲרŹ˵ԭΪܲ˶һġ
ôܣֲʲôöҶʢЦ˵ΪֵһЩ˰ʲôĶǲֵǮҪΪҶأƶˡ
˽Ҷʢһӵ˼룬ҲûǿŤתЦ˵Լ¶Ҷ壬Ǿô˵ˡ
У˭
ãȸһǧǮ𡣡
˵Ҫ¶ǮҶʢ״ֹ˵ãããʲôҪʲôˣֻҪеģˡ
УھʹЩˡ
ûʲôˣֻһЩˡˡ
ԣǾ͸Щˡˡָǽϵװӡ͸ɶǣ˵ЩҲЩ
ЩҲҪ
Ҫն˵
УЩҶ͸ˡ
򡣡
Ҷʢ˵ֲʲôֵǮȥԲģҸ˷ɵġ
˭˵ģҳоֵǮˡ
ҪҶʢǮҶʢҲٶ˵ǽȡһЩװӡ͸ɶǣͷҶһɽţһƬ͵硢˺Ͳˡ
ڼҶʢܾɽ;ɽµĶأͷľҶʢΪɽһӣάɽģڿյֲˣá
ˣÿֵ߲˶Բ꣬رǾɽũ֪ʲͬô¶ɽϵũﳤرر׳Ҳɽ¶̡
ҶʢʱҶѾһĲˡˣʣ̫˰ɡ
಻࣬УҶߡ
ðɡ
Ҷʢֿؼңװӡ͸ɶǣŰһ£Ҷʢ֪гۣ֪ͳһʮǮҶʢ
Ҷʢæƴ˵̫ˣ
һ㶼ࡣָŵڴĲ˵ǶǰгˣҶ壬ԺǾͰг˺⣬㿴ô
Ҳô
ҸСҶصģ⺢̫ˣҪ죬һ벻רءӳԣҶ壬ͲҪҿˡ
˵ҶʢҲ˶һʮǮҶһ͵Ժſڣ𽫶ŵ䣬ӺҶʢ˵ټ
رֺҶ˵һ䣺СҶټ
ҶػӶС˵ټ
Цҡ𳵴˳ӡ
Ŀĳ뿪ҶذСʣүүԺ嶼𣿡
Ҷʢ˵ĺþͻˡ
ĺûˣ
šҶʢҲ֪ܲĺãܾԼĶͨͨϲ̨ģҶˣҲ˳Ҷػشˡ
Ǿڼ׬Ǯˣ
š
̫ˣ
ҶʢҲ̫ˣҶؼֱǸСǣҪ⺢Ӱ˵ЦģҲÿˡڲĹϹ߲˳ô׬һʮǮɶҶصĹͰ
һʮǮԱ˵ܲʲôȴҶʢԴ˵Ŀģʱ·ˡ
ͬҶʢкҶʢҲЦҶغ尢үү̣Ҷ̾òغ
˱ҶҶεĶЩɼҶصĺҲòԵػһ䣬תѯҶʢղſʲôˡ
Ҷʢ˵˵ġ
ôˣţƻġ
֮ǰ񣬺ǼҶˣͦϲҼҶصģʱʹ㶫Ҷء
Ҷʢ˵⻰ʱ¶ȴҶʢҶһĺܶʲôأǻǲϲҶأҲÿɽǵǮҶʢ˺ãҶºֻ࣬ûСҶء
Ҷû˵
Ҷʢȴ֪Щ˲ϲҶأЦݽסҶصԴǸʵͷҶʱҶؿ˵үүǲϲҡ
Ҷʢһ㶣⺢ӻǸܵˣҶ˵ǣүүϲң½үүϲң½ҲϲңŸϲҡ
Ҷʢһ㶣ֱֱؿҶأһ˻ϣΪԼҲΪں˶Ҫ˵Ŀô򵥵ĵܶ˲ףȴҶؼ򵥵뷨ҶʢЦˣ˵ԣ
ҶҲЦˣȻ˵ŸرϲңҴǮޡ
š
үүһŸ޹ȣòã
á
صҶؾͰ޹ˣҶƿҶתͷƻСԥһ˵үүƻСҲöడ
ҶʢЦЦ˵ǰ
ǡǡҲŸƻСòã
øŸ磿
šҶصͷ˵Ÿѡ
á
ҶʢָҶƻСҶرƻС޹СӾͳ½żߣûе½żңͿ½վڶ¥Ĵǰ¿󻨹
Ÿ磡Ҷظ˵غҪ½Ż֣ΪﱧŶܻ裬ֻ˷ܵضСźŸ磡
½ѭ۾΢
ҶؼغŸ磬ˡ
š½죬̧Ҫ¥ݡ
Ҷ¥˵Ÿ磬ȥ㣡
½ͣ
ҶرƻС޹߽½Ժӣ߽Ȼ϶¥߹ѻĶ½Ż
½ɻؿҶء
ҶЦ˵Ÿ磬Եģ
½죬˵лл
Ҷ˵һûгԣһԣ𣿡
½ŵͷ
Ҷ½Żƿ޹ƻСŵ̨ϣһ˳װ֣װ𿪣óҧһڣһҸ˵ۣúó԰
½ż״ҲҧһڣʵԹܱġġģûһζҶѯóԲóʱصصͷ
ҶؿĵЦˡ
½Ҳ죬
Ҷſڴ̨ϸ˵½˵ǰǸֵҲˣүү׬˶һʮǮÿѽҶ˵ÿģԺҪɻ׬Ǯ
ҶЦˣЦ۾䣬ֺÿ½ŸҲЦˣʱ¥һЩСӵ
ףǲƭ˾ĶСƭ˾Ҷ𣿡иСָŶ¥ϵҶغҶǶ
ǰСƭ˾
Сƭ˾İְƭӣǷҼǮûл
ְǴ󻵵С
ССҶǸСƭ˾ƭ˾Ҷذְƭ˾ҪﲻҪҶؾûҪûˣҪ֪ĸĺӣҶƭɸˡ

Щ׸شҶغ½ŵĶУͬʱ¿߰ĺӣһҶ岩
ոջЦҶأһӲЦ¥һ䡰ǲûҪЩֽ֮յСӵһˣҶемܲס½ţ½С쵰ַЩǵĻĬĬصͷ
ʱ޹½ţ޹̨һ٣תͳ¥ߡ
ҶŤͷʣŸ磬ȥĶ
½ѵÿ˵ȥǣ


23 
˵꣬½¥
Ҷظžȥ, ½С, ½ŸܳԺʱ, ½Ѿվǰſʣ˭ģ
ͬʱ
Ҷ岩½Ŵ½, ܵĸ֪½ŵġ˵, ½θһ飺˭ģһ֡ٲ˵һ𰤴򡱵ơ
㿴ҿ, һͷҶ岩ؿڷûг, ǳҶǸҰӣ
ž½һƴҶ岩ϡ
Ҷ岩һ㶡
ĸҲˣ֪½֪½ôģ
һ룬߳ŭҶ岩½ţ½˴ܵ׼, Ҷ岩һ
ոճҶؿһҪҷŸ硱žܹҶ岩
ĸҶ岩ѣҶ岩æһһȥ˺Ҷغ½, Ƕľ½żԱչ
ҶʢʹҶصĴڿ, ҶرΧ, ȫë߸У͵ȥһҧסҶ岩Ŀȣî˾קһսӼˡ
ſҶ岩ߴڡ
ҶקҶ岩Ҵڣ
ſ
Ҵ㣡

߸ţֻ½Ʋһ̵ڵأҶ岩ݺݵˤڵϣסҪקҶأݺݵض˵´ҶأҴǣ
ĸֱֱؿ½ţ˾⣬ڵϵҶ岩ֳŵַһոˤʱְʯͷʯͷ˵ƤʱðһѪ
ѪҶ岩ۡһӵ߿ޱ߳ߣĸӼ״Ҷ岩ϽߣⳡսҶ½ŵʤ
ҶСĨһѶͷĺתͷ½š
½ҲҶأһ˵Ҫѹ´ǻ˵㣬һǡ
Ҷһ㶣֪˵ʲôˡ
½˵ǻȥ𣿡
Ҷصͷ
½̧תߡ
Ҷ̧ͷ½ţһᵽãů׵罻ӣһںڰĵﺦʱͻȻһرȫرģһ۽űߵĴڣСŴڵĺԴ״ڵ˵ڣҪȥҷŸ磬ؼҰɡ
Ťͷˡ
ҶС׷½ţֳ߱½ģ˵Ÿ磬࣬Ұġ
½û
Ҷر߱ģһ˵ˣĸɾˡ
½תͷҶЦˡ
»ص˶¥һ˱һƿ޹Цغţͷգװ׵ƲʣҶ˵Ÿ磬֪ɵģ
½תͷҶء
Ҷ˵кööɡ
½Ҷء
Ҷؼ˵ǿ֪ģСʱ򿴺öӣϲ磬ϲɵģΪϵɶǺõģʲôܿ׽ֻ׽ˣᱣ˻ᱣСҲᱣңǺС
½ŵͷ
ǶƲʹġ

Ÿ磬ҲǺСͷҲ㡣

Ÿ磬ҺúáҶ˵ԺҲҪãһӶúá
½ſҶأصصͷ
ҶҲЦˣСָգ˵Ÿ磬㿴
½ſա
ǸƲʣʨӣǹģ·ġ

Ҷû½˵ʲô
½˵񹷣Ʋ񹷡
ʨѽ
񹷡
ʨӣ

ʨӣ
Ǿʨӡ
ǱǸ񡣡
㡣
񣡡
񡣡
Ǹţ
š

ӶϵƲʣԼ˵Լ½ŶͬҶء
˿գ޹޹һƻУ֮һָ縡һƬƲʣͬ˵ǸƲ񼦣
Ҷؽž˵Ÿ磬Ҽҵļɼˣȱɼ֮㿴ม
½ŵͷ
Сƿ𣿡
ûС
ҿڡ硷￴ġҶ½˵ţȻԶںҶء
Ҷأ
˭ں
Ҷ½¥£žͿҶ岩ԼԱҶΰҶΰָĸӡ
Ҷ岩ؿޣҶΰһŭغҶأҶĶأ
Ҷɫһ㶡
½Сüͷ
ҶΰѾ½ŵļſڣ̧ͷһۿҶأ׺˵Ҷأ
ҶС˲һͻ¡
½һסҶصС֣Ҷس¥ߣҶЩǱ½һʱ½¥£վſڵҶΰҶ岩Լĸӡ
ҶΰʣҶأ岩ˣ
ҶزǴҶ岩ˣո˺ʱݺݴҶ岩Ҳü£ϡ
һԵ½Ҳ
Ҷ岩ںߺޡ
Ҷΰʣ˵ǲ岩ģ
Ҷسʵش𣺡Ҵˡ
ԣҶΰ˲ɫѿˣʱ·ϳֲ·ˣ½żΧôˣǰѯҶΰֱ˵ҶشҼ岩
ȻȰ˵СӴûʲôġ
岩ִѪˡҶΰߵ˵еˣ˵󲮵ģ㲻󲮣ΪһϵˣҲýѵѵȻ⺢ӻԽԽġ
Ѫˣ˿ҶصĹɵģ׷׾̾
еˡ

ƽʱͦԵĺӣô
֡

һȻӣͬʱֳһ󰲾ְҶеزҶԼ˼֣Ҷΰûгᣬҵġ
Ҷΰʣʹˣ
Ҷ˵Ҳҡ
ͰѪˣ
ҴѪģԼˤģ
˭ˤѪģ
Ҷʼղ˵½ŴҶ岩½ѣҪѡ
ʱ½ǰһҶק˵Ҷ岩ˤѪġ
Ҷΰ½һ㶣˵ʵû½˵ģССĺһ˵еô¶
Ҷ岩ˡ
ĸҲ
Ҷΰ˵㲻Ҿ֪Ҷ⺢ӲǸúӣҶҹ
Ҷزȥ
Ҷأҹ
½ŻҶأҶعȥ
ʲôѽǣͻȻһӦȥͿ½̫̫½үӺҶʢˣҶʢʣҶأô¶
Ҷ̽Դүү
Ҷʢʣ
ҶҶʢ§סҶʢ
Ҷʢ§Ҷأʣôˣ
ҶػûпڣҶΰѾǻˣ˵֣Ҷ⺢úúýѵѵˡ
Ҷʢʣôˣ
ҶΰҶ岩Ҷ岩˵㿴Ҷذ岩ֶѪˣ⺢̫ˣ
ҶʢͷҶأҶظϽ˵үүҵģ
½ٴ˵ҴҶ岩
½үӺ½̫̫ȵؿ½ţ½վ˵Ҷ岩ĸһҶأҶذҶأҶС쵰ûҪĺӣ¥Ҷ岩Ҷ޹ء
½̫̫ˡ
½үӼֱԼ۾Ͷ䣬ԼĴӾȻһ˵ô໰ˣ⡢⡢̫ˣ½үӼˡ
½̫̫ˡ
ҶΰͻȻ廰⺢ѣ


24 
ѣ
½үӺ½̫̫ɫһ壬ǵĴȻƢŹ, Ǵм, Ҳûţ֮ǰ˺Сư͡ƢƱ˵Դ, ϳʵʵؽܴ˵ѵ⣬ھΪҶ岩ֲƵƤѣ
ܣ
½̫̫Ȳ˵ʣô֪Ҽѣ
Ҷΰ˵ҶӺ˵Ĳһ
½̫̫̬ȼص˵ǿ϶ѡ
Ҷΰһ㶡
Ҷ岩顣
½̫̫׼ȷ׽Ҷ岩, Ŀؿʣ岩½㣬ôˤģ
Ҷ岩˵
½̫̫˵û¶, 󷽷غ½˵
Ҷ岩ǲش
½̫̫Ҷΰ
ҶΰһҶ岩˵ʵ½˵
½̫̫һ飺岩, ôˤģ
Ҷ岩֧֧˵ҶƵģ
Ҷΰž˵½, Ҷأš
½̫̫ҶΰʣҶôСôƵö㣿
Ҷ岩˵Ƶġ
Ϊʲô㣿
ΪҺܡ
Ϊʲôܣ
ҡ
Ϊʲô㣿½̫̫һһʣҶ岩ᡣ
Ҷ岩žͻش𣺡ΪҺ½Ŵܡ
Ϊʲô½Ŵܣ
½ȴҵġ
½Ϊʲô㣿
ҡҳҶ, ҡ
㳪ʲôҶأ
ְǻҲǻûҪ
˭㳪Щ
ǡ
岩ҶΰҶ岩ĻҶ岩һ, ֻǰĺ, ס½̫̫ƺ, ʲô˵ˣ֪
Ҷΰ֪Ҳ֪Ҷ岩ˣһѯʣ˭㣿
Ҷ岩˵Ҷء
Ҷ𣿡
Ҷأ
˵ʵҶΰһ䡣
Ҷ岩ŵˣĿڣǡ½š
Ҷΰ̱
Ҷʢ§ҶأְϧС۵С
½үӺ½̫̫ʮοû˵½̫̫±˲ּһ䣺֪˭˵˰ɣ
Ҷΰɫÿ
·ͬʱĬΪͻȻˣԼҶˣҶظϽ½Ž˵½̣Ϊ岩ңŸŰҴ岩ǵġ
½̷ʣ岩ôġ
Ҷ̾˵ңССҶǸСƭ˾ƭ˾Ҷذְֱ˾ҪﲻҪҶؾûҪûˣҪ
Ҷؼܺãһһֲر½̫̫½үӡҶʢԼеЩ겻ܹҡѧУǼҳǶʮעغӵЩһӵӰж
⡰ƭ˾Ҷذ֡ûҪĻҪǴ˽̵ĻмСӻ˵Щֻ˵ЩأҶҶ岩ҶΰĿͬ
ر½̫̫½үӺҶʢ
½̫̫½үʱüͷҶʢɫѾˣ§ҶأҶΰЩʹļ׵ζΰҶغôֶӡ
Ҷΰɫÿ鵽زˣֻӲͷƤԲ˵֣ⲻ𣿡
ʲôҶʢθ˵ƭ˾Ҷذ֣ûҪЩ˭̵ģ㲻˵֪
ҶʢʮֲκӵѵҶΰ
ҶΰͷҲûڴ֮ͥ·Ҷʢ
һôֶӵҶξǮǲǰˣҶʲôڻû꣬ʲôʲô£㵽һ꺢ӵʲô
֡
Ұ֣ҶʢˣرۣҶôСôôůӶãȴӶԱҶΰžˣԼɢ˸ʲôӰҶʢĲ᣺ûӣ
Ҷΰ̧ͷ˵˵⻰û˼ˡ
ҶʢȻŭҪʲô˼Ҫʲô˼
Ϊһֵ𣿡
ôһӣôһӣ˵
ҶʢǸº͵ˣ˭ºͣôԺ󣬺κ˶ûкͻȻ𣬲Ҷΰˣ·Ҳˣ׷׶ǰȰ˵
ҶʢΪָҶΰ˵ҾҶôһӣˣˣǴˣ͵˻ˣְֲǺˣӵľһǺ׸ǲҲǺˣ׵ǲǸȥ
Ҷΰ˵졣
½̫̫½үҶʢдҶʢϰߵ磬ҶʢΪ˹ӣƴع׬Ǯңӡһһ֡
һԵ·Ҳһ±Ҷʢ˵ˣҶزǸĺӣʲôڲͶ̥ҶεĶӣ֮⣬Ҷزû£һֱÿʵģһ㺢Ӷÿ
½źҶվһҶʢҶ۾дЩˮ⡣
Ҷʢܹ˶ӵ˽ȰԼôԼĶӣǾҶΰûиһһߣҲûмƽϹ֣һжǰ״ڡ
ôڸϼھͻϼ
ȻҶغϵҶʢ˵ԺҲûϵɡ
Ҷΰ㵵ؿҶʢû뵽Ҷʢ˵ĻУȻ˵ߣҶ岩˵һ䡰ߣתҪߡ
Ȼ½̫̫½үӺҶʢһ˵ߣ
Ҷΰһ㶣תˣͬ˵Ӹ˵
Ҷΰɫһ죬һ˵ȻԸ⣬ɲԸ߲Ը⡣
ҶʢֱֱҶΰ
½̫̫½үһࡣ
Ҷΰ½̫̫½үӡҶʢֿߵΧԱ尢̱ģҧҧҲͺλ˵˶Բ
½̫̫˵˵˵
Ҷΰɫ䡣
½̫̫˵ҪΪҴֻعûѣҲ˵Ҫ֪үүҲڮ
ҶӣҶΰ粵
ҪҸϷҾͺúø㷭һѸղźǳ׸Ҳĸ˾ĲڱԼֵֶܺӣ˭û
Ҷΰ˲䲻˵ˣ½̫̫ƽʱҶʢһºͺ͵ģʱȴͻȻӲĲˣҪ½Ǿɽǣ˵½ŵİְǮƣ½ү˵ҲһСǣҲǲ
ۺҶΰֻӲͷƤҧ½˵ţˣ岻˵ģûѣѵ塣
½Ųеӡ
½̫̫˵Ҷء
ҶΰǳԸôأֻٴҧĲ鲻ԸسԱߵҶ˵Ҷأԩˣ󲮻ؼҾͺúýѵ岩
ҶؽҶʢȱߣԹԵţһԲ
Ҷΰſ½̫̫½үӣѹĲʣ½½𣿡
½̫̫תͷԱߵҶغ½˵С𣿡
Сһͷ
½̫̫ſ˵ˡ
ҶΰתҶʢһ¡
Ҷΰͷػͷʣôˣ
Ҷʢ˵ǷҵһǮңʹǷһǮ
Ҷΰɫ䡣


25 
ҶΰתͷҶʢСϰԵҶʢ, ҪԵ, ҪȵģҪ, ҪǮʹǽˣҲˣ֪ԼҪٶ, ΪһͷҲԺȴò꣬ͷĶӣӦõõЩ, ֻһҪһǮ, Ҷʢԥ, ʹǷҶʢˡ
û뵽ҶʢҪǮֱԼĶ䣬ʣ֣˵ʲô
Ҷʢɫص˵һǮҡ
Ҷΰһ
Ҷʢݻ˵ҪǲҾ͵ͥ㡣
Ҷΰȫסˡ
Ҷʢº, Ƿŭȴȳ˸Ҷΰһ仰Ҳ˵ּԱߵ˶ŭ˵, һ㣡Ժ¶ң
Ҳ㣡Ҷʢ˵
Уڣ
Ҷΰͨ, Ҷ岩ת, ոջҶ岩ĸСһֱûл˵˿ҶΰҶ岩ˣڿ˵ˡ
Ϊ֤ԼǻӣϽ˵ԼǺúӣûжġ
Ҷ岩˵ģһ÷ǳԡ
ҶؾûдҶ岩Ҷ岩ǳ裬СأȻȻ½ŲˣҶ岩Ƶˡ
ţҶ岩ؼһ״
״˵ҶشģְִҶء
ǵģ
Ҷ岩˵˵˵ְ˵ҶûҪҰӡ

С֮ûдνġ顱Ҳܡ顱еֻ࣬ôһͰ龭˵˳Ȼи͵С˵ǲǲǹҶصġ
½̫̫Ц˵ԣǶǺúӣԺҲҪúӣѣ֪𣿡
ĸһ˵֪ˡ
ر
õ½̫̫Ŀ佱ĸظֿĵˣոΧ۵·˵֪󣬶ԼղŶҶ̫ˣھβѣɰͰ͵˵ЩοҶʢĻ
תͷҶʱҶС첲§ҶʢĴȣСҶʢϣ΢΢ͷСģǺÿˣ·ھˡ
λҲɰͰ͵Ӧţ·뿪ˣ½̫̫ԺſֻҶʢ½̫̫½үӡ½źҶأҶʢ½̫̫˵壬鷳ˣҲǼЦˡ
½̫̫˵Ҷϸ磬ô˵ǼȳֵģȻҲԩҶء
ҲΪҶذ
ҶعãõĻſǲæġ½̫̫Ц˵ҿˣûпҼ˵ô໰ˡ
˵ţҲû˵ȻĩһĿϣȿ½ţ½СһرţǾˡģͲںҶ岩ҶΰǰҲ硣
ҶزһҶȻڸǴûһ˴ӹˣԩʱ¼ˣֻ½վеĴ˶˵Ĳǣˡ
үү½үү½̶ˣرүүάʹ󲮳ˣû˶ôù
ǰԩʱ趼ûôôǸֻүүֻүүôãղŵĺºίҵͻƿˣҶʢȣСزҶʢĿӡ
½̫̫ʣҶأôˣ
½үӺ½ҲҶء
ҶػСҶʢĿӡ
ҶʢͷҶء
Ҷشſǻһ
Ҷʢ˲Ծ⿪Ҷص֣ûҶصСҶС첲һ§סҶʢĲӣСҶʢľصСˣСһ
Ҷʢ׹ҶίģҶصĺ˵û¶û¶Ժ˭ٸ۸ǼҶأүүҶˣˣˣˡ
Ҷ˵Ҳ۸үү۸үүҴҳˣˣҴǣ˭۸үү
ҶʢЦһ
½̫̫½үӸҲЦ
½졣
Ҷʢ§Ҷ˵˺ˣˣˣ㿴Ÿڿء
Ÿ磿
ҶſҶʢľѣ΢΢ͷһֻ۾͵½һ£ϽСֲᣬվ壬ߵ½˵Ÿ磬ûпޣ
½С֣Ҷ۽ûвɵĨû˵һ仰
Ҷؼ˵ԺҲޡ
š
ӺԺ󱣸ǡ
½žҶ˵ֶ
ţԺ󱣻ǡ
š½ŵͷ
Ҷ±˲ţתͷ½̫̫½ү˵½үү½̣ûпޡ
½̫̫½үͬʱ˵ԣ
ҶһҲûʲôˣĨһᣬתͷ½ʱ½һЦ½ҲЦˡ
Ҷָ½ţͷ½̫̫½ү˵½̣½үү㿴ŸЦˣЦˡ
½˲Цݡ
ҶػعͷС½ţ˵һ䣺ŸֲЦˡ
½ţ
λ˹Ц
ЦˣҶҲЦ
½ǲмؽСƫһԣûС첻Ծ򣬲λˡ
ҶʢЦ½̫̫½ү˵壬ⶼˣǾͲˡ
½̫̫æԷ
Ҷ緹ˣҶسԷġ
ô죬Ҹղȥȥˡ
ţҪȥҼҳԷɡ
ˣ´ȥ½̫̫ʱ򣬸½ġ
ҶʢˣҲûǿͷ˵УҺҶػȥˡ
½̫̫һʣҶϸ磬Һΰ¶
û¶˽
Ҳ̫ġ
ġҶʢ˵ôˣͲˣҽúɣԺҴҶغúùӡ
Ҷ⺢ӳ϶ǸϢġ
ʲôϢϢֳɳͺˡҶʢϣҶؽְִ֣󲮲һˡ
½̫̫Цͬ
Ҷʢ˵æɣǾͻؼˡ
á
Ҷػͷ½̫̫½үӡ½ŻС˵ټȻҶʢ߳½Ժӣһߵ·ϣͿ·ߵȴĴڡ
һҶأվСĺɫβ;ҡͣ
ڣҶظ˵غ
ڽС
ڣҶ˹ȥѴڱڻתͷĵغҶʢ˵үүղǴܣڰˣҧҶ岩Ŀӡ
ҶʢЦ˵ǵĴڳˣ
ǵģүүڳģ
ԣģҶʢҶؿĵСüۣҲźˡ
ҶָŴڵԴſҶصĻβͣһֱУҶزŰѴڷ£һ´ھͳܣܵǰвͣ
Ҷغڣүүѵģ
ûнȥڼѵǰиͣ
ʲôѽҶغ룬ܳţүүҼСƿˣ


26 
Ҷʢϲʣƿˣ
Ҷ˷ܵصͷš
ҶʢϽҶأƿӿŵֻĸ, һֻĸƨɺżѾѿ, һŵ۵ĻɫëɼҶСָ, ʣүүǸɫǲСƼ
ҶʢЦ˵СƼ
СƼڻһСء
ţȵȾͲһСˡ
һŵСƼ̵չʪС, ԴԱߵĵǣ䶯СС, ɰ, Ҷ˷ܵ۷, ˵үүСƼ
ҶʢӦԡ
Сม
Ͳ󡣡
Сĺÿ
Ҷһ˫ڷ۾˵ʵĻҶʢ̲סЦˡ
Ҷ̲ס׵СƼǰϸſ, ͻȻվ˵үүȥҷŸ磡
ŸʲôҶʢɻʡ
˵СƿǣҪһ𿴵ġ˵Ҫ㻰ġ
Уȥɡ
Ҷ, ܵ½̫̫, ק½ǰ, һֻСƼ뵰ǣ˵۾գգضſоʮ
ҶʢĽ˵£֪СԼƿǣԼǣԼվԺųΪһֻǿ׳СпԼ
ԼиõԼ
֮󣬼ֻСƼֱֻСƼվǲŸҶʢʢСƼֽӣιСƼʳףȻһСذСƼŽֽ
ſֽ￴һǺҳһ㡣
Ϊܹ࿴һСƼ½ŸҶһȥɽֲˣֲʱ˻СƼٴλصʱֻСƼƿǶȵʱһֻСƼ
ʱ½ү½ˣ½ŲظŻؼˣҶؼСƼ
ҶʢСƼֽϸһ㱡ӣڴͷҶʢɵϣҶ̲ס´СƿСӣһֻСƼȻ
ҶʢʣҶأǻðɣڸʲôأ
ҶزС˵Ե˯ˣɺÿˣ
ÿ
ë׵һţɰġ˵⻰ʱҶǹſɰЦݣСƼɰĶࡣ
ë׵ľͿɰˣҶʢЦʡ
ǰ
ҶҶʢ壬۾ﶼСƼȫ˰ҶΰЩ¶Ҳûѹ˼ҶʢˣҶҴ˱ӡ
Ҷ˵ллүү
ҶʢЦ˵
ҶЦ
ҶʢʣСһЦʲô
Ҷ˵ҿѽ
Ҷʢʣүү˵˵Ϊʲôģ
ΪǼҵСƿˣԺö༦ƿˣͻкööСȻööļǾͿ׬ööǮǮ
׬Ǯôģ
ҶؼصͷŰΪǮˣүүͲôѽ
ҶʢЦ
үүҶֽ˵쿪ʼһҪúСС
Ҷʢ˵С
ҪͷŸһŸҲϲС
á
үүһҪֲˣֲҺÿĵġ
԰
ʲôԸɡҶҶʢǰʮȻرԼ뷨ҿˣ
ҶʢЦǺǵ˵ûҶҲúúѧϰΪҵĶ֮ء
һѧϰģƴѧĿɺˣƴ֣ȫģǸСأ
СӣүүСôǰҶʢעСӵ鱾֮࣬ڶעˣȥгʱ̯ģǮһһͯ飬ͷ档
˿̣Ҷʢó鱾ϻ˵һ飺ҶظүүСºòã
ۣҶشĸɴ࣬ɴҶʢıѣҶʢĻһŴͷŻƵĵƣҶСָ֣ʼҶʢcongӣqianǰyouУǰһzuoСɽСɽһmiaoи
ҶؾôִƴضҶʢҶʢҲ棬ţͼҲţһֱҶƤˣСšСţ˵Сţ˵˵ҶʢЦŽӹ鱾Ҷطźãƣ塣
û˯ʹˣ˯߾ˣ¶ʱҶΰ¶Ȼʱ˺ݻҲûкԼôǵϣﻹЩġ
Ȼѹûãߴһ߽үүүүҶʢոջЩһůˣҶأҶصС֪ǲҶ˯ߵӰ죬һҲ˯֮С
ڶϣүһ𴲾ͿСƼֻСƼĺúõģ˷ˣ緹֮ҶؾҪҶʢһгˡ
ֹСƼ¶ҶŴڵĺԴ˵ڣ
ں۾Ҷء
Ҷ˵ҺүүҪȥˣŴƼܳ¶֪𣿡
һ
ҶҲ֪ûҶʢԺţҡβ͸ҶضС˵˵ˣ㿴СƼôҪȥȥСƼȥСƼҪǳ¶ˣҾͲˣ
ڲԸſڵϣͰ͵ӡ
ҶֶһСţȥȥбĹҧ㣬㶼ҧ˵ģȥ
ڡءһ鲻ԸصͷԺӡ
ҶʢԺϡ
ҶظҶʢгߣҶʢαⵣ˼ٵ⣬Сˡˡ֮ģںҶг϶ˣرҶأг˵ģ֪Ҷء
ÿҶظҶʢһгϣ˾ĺܿ죬ҲˣҶҶʢ̯ñЦ˵ҶأҪؼˣ
Ҷ˵ǰ
ؼôʲôѽñĺҶҶʢһÿ׼ʱ׼̯ˣϼ䣬ҲϤˣԽϤԽҶ⺢ӿɰ̲סҪҶضļ䣬ҪȻԲƵġ
ҶҲԸͱ죬˵һؼ
㻹ˣ
šҶؽصͷ˵ҼĸรҼСƼһˣҺүүûвˣǾСƼñ壬ҪСƼСƼɰġ
ñĹЦҶʢ˵Ҷ壬СⰡ
ҶʢͦΪģͣñЦҶصԴ룺УСƼˣñֻɺã
ãҶظ˵صͷ
Ҷʢæֹ˵𣬱СϹ˵
ñ˵ҿûϹ˵ģüҲҪֻСιţ˭Ĳ˵ǲǣ
ǡ
ҵġñҶʢ˵ҶҵС϶ȱҵС
ŷֻСƼֻҶʢҶأһ޿κΣҶؿĵܹҶʢ֣ͺʹñ˵ټصʱСƼƿֻÿһ춼СƼƿǡ
ҶءҶʢĵĽͬʱɽɽµ߲˶ûʲôģÿЪһЪʲôģҶҲúãүţСԺΧһСᣬڵֽ壬רŸСƼõġ
С֮Ҷ˵үүԷźöֻСƼѽ
ҶʢżιԣΪ˷źöСƼģֽ̫ˣġ
ȥҷŸһŰ½ҶõѣҶȤ飬ǻһʱ½š
Ÿ粻ڼҰɣҶʢȻ½ҪȥҽԺˡ
ҶСԴ˵รŸȥҽԺǾŰɣȷŸˣҺͷŸһι
а
ȥֽӡ
ҶػسﱧҶʢһ𣬴ӷһһֽӣСذһֻһֻСƼŵļСƼ̻Ļɫӱ֡
ҶҶʢΧڳǰţЦţȻԺŴһŮ˵ĺ
֣֣
ҶҶʢͬʱԺſڡ
ҶػûüʣҶʢѾĵӦһСȥš
֣
ˡ
ҶʢСȥˡ
ҶظСܵԺſڣȻͿһŸŮˣŮǺɫɫ£ÿȥҶʢȧеߣǺܺÿģҶһԼһſŷϿǸŮˡ
ǹùã
ҶûǰֱֱؿҶʢҶʢ˵ϼôˣϰ𣿡
Ҷϼ˵ݣ͹˰
ˣôණ˷Ѱ
˵˷ѰҶϼЦŶ˵飬үأ캰ү
žһǱСŮһԹǺ«˽غһү
Ҷʢ۾Цˣ鰡үˡ
šе㵨С˵ͲصҶϼ͵͵ؿҶʢ
ҶϼЦ˵үʲô
ҶʢЦǺǵؽӹҶϼкҶϼԺӣһԺӾͿСﻹ߬һҶء
Ҷϼһ
ҲҶء
Ҷغùúá
Ҷϼ΢㶣Ҷʢʣ֣ʶң
ϴμ㡣Ҷʢ˵һξͼסˣ⺢Ӵء
ҶϼûҶأʣ֣緹𣿡
Ҷʢ˵ûء
һҸ
ҸҶʢ˵ˣܻ
Һһ
áҶʢӣһŮҪ˵ЩοľŮˣŮʱʱ绰ʺ򣬶ķǳˣĵظŮŮˮţ̡ǹġ
Ůһ䣺֣Ҵ绰ˡ
Ҷʢɫ˵绰ʲô
ҲûʲôҶϼС˵ҲǺ˵˵˵˶Ķӣ˵һǮ
ȻأҶʢطǹأ
Ҳû˵ʲô˵ÿɽȥˣֲ˵ģôˣ͸ʵʵڼôڵĻ
ʹˣӦżԵ𣡡ҶʢֱӳҶϼһ䣺ǻŻʲô˼
һº͵İְͻȻͷƢҶϼ̲˵ˣְ֪ˡ
ְҶʢǰٴΰરવ˺̴ҶϼĬĬϴвˣȥ׵ʱ򣬿ԺҶأϴҶʱҶڴ˯ţûпҶصĳ࣬οˣ⺢ǳÿ»͸һְҪÿ̫ˡ
Ǹóడ
Ǻóʲôãְֲ費Ҫģǳ˱е׸Ҷϼ̾ϢһˮͷǰףҶͻȻܹСͰˮͷ£˵ùãˮҪԽԺĲˣ˾ܳøˡ
Ҷϼ漫ˣѹû뵽¶ٿҶʱҶܹȥˣͷףٴλصͻȻְર̵İְ֣оְ־ͷϴκöˣѵҶصĹͣôأһĺܶʲô
ӶˣֻԺģҶϼֿһҶʢĬĬպ֮Ҷϼ߳ҪԷһС飬ҶضԺ︧һֻСڹ
Сڹ۾ſڵϣر˳ӸҶػЦʣ飬㲻˰ɣ
ССءšһ
Ҷر˵Ĺдڣررԣҧġ
ڡ
ԡҶŴڵԴѧŴ˺Сӽķʽʣ飬㼸ѽ
ˡ۵ġ
ϾˣұýҸ磬ҽá
ţ硣̾ͺ˸硣
Ҷظ˼ˣ½⣬һˣһͷЬˣ˵飬𶯣ϵЬ
˵á
Ҷر׾ظϵЬȵЬֿˣҶػҪϵҶϼ˵Ҷأϵɡ
ҶҶϼùá
š
ҶϼͷҶЦһ£ҶطֱҶϼеѺã죬е㿪ģϲ˶ƵЦˡҲûеΣԷʱүүĽ̵ر𽲾ġ
ҶϼҶأֿҶʢѯҶʢһЩֲ˵飬Թ֮Ҷذһ룬Ҷʢͳ˺̴װͰ͵˵үүˣ
Ҷʢһ˵Ҿһ¡
Ҷ˵һˡ
ûСҶʢҶؿ϶֪Լڳˡ
ƭˣҸոնŵϵζˣ
ҶʢЦǺǵ̴˵úúãүүƭˣүүˣүүҶصǸүүү̴ˣðɣ
šҶصͷ
ҶʢľͲˡ
ҶϼȵؿҶʢֿҶأƵĽŮģʱȰүүϴӦĺúãû뵽үӵСһˡ
СһҶ˵֮󣬾÷ιڣ鿴棬ͶҶ߿˵磬ڳԷѽ
Ҷ˵ǰ
Աһ档
ҪҺʹһ𣿡Ҷظ˵ʡ
š
Ҵȥҵĺ棬òã
áͷɰǱ΢΢һЦ¶һСȻתͷҶϼ˵裬Ҫ͸һ档
Ҷϼصͷ
ȵڳ֮Ҷؽڵʳ裬ǽһţүүŸӦûˣҺȥҷŸȥ
áҶʢ˵չ˺ð
֪
ҶС˵ãȥҷŸ档
Ǳֲ¡
Ǵڲȥ
ΪʲôѼԴʡ
·ŸҵĴ󻨹ȥġ
ôѼ
ȥҷŸ磬ȻͷŸһ棬òã
á
ҷŸ糬ˣҶر߱ߺ½ţҶУΨһ½ȫˣܷ
ʣŸôˣ
Ÿ糤óÿ
ȸ𣿡
ȸˡҶظԼѱԼ
Ӿô˵ţ½̫̫ſڣ½̫̫ŹȻˣҲ˵½ڼˣҶغܿģ󻨹һһͷȻƨһˡ
Ҷأ
飺
ˣǲܴˡҶС˵ȥҷŸ磡
Ҷһ̤Ժžͺ½̣½үүڼҷŸ磡Ÿ磡Ÿ磡
Ҷص䣬¥ϴĽŲСһ½ſ̺Ÿ磡
½дЩЦ⡣
ҶغŸ磬棡
½ŵͷ¥һܵҶߣҶʣŸ磬ˣ
½ŵͷ
ҶþˡҶ˵
½죬ʱƳҶԱվһСŮתͷȥСŮССģ۾СԲԲģɺÿˡ
ҶקקС֣˵飬зŸ硣
黽һŸ硣
½ɫ˲һתߡ
飺


27 
½ɫ˲һתߡ
飺
Ҷأ
鲻תͷҶ, Ҷ½ź, һ·šŸ磬Ÿ硱˶᷿, ѯ½ŵϧ½ſеòԽԽãرáſС, ߵ½ǰ˵Ÿ磬á
½ŲдŲˡ
Ҷ½ŽܣСùõŮ, С, ŸҲԽġ

Եġ

Ÿ, ԺҲŸ磬òã
á
½ֱӾܾ
Ҷһ㶣ÿСȵģƬ֮󣬸ɴ˵, ͲŸˣԺҽŸ磬½磬𣿡
½ſҶء
ҶϢڴ۹½, ½Ųͬ, ˵, Ҹ磬Ҳ𣿡
½ŵͷ
Ǿͺ½磬Ȼ磬Ҷ֪Ǻ˭ˡ
½ٴεͷ
ҶһЦˣ˶ɶˡ
½졣
Ҷ֣˵飬½硣
ղű½ͻȻһŵˣڲҺˣҶغһź½硣
½һ
Ҷվм䣬ĵ˵ˣڿʼǺˣ
½ţ
飺
½ûʲôӦҶ½ѯʣŸ磬Ǻǲǣ
½ŵͷ
Ҳ棬òã
½ٴεͷ
Ÿ磬Сãһúãòã
½ššһ
Ҷ³׷ˣһСĨһСͷϵĺ˵һ䡰ѽۻˡһһûͣЪţ½һ沣飬һ½ţһ飬½ſҶأĬؾչ飬ͯʱ䣬豾Ҷغ鿴
˵磬½ڻ
Ҷ˵š
۾½Ż磬̫
Ʋʡ
ӡ

ֻ
ԡ
磬Ҳử𣿡
һġ
ҲҺ𣿡
ð
Ҷ½ҪǦʺͰֽСֽ߬Ǧʣ˵߻Ȼһ̫ٻһٻһӣٻһŸ磬ٻһ飬ٻһңٻһڣٻһ󻨹ˣ
һͯȤĶͯɣһӣԱһǰվŵԱվֵĺӣҶָűһʻ˵飬㡣
鿪ĵЦˣҰ
ǰҶʣ飬续ĺÿ𣿡
رÿ
Ҷظ˵ذԼĻø½ſʣŸ磬㿴һĺÿ𣿡
½ָԱ𣬿Լǡˡˣʣʲô
Ҷһһܣǰ
ǣ
ţ飬ңǷŸ㰡һġҶؽʣÿ𣿡
ÿ
ﲻÿˣ
½ùƤеġ顱ĸɸɾȻһһģһġ顱ڴںʹ󻨹ߣ˵ÿ
Ҷأ
飺
Ҷתͷʣ飬ÿ𣿡
ͷÿ
Ҷһ¾Цˣ˵Ÿ续ľǺÿ
ͷš
һյ½Ÿǰ½Żľ½ŲˣҶؾŶͯ飬ƴ½źˣ½̫̫͹̣һᶯһ˲顣
½鶼棬ʵҶҲ棬һʱ¥ķס辭ڼңһ˷ڼÿ쿴һӣſڴǰհװ׵Ʋʣһʱ侭¥ĸ沣飬Ȼܺһ棬ſڴǰԺ졣
ܿأҲѧ沣飬Сʦһ½ź沣飬½ź鵽Ǻӣѧ֮ңҶشſʼ˵ʼЦ
Զ½̫̫½үӿӿĵˣر½ţԸо½ŵı齥ѿһ죬ҶһһսУϲؿ½ţֿҶأĶϲ
ҶضԴȴһ֪Ҳǵһβ飬Сͨ죬оȣ·ԼǺɫ£ֻüţ鶼۵Ĳˣ˲ԺڵĵЪһʱ⴫Ҷʢĺ
Ҷأ飡
ҶغһӦ
ҶʢЦ߽
Ҷغүү
Ҳźүү
ҶŤͷ˵㲻ǽүүǽү
æĿڣغү
Ҷʢ½̫̫½үӶЦˡ
ҶʢҶأʣˣ۲ۣ
ҶغٺЦ
Ҷʢתͷ飬ʣ۲ۣ
Сַߣе㺦ߵ˵Ҳۡ
Ҷʢʣүؼң
תͷҶأŲССܵҶߣ˵ؼҡ
ҶŤͷ˵үүؼҡ
һ䣺үүؼҡ
ү
ү
ԣǻؼҡҶ֣½˵Ÿ磬ҪˣȻؼˡ
½Щᡣ
Ҷ˵㣬һСƼ
½ڵͷ
Ҷغ½̫̫½ү˵ټһҶʢߣ·ҶغҶʢ˵ʲôĿʹˣʹˣ˳죬תͷʱ·ͣ²ӣסС˵飬㲻·ᶳġ
˵磬ȡ
һ̣ȻҪġ
ȡ
Ǹһ㣬ˣòã
á
Ҷذһ룬Ȼ˵߰ɡ
ظҶߡ
Ҷʢߣһ̧ͷԺڵҶϼɫ̲ˣŮǱӹƻˣҶأЩ˸Ҷصĺã˭Ҷصĺã˭ҲҶӵˣ˭ӣϲ˭ҶϼصңкϴֳԷ
극֮Ҷϼϴ룬Ҷʢϴȥ᷿ʰһ̳ҶϼĸŮ˯ʰ֮ͶҶϼ˵ʰˣ˯᷿
á
Ҷʢûٶ˵
ҶؿҶʢֿҶϼ̫׹ùúүү֮䷢ʲô飬Լое㲻ԾȥҶϼ˯󣬱ŴںҶʢһСƼ׽ֽѴţǣԺϣһ˳ʼˮүүɫˣźүү˵ʣүүôˣ
Ҷʢ˵ûô
үүһ
ҶʢеҶϼСһ˵䡰үү족֪ΪʲôƲסЦЦ֮ҶʢҶص˵үүе
Ϊʲô
Ϊùá
Ҷ룬ʣүүǲǹùҲϲѽ
ҶʢҶ˳ͷûлشҶصĻҲ֪ôͺ˵⣬ֻתƵһ˵Ҷͷˣүүһɺã
ҶصעһӱƫˣСԼͷͷ˵á
ϴϴ˯ͷ
š
ҶҶʢϴ֮Ҷʢһˮ䣬öͯ˪ҶͿһͿСȻҶЬϴţҶʢҲЬӣ֪ԼӴ̫ˣŮЬ̫ˣ֮ѵһֻһֻôЬѲ۵ֱ
ڽЬҶأæܵҶʢǰ˵үүҰѰ
ҶʢʣôѰ
ҰΰҶֻС첲ҶʢЬӣСٺѽѽغţ˵үүҲ
үүˡ
ѽ

үĶԻ䣬մ᷿ҶϼߵſڣľҶظҶʢЬӣڰεʱҶһƨڵϣһ¸ÿˣҶظ˵ҶʢЬӷŻԭأҶʢҶתϵ࣬ʣˤûУ
ûСҶСüͷ˵үүЬӺѰΰ
ҶʢЦǺǵ˵ǰ´үүЬӡ
ţ´βЬˡ
ǿʼϴš
ϴš
үһϴˮСŵŵϴţõҶصƤСˮ˵үү㿴ҵĽ㣿
ҶʢЦ˵񣡡
үүĽҲ㣬㣡
ʲô㣿
ҵС㣬С׷㣬
ҶС˵ͣҶʢĹЦҶϼҶأֿҶʢĺþúþöûпְôЦҲ̫ûпְôлˡðְֿĹ绰ͶɿĶǰְֶݵЦݣܸǰְֵĹµ
еΪ˴ž֪ģĩ˿ܾǹµɣڰְָı뷨ԣҶظı뷨
ûĩһ˵ĩˡǡˡ˵ģҲǡˡġ
ʻİְ֣Ҷϼ۾΢΢һȣٿССҶأÿҶЦЦůֺÿϲؿţ޷ְңҶͦãҶҲҪְֵ飬ʵͦõģԺһһϾδ֪
̤ҶҶʢЦҶϼ뿪ſڣת᷿һۿſڴϳ»СѾأ̺飡
ϴ
ҶϼϽǰΪСţʣ´ʲô
Ťͷ˵裬Ҹ硣
ڼأĶȥ
Ǹ磬Ҷظ硣׸磬Ҷء
Ҷϼһ㶣飬ŮС׸ҪҶأСҶ󰡣̲סʣϲҶظ磿
ͷ۵ģϲġ
ǳҶϼϣҪ֪ϲ˻֮٣Ҷϼʣ裬ϲҶظ
ҶظãÿҶظǳԣ棬ϵЬƻԣҶظúãϲҶظ档
ҶϼĬһ飬Ҷ棬ûһ˯ˣŵϣӴֻͨһ룬˵磬ҾҶͦõġ


28 
Ҷϼ䣬˶˴һߵ, Ҷΰ, ҶΰҶϼȻͷ˵ˣһ߹һѵҶϼ, ҶϼűţһСʱعϵ绰
ڴ, Ҷϼȥò˯һ, Ҷϼǰ, ŸүḻӪ緹
һ, ͸ܵůģƿһڵͷ̲ˡƬͰײ˳⣬ȻүΪģôԷء
ɺ߳, Ժļţ͹͸λˣȴûпүӣһ֡
û˾Ӧ
֡
ûӦ
ְֲڣҶӦڰɣ߽Ҷʢķ, һһСĴϿһ, ҶضˣҪ뿪ʱ, ƳǽϹƴĸֽзڵǰɫСǮޡǦʡӣ̵ĸ
̲סǰػܣӸֶ궼ûб䣬ȴΪЩӵĶЩů⡣һָ񱾣ŤŤдšҶء֣۵ĺܡ
Сӣһŵĺ֡Сˡүֵȵȣ淭ҳͣһҳϣ߷Χڶǡ衱֡
ҶϼҳʱƳͬһҳϵĸдĲǡ衱Ǳʻĸ֣дŤŤе̫С
ͷϸǡҺ㡱ĸ֣Ǹ롱ϽǵġĿһᣬӵһһ㣬һ´٣ʱģߡ
òŷ±ӣӷٴκ֣֡ӦʱԺڵСڹȻվҡβͳԺܣžҶ˷ܵڣڣһˣһ
ҶϼϽߣһۿűⵣҶʢͱŴڵҶأҶʢҶϼأûôҶϼҶظ˵ؿھͺùãϺð
ҶϼûгջҲû̻ӦҶأòӦҶεЩ֪룬ϰԵԼںҶʢ˵үүǡǵˣ
šҶʢ̻ӦҶأʣ㱧۲ۣ
۵ġ
Уͱһϰ
á
ҶظҶʢԺӣҶط´ھȥݷץιСƼҶʢѱⵣǽǣһʵ⣬ȻŮǸøŮӲ͵ģһҲ٣žиĸ˼ɡ
Ҷϼֽӹ⣬ʣ֣һȥĶˣ
Ҷʢش𣺡ȥˡ
ڻв𣿡
ҶʢޱؽͣɽֵһЩ˺ҰˣҲû٣ÿһ롣
ҶҲȥˣ
š
춼ô𣿡Ҷϼȵʡ
š
ôСô硪
С˯ãҶʢΪҶϼҪ˵һЩĻ˺ҶأɵþͰθҶϼҲΪ̫ˣҶأҶʱҶͷͰ͵ؿϽ˵û¶Ҷأι
ҶؼιСƼ
Ҷϼֻðѻ¶ȥ˽Ҷʢ˵ЩʲôҶʢҶϼؽ˳ʼˮˮҶϴͷҼ·ҶΧţóԸҶؼһݲķ֪ͣǲү⣬֮񱻴ڿеһҪֵߣŲ
Ҷϼ̲ס˵֣ްɣ޺ÿ㡣
ޡҶʢ
Ҷϼ
ҶʢŻԭλʱھæӦһͳȥˣԺֻҶءҶϼҶϼûüúõغү˵仰ʱ᷿ĺ裬ˣ衣
ˡҶϼӦһ᷿ܽʼ鴩·˯ҶϼſڵҶغ󣬵۾磡
Ҷϼ̧۳ſڿһۿҶſſڣ̽һСССԴĿ⣬Ͻ˻ȥҶϼúЦ־ЩɬҶء
Ҷٴ̽СԴҶϼùá
ҶϼЦ˵úء
ҶŴſ߹ߵҶϼǰ
ҶϼЦʣҶأϳԷ𣿡
Ҷصͷˡ
Ա𣿡
Աˡ
ùøԣòã
áҶعԹԵ˵
裬Լ⡣ʱ˵
Ҷϼ߸鴩·˵үûм⡣
ԡ
ҶϼתͷҶأʣҶأԼ𣿡
Ҷ̵ͷҡͷ
һͷһҡͷһӵת䣬ҶϼˣЦ˵һùøȥ
ҶϼһЦüۼҶʢҶﲻɵþɺܶ࣬˵һ䣺ùãгϲ򵽼⡣
𣿡Ҷϼ˵֪гĶ𣿡
֪춼үүȥг
춼үүȥгˣҶϼ˳˵
ţһүүһȥղˣղ˿׬Ǯ
ôСղˣ۲ۣ
ۣϲүүȥгˡ
Ҷϼζӳ£֪ԼôˣΪԼǸĸףΪҶСֶӣҲΪҶ̫ˣҶأɵö˵һùȥòã
áҶصͷ
ԡҶϼҶصԴ
Ҷ̧۾һҶϼСһ죬ԹԵվߣ˵飬𶯣Ȼô·
ã磬Ҳ
ţԡ
Цˡ
ҶϼҲ¶Цݣ鴩·᷿򵥵س緹Ҷʢûлȥг˾򲻵ˣһ仰ҶʢҶغȥгϣ򼦡ˮŸൽҶؾ˵ùãصģҰţҰš
Ҷ⺢̫ůˣҶϼô⺢ôصĶæ˵ããùþˡ
ðɡҶתͷסС˵ùãˡ
УǸùãܡ
ţүү˵ܵĻץˣᱻġ
ԣҾˡ
š
ҶϼӴгߵ˲н֣Ǻ«޻ǡըȵȣС˵ԣҶʣ飬ĸ
磬Ҷԡ
ܶԵģ̫ˡҶС˵СӳԶˣǶǻۡԼҲǸСӡ
ǸԡѾĭˡ
ǡǡҶشӿڴͳҶʢոһǮ˵ǡǸ޻ǣ㲻ҪԱ˺òãֻһǮ
ͷ
ҶغҶϼ˵Ҫ޻ǳԣõӦתһǮȥ޻ǣ޻ҪǮһ䣬˵޻壬ֻһǮܸܲСһ㣬Сһóԡ
޻ǵЦûмô˵Сӡ
Ҷϼ̲סЦˣҶǺ«޻Ǻը֮Ҷϼû̻ؼңǴҶͯװ꣬ѡ״װ˫ЬӣҶԣҶ·ʣùãҪ·𣿡
Ҷϼ˵ǰ
ùãΪʲôҪ·ѽ
Ϊù׹ùð
ǹùáù㲻𣿡
˭˵ùˣùϲ㰡Ҷϼڳ㣬ĺϲҶӣҶʲôҶضûд
ùϲ
Ҷ۾Ҷϼ
ҶϼҶصС˵ҶôãùõȻϲҶˡ
춼ϲҵġ
Ҷϼӣģ֪ͺദҪģҲĵغҶ˵ΪùûкҶദҶദˣҶرϲԹùôӽ쿪ʼϲҶˣ𣿡
ֶһϲˣҶؿĵЦˣЦĸã·綼ˣصصͷ˵ԣҴӽ쿪ʼҲϲùá
áҶϼЦˣ·ùø·
Ҫ··Ҷ·ùġҶسϵĺɫ˵·ʮſǮùġ
ûϵùǮ·
ǡǺðɡҶҲʹӦˣһס
ҶϼչҶ·ףѡ׺˫ЬӣȻҶ鳯ߣصʱҶʢûлҶϼʵڿȥҶʢҶؼͷˣ¸Ҷϵһ·ʼҶͷ˵Ҷأ𶯣ùøͷ޺ÿһ㡣
Ҷصͷá
˵𶯣ôͷ˰
ҶϼºͣҶظ֪̲סٺЦˡ
һԵҲźٺЦ
ҶϼŤͷ˵СѾͷЦʲô
Цģμˡ
ҶϼûٹŮҶر𶯣żظҶͷҶصһҰСĽģùüͷүүͷһ㶼һùõֱүүϸһ㣬Ķͷʱ۵ģŹùͷÿİΪֶһϲ
ǽסһˣҶϼžӶҶأʣÿ𣿡
Ҷ˵ȿˣÿ
ҶϼЦſŮһۡ
Ҷضž󿴿ҿеɬصͷ
ҶϼҲһ䣺Ҷسúãôÿ
ҶʢûôҶأҶ˼ˣӵС֣ȥǺ«޻Ǻͼ
Ǻ«˵Ҳԡ
Ҷ˵ȲԣүүˣүүˣٸŸˣٳԡ
Ҳˡ
ԣûϵģСԳԡ
Ҷһ飬鰺СŴͽӼһԵҶϼʮοҶĲҶΣһҲļȻÿǺʹһ˵ȴ£ҲûҶôչ˹ˡ
˵ҶغһһůģͰְһͦõģôţԺˣתͷȥҶʢ̺֡
ҶʢӦһתͷԺιԼҶأҶؿҶʢ˷ܵغүү
ҶʢһЦˡ
ҶظϽүүȥĶˣôȥôð𣿹ùø˼Ǻ«޻ǣҸˣ
ҶһҶʢͶ
Ҷʢûлشһ䣬ҶѾתܽ䣬ٳʱ򣬻ﱧ·ЬӣÿջǺ«޻ǺͼޣױƵ˵үү㿴·ЬӡӣǺ«޻ǡǹùøģù˵ù˵ϲң
ԣҶʢҶϼ
ҶϼתͷҶʢһ࣬㱻ҶΰƫˣֱϿҶصġ㡱һԼҶصгһȦȷʵԼ뷨Ǿ֧үӡ
Ҷΰ˵үʹˣҶ׸ʵүҶغ״̬ԽԽáҶΰ˵үʹˣ˵ˣ޳Ҳʱ򡣲ΪͲȥúû˰
ǻڵ£δɵ¹ģŬˣ޾δ
ҶϼҶʢ˵֣ͦϲҶصġ
Ҷʢһ㶡
Ҷϼ˵һ䣺Ҷذɣúøͦõġ
Ҷʢˡ
ҶҲˣؿҶϼ


29 
ʵҶʢҶ˵үүĶ, Ķļ, ˭˵Ķһ·, ͳͳǲͬͻȻһͬĴڣһε, ˵
ؿҶϼֿ֮ҶʢҶʢ֪ŮܵӵĹƻ, ҪŮ, û뵽ŮҶ, ŵʣϼ˵ʲô
Ҷϼ˵֣֧Ҷء
Ҷʢ˻ٴοǻ粻Ǻ˵
֣Ǵ, ң㣬ǶԼ뷨ҲԼ뷨ǶҪزǰҵİ
ҽ𣿡ҶʢЦ˵ûôĻ
Ϊ̵İ
ôûѧ
ᵽҶΰҶ, ҶʢƱҪһ, Ϊֹү仯, Ҷϼ̽һ䣺ΪұȽϴ֣˵ǲǣ
ӲܶڸĸԶǺӣҶϼôƤһʣҶʢһЦˣ˵ԣġ
ҶϼĵЦ
һЦոɣҲŷ֪ЦʲôظŴЦˡ
ʱҶҲ˵ˣŻ·ЬӺСԣֺҶʢ˵үү㿴㿴Щǹùøģ·˫ЬӣлǺ«޻Ǻͼүү㿴Ǻ«޻ǺͼԣرҧүүԳԵģүүңҿ챧ˡ
ҶʢϽֽӹоģҶϼ˵ôҶôණ
·˫Ь𣿡
ǮҶʢֿʼ¶֪ҶϼӣأҶϼ໨ǮǴ¶ͳһǮûҪҶϼҶϼ˵ʲôҪת˳ʼ
ҶʢֻðǮǰջҶԺĵϳǺ«İ봮ˣҶ˵磬һԡ
ҶذԼǺ«ԡ
ָŲݷ磬ﻹһ
ǸܳԣǸǸŸġ
Ÿġ
飬㲻ܽзŸ磬½硣Ҷؾ顣
ԹԵظĿڣ½硣
ԣǳԺ緹ǾǺ«ȥòã
áɴӦ
ǴǺ«ˣһǳԷòã
á
ԣ
š
ҶذԼǺ«ַָһ룬ڴڸǰɹ̫СƼæµҶϼҶϼæµߺҶʢ˵ϵ¶˵Ҷص¶
Ҷʢ˵ڿɱǰöˣչ˵Ķ࣬˵СѧҪѧѣͽһЩӷѾˣСƼݫһչһǧǮǷծһʹǮҶѧȻ׬˶٣ÿ춼׬㣬ٳɶ࣬СѧҪ˶Ǯ湻ѧдѧѧѡ
Ҷϼ˵ѧԼѧУѧʲôģ껹Ͼˡ
ѧ𣿡Ҷʢ̫
ܵģҶôѧϰ϶ãҲ϶ϡ˵ܵһʽѧء
Ҷʢˣ˵һ䣺ãǰûѧѧģҲʱҲڹҸ˻ǵЩˣϴλһء
ҶʢһŰģҶϼС֪ģҲӰ죬Ҷʢô˵ЦˣͬҶʢ˵Щֵص¶һˣҶϴֳԷٷļḻ⵰˽УɫζȫΧСҪԷʱҶΰˣûнԺţֱӺҶϼȥ
ҶϼһҶʢվҶغͬʱҶϼ麰裬ȥĶ
Ҷϼ˵ȥһ£͸úóԡ
á
Ҷϼ߳ԺӣʮҶϼֻ
Ҷʢʣʲô
Ҷϼֽ˳ҲҶϵģش𣺡ȥ緹
ʲô緹ǲġ
Ҳͺǰ˵Ĳ࣬ҾܾˡҶϼЦǺǵ˵꣬Ҷʢпյõĺ⣬˵֣ģز֧ġ
ҶʢһȴΪŮֶ֧ԾðģͷԺ⣬Ҷϼֽ̧ȷֱиҶغ顣
ͳԣҶһ£̧Ҷϼ
ҶϼЦ˵԰û¶ģԵ㡣
ҶصͷҧһڼȣŸոչùòϵȳԣүүһãﲻɵþͿһС̡
̣
극֮Ҷ̵ģҪҶϼϴ룬˵ǰһʱ粻ǳ̷棬Լϴ룬ϴģҶϼ۾ˣûϴ룬飬÷ϴС֣ɰҶظ˻ˡ
˵ҶԺӶЩ㵸ݷݶϲһǺ«ͻȻ뵽½ţҪȥ½ţҶʢ˵ȥ𣿡
Ҷصͷ
Уȥһõɽүү
үүҪȥɽ𣿹ùҲȥ𣿡
ţ쵽ˣүүùҪյֽǮһϴȥɽ£֪Ķɣ
֪ǸСӾ̵ļҡ
ԡ˺ð
֪ˣһҴȥɽม
š
Ҷ޻ǡǺ«Сֳ½żߣ·һСʱŲ鿴öóԵģ˵磬
кöԵģˡ
Ų
Բ𣿡
ԡ۰Ͱ͵ؿűꡣ
ҶؾеˮҲԣһǮžͻһǮԺ󶼲ˣԺĶ˵Ǻðɣ򡣡
ҶؽһǮڲûлҪڱ껨ˣС֣ˬֹ·Լܲ¿Ƶģ½żңֺ½Ű鳯ɽϵš
˵ţ磬Ҫ
ҶغţҵɽϾͳԡ
ĭ˵磬ھ
ҶؼţڱԣԶ·ˤӣˤӻۣۿ޵ģڲԣú·ɽһԣһԳóԵģòã㿴ڶܵǰ棬ܿȥ׷òã
áӦ
Ӧĺúãһ˵磬
Ҷؼš
½Ա߿š
һֱţҶ½Ű嵽˾ɽɽʱҶʢҶϼҶ̫̫ǰܵǰʱҶʢҶϼæᣬûҶϼˣҶغ½ȴˡ
½תͷһĹû
ҶҶʢǰڻ׷ĹĴ壬Ҳ֪ʲôСԼܵһƳУĹĹүү
Ҷʢ˵̿ĸͷ
ҶϼҲ˵飬ȥ͸һѿĸͷ
ԹԵߵҶظǰ½Ҳǳ۵ҶظǰӶŷĹ֣صؿһͷʱҶʢҶϼ϶û˱˵ı飬ųͷҪȥԱֲˡڲˡ
Ҷ֪Ķֲڲˣһǰǰȥ
ҶϼסҶء
ҶػͷҶϼùá
Ҷϼʣʲô
Ҷػش𣺡ȥֲڲˡ
ҶϼЦˣùڣֲڲˣȥȥɡ
ҶسɵؿҶʢҶʢЦ˵ȥɡ
Ҫȥˣүү۵ġ
ҶʢЦᣬڲ٣۵ġ
Ҷϼ˵ȥɣһֺòˣȥ㡣
ҶŴӦȻ½šһɽСССŮɽҶ½žʹڰɽᵹϡ
ʼûǣ磬ҳ
мҶأѺ޻ǡ̶˳ƽֳݣָһǺ«½˵Ÿ磡ģ
½ſǺ«
Ҷ˵԰
½ʣ𣿡
Ҷ˵ҳʣµĶˡ
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ҶҲԣҧһС
鿴˵磬ҲǺ«
Ҷؿ½š
½û˵ԣҲû˵
Ҷԥһ£д˵Ÿ磬ҲóһòãССĻһ㡣
½ŵͷִǺ«ߣһݸ顣
Ǻ«ֺ硣
ҶŤͷ顣
磬˺
Ҹ˺
磬һ޻ǡ
á
磬Ҳһ
š
Աߵ½ֱֱؿҶأȵҶ֮ʱǿҶغм䣬һ̧ͷ½ţգԲ۾СԴԽ½ţ硣
Ҷ˵û¶Ƕ԰ɡ
ͷ˵á
鿴Աŵ½ţˣسĶ½ŷǳĵм䣬תͷҶأҶרĳʳҲͷԣӳǺ«޻ǡʼһС챻ĺͨͨģͣģͣ
Ҷغһ˵
½Ű̵ݸҶء
״˵½磬Ҳ̡
½ܣ̶ݸ飬鱧̾Ͳ˵ˣ½źҶһ̣ԶԶŨŨĴ⣬ƣɽ´ţһ
Ҷؽܴţ~~
һѧһ~~
Ҷأ~~~~
飺~~~~
½ţ
ҶŤͷ½˵Ÿ磬Ҳѧţа
½˵ѧ
㲻ᡣ
һᡣ
һһǶţţˡ
С
һ
½ŲǸ߰ĺӣеĺһϲȻϲţУҶѧʵѹֲסĳЩСţҶظ췢һ
½һ£һȻǳ׼Ѿǳѵˣ¿ͷѣһͷˣܶȻ
Ҷ˵Ÿ磬еģ~~
飺~~
½ţ~~
ɽµĴţһ
Ҷ½衣
ţǺǱһ£ٴһ
Ҷһ衣
˷Σţˣ
Ҷ˾ԼʤˣЦҶظǶɽ˵ƣвɣԡ
ϲģҶأžͳɽ£ԡ
Ҷأԡ
һԵ½ſҶŹżĴţԣģֿɰÿĲˣ½죬סˣЦˣһֱرЩ泩ôҶ֡
ֱɽ´ܺõظҶ鳯ɽܣܵɽʱҶʢҶϼﶼŲˣȻǣŴţ
ҺҶ½ڼǰƿǡҶϼҪʼҶʢҶϴ·ҶʢãҶϼֻգ顣
Ҷ½һʣ裬ʲô
Ҷϼ˵ߣǻؼˡ
Ķңʡ
Լҡ
һˡ
ҶҲˣʣùãҪˣ
Ҷϼ˵ǰ
Ҷ᲻ãϲùãϲ룬ϲе˶һ衢үүŸ硢ùá顢½үү½̶һһӶһһӶֵһؿʣùãܲ𣿡
ҶϼЦˣ˵ܰ
Ϊʲôܰ
ΪùõļҲﰡ
ù㲻ܰѼҰǶһ𰡡
ҶϼЦˣЦůůģ߹ҶصСԴ˵ڲܰﰡΪùҪϰ࣬Ҫ׬Ǯܺúõùȥϰ࣬ȷż֮󣬹ùþүүòã
Ҷ֪Լ˵ҲûãŹùãʵףΪʲôôӣΪʲôһ׬ǮҪأΪʲôϲԼԸ飬벻ףôкöࡰΪЩΪشˡԡҲ׼ȷġΪֻܲصͷ
ԣҶغúõسɳֵسɳҶϼ˵ȵڵʱ򣬹ùùӳԣʱùס졣
Ҷصͷ
ҶϼοˣСҪߣ˦Ҷϼ֣һ˵Ҷػ
Ҷһ
½Ҳ¡
Ҷϼʣ飬ʲôǻؼҰ
໴ޣҲؼңҪ͸һ棬ҲؼңְѽҲؼңְѽҪ͸һ𡣡
ҶأźšְѽҲؼҡͦ˸е¶ҶʢҶϼǱЦˣһҶϼ飬һѣĨҶϣҶؾǲ֡
Ҷϼ
Ҷʢ
½ţ
Ҷأ


30 
Ҷ޴ؿҶϼ
ҶϼԽǺ飬Խǿ޺šְѽ, Ҳؼѽ, ְѽҪѽ, ҶʢʮֲؿҶϼҶϼҶʢɻ˵, һְѽְ־ʲôӦˡԲŲѽǺְѽ
ҶʢЦãҲ岻顣
Ҷϼ, 鱧Ҷرĸ, ˵ʲôҪ͸ֿ, ĩҶϼ˵飬ȰѸɿǽ첻ȥˣٻȥ
˲ֹޣתͷգԲͨͨ۾, ʣٻȥ
Ҷϼͷţˣòã
룬Ҫܳʱܵͷ˵á
˵, ʱ, ֪𣿡
֪ˡ
, һȥϴ
Ҳϴ
Уèϴɾ
ΪЦ
ҶϼҶȥϴϴ֮Ҷʢ˵ߣҶʢȻģʼʰһЩˡ硢ˡݫȵȣȵ󶼽ҶϼϼЩ˴ţʡĵˡ
ãɣҵ򡣡
ҪǮţǰֵģûлûũҩģõأ¸¾Ҫˣͷһڡ
СҶϼҲûƴǡ
Ҷʢִ¶ͳһǮҶϼ˵Ҷص·ǮиʳǮҶϼٴξܾˣҶʢϽȥ˯Ҳ˯
һ綼Ҷ½棬ȵ½ŻؼңҶ棬ĲԸҶطֿҶϼҶصĴϣҶҶϼֱҶʢҶʢᣬָи飬ҶԣرҶء
Ҷ۾ҶϼڻƵĵƹ£Ҷϼϱһů⣬ϸĹâÿˣҶתͷ飬Ҷϼ
ֿҶϼһᣬӲɵô̲סѧ飬ûôŵÿСذСҶϼļͷϣһ𿴹£ŵҶϼζܵůů£뵽衣
ϵζҲģζУ֮ҶϼŲҶغ鶼˯ˣԱߵҶʢ˵֣˯ɣҴ᷿˯ˡ
ҶʢæҪ˵
ˡҶϼϽ˵ұöö˯˯ɡ
Ҷϼ˴һѽ鱧Ҷʢ˳ƸҶҴҴӣҶضˣһ̧ۿҶϼë£˵ϼɾɵ¶˰
ҶϼͷһۣЦ˵ûҲǾɵģʽİеġ
ʲôУҿߡҶʢƶ˵
ҶϼЦˣ˵֣˯ɣһͻȥˣϰࡣ
ãϸ㷹ԡ
ȥ緹Ծˡ
緹ҪǮֲָ
òã治ã˯һ
ûϵҲҪ
ǱˣҴҶȥС

ǵڶ컹ûʱҶϼոŵƫζְֵ׻緹̾ϢһȥһҶҲˡ
ùáҶظ˵غ
Ҷϼȵ˵Ҷأôô磿
Ҫүүһȥ˰
㲻𣿡
춼ôġ

ҶϼĵؾҶذһ㺢ӶҪ̫ˣҶز֪ôģֻ֪ùÿˣĵ˵ùãԷԷ
Ҷϼ߹
ҶʣأòԷ𣿡
ҶϼЦ˵Ȼֿ֣һҪߵʱùٺ
Ǻðɡ
ҶعԹԵڰǰүүùó緹緹ŸҶϼ飬Ժ飬ҶʢҶһԺӣ·ߵ
Ҷʢ׼õĲ˵ݸҶϼһЩҶϼͷֺҶʢ˵һЩעĻҶأҶؿھ˵ùãม
Ҷ˵ǡҶϼЦˣ˵ðҶҪúúүүһม
Ҷصصͷ
ҶϼЦҶصͷʱˣҶϼһֱһˣͣ˲ʮӾˡ
ҶϼڳǰҶʢҶػ֣ſڳϿֱҶغҶʢˣջĿ⿴飬ղˣ˿˯ţԼʮӣٴԵɵɵؿҶϼ衣
ҶϼӦ
أ黹Ҷأô氡
үȥˡ
תͷԲ۾ãʣȥĶ
Ҷϼ˵ȥİְѽ
ҵİְ֡
ԡ
û˯һ㣬˵һ䣺裬Ұְˡ
ְ˰һǾְܼˡҶϼʣҪҪˮ
Ҫ˵
ãүרŸװ˱±ˮҶϼִӰȡ±򿪽飬ԼҧܺȣҪʱƳһĨɫ϶һͣͳһһֵһٵǮʱ򻹺һ㡣
ӦүӸű±ʱŵģһһŵؽǮֱˣһе㲻ζпԼëϵա
ͻȻүϵǾ䡰ʲôУҿߡ̲סϽֲᣬ黹ǷˣСŶͯ±ʣ裬ôˣ
Ҷϼûش
ʣ裬ôѽ
Ҷϼ˵Ϊİְˡ
һʱûзӦİְ˭Ҷϼر飬תͷ⣬ɽгķ򣬾ɽгϴʱæµʱҶʢˣҶæ˴к
Ů˺ñ⣬Ҷػ˲ۣҶΪҶؿɰҶʢĲȻֻҪһҶʢ׷׹ˣ˳Ҷ졣
СҶأĲ˲İһ΢ֵŮ˵

΢Ů˵
Զġ
Ϊʲôأ
㣬үү۵ġ

ڻСһٳһ㣬һ㣬Ҳģҳ˳ˣǶĲ˰
㳤ˣǾ˰
ģԺ󳤸ӣ䣬ǾͲˡ
ֻǸӣ䡪ôůĵĻһȺ˷Ӻ·˶ЦЦҶЩ˼վҶʢȥˡ
ҶʢЦ˵ˣˣǻؼҰɡ
ҶصͷԱߵĲ˷˵ټñļ״æ˵һ£СҶأ˵ǼҵСƼңôûд
Ҷ˵õǳһ㣬Ȼġ
Уǵøñʮֻ
ʮֻҪһٿǮġ֮ǰҶʢͺҶˣСƼĻͰСƼĴСڵгʮǮֻСƼһٿǮǶʮֻСƼ
У㡣ñ¶ͳոµһٿǮҶأҶתͷҶʢ˵үүǹñͶʮֻСƼม
ҶʢЦ˵ȰǮñ壬ȼǮһֽǮһֽ
ҶؾҶʢ˵еְǮ˴ñģ⻹Ҷغ˷ܣؼҵ·ϣСҶʢ°ڣ˵˵үүǵСƼȥ˰
ǵġ
ɡ
еġ
Ϊʲôѽ
ΪСƼ̫СˣھȥĻչ˲ܾǷڼһʱ䣬Ļ۸һ㣬ɻҲһ㡣
һʱĻСƼҲƿˡ
ԣʱǾнֻСƼˡ
öడҶظ˵˵үүԼҲСƼòãι
ð
Ҷһ¾͸ˣСקҶʢ°ڣҡͷԵţСﻹŻ÷ϷΪ԰˭ϻʰ״Ԫ״Ԫۣñ幬ۣţ
⳪ĻǡۡҶʢҲҶˣĵĳҶʢҲܣҶҲĻ·˵ע⡣
·Ƿ׷׿Ҷأ˵ǿʼҶгɼôҶôСĺӣҶʢˡֲˡղˣԽԽָҶˣҶһ򲻹ˣ߸ϲˣ衢үүùáŸ硢顢½үү½̣Ѿܶˣˣ
ĵظҶʢصңһҶʢͽҶϼ绰ʣϼ㵽𣿡
ҶҶϼǿҶʢ˵ĻҶʢŵ绰˵ЩǮҸġ

ûϵÿ춼׬Ǯء

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ģأҶҲԵĺܣᱻ۸ġ

Ҷʢϵ绰һתͷҶգ۾Լʣ㿴үүʲô
Ҷʣүүˣ
ûаҶʢֲһǵ۾
Ҷ۾ˡ
ûޡ
Ҷʢĺ̴ߣһֱ̫ĵطʯգ̴ҨһҨͳȼ
Ҷظʹһ׵ҶʢҶʣүү۾Ϊʲô찡
ҶʢҲûнҶǸӣֱӾ˵ˣΪùð
ΪʲôҹùðùòǸ𣿡
Ҷʢ̾ϢһΪүүŮֻҪߣүүͻ
Ҷز̫
Ҷʢરવ̣Ժɹ·ҶصģŮϴģ˵ùӹĺడ
Ϊʲô
أûǮ
ûǮ׬Ҷ˵Ǯ׬һ׬ѽŬ׬Ǯ׬ǮǮˣǿ԰Źùð
ҶʢԿҶأǰûǮ׬׬һ׬ˣҲʲô⣬ûҪô۵ģֺҶĺദܿʵĶЦЦҶصԴ˵Ҷأүү۲۰
ۡ
ô粻𣿡
Ҳ˯簡
ѹ𣿡
Ϊʲôѹ
Ҷʢ룬˵㿴Ÿ磬ŸԵĺúȵĺôĺãǮܿӰʲôûУ㲻ѹ𣿡
Ҷ˵ѹзŸ簡ŸĶҵģŸҳԣŸһ𿴵ӰŸõѣ
˵ĶԣҶҲкöණֹۡƽ͡ůгóÿ־ǸҶѧġ
үүҺÿ𣿡
ÿ
䳬ÿҶе㺦Ϊ˻⺦˵һ䣺ŸҺÿŸÿģ
Ҷʢһں˵ÿġ
ҶˣҶʢɹ̫ɹůڵģ˵үү̫ůͰ
š
ҪȥŸһɹ̫
ȥɣŸһ顣
á
Ҷ̧ͳԺܣҶʢ㣬Ҷػһͷײһϡ
ӴСҶأǸʲô
Ҷ̧Сһ̾ϲغ壡ˣ


31 
岻Ǳˣϴ˵, ûг, ΪСҶСˣû뵽Ҷһ۾ϳ, ˵ĹЦСҶأ㻹ǵ尡
Ҷ˵ǵġ
ǵã
šҶصصͷ
, ҶصСԴǸɰСһ㣬үүڼ𣿡
ڰ, ɹ̫
Ǵȥүү𣿡
ð, 
ҶС, ӣ߰Ժߴүүүүˣ
Ժ̵ҶʢԺſڿ, һۿ𣬵Ѻ̴ʯͷһģĵ̲Ѻ̴Уӭ, ûпǻ, غˣҶð
úúáҶʢ̴, ʣͬ־緹𣿡
Ц˵緹ء
һ԰ɡ
˵˵¶Ҷ˵ŵһ䴿ţ̷ŵϡ
Ҷʢʣʲô¶
˵˵¶
˵¶
Ҷʢɫء
ҶҲ̧С֪үүõȥүү˵ҪȥеϲүүĲˣԺͿԶ׬һЩǮүүĲõģǳŵ˵壬㻹ҪүүĲ𣿡
ҶʢڣȻشҶˣǰ
Ҷʢ΢΢һ㶡
ҶؼʣҪٰ
˵ԽԽѽ
Ҷһ¿ˡ
ҶʢȴЩŵؿҶʢ˼Ҷʢ߲ͣˡװȥ߲ˮУרһȻררڷҶʢʵ߲ˡ֮ģ಻ÿ۸ֶĸߣ˹עġ
Ҳе㻳Լǲǹ˳˵뷨ڶϣ˷רϳִȻ˲٣вҲҪһ롣
ֹһ죬һ߲ˮоֱƴȻרҶʢĲˣ˵ȻζαȻľǲһ˳һգ϶óԵĲˣͰʣµĲһ룬ϵʱ򣬴ȻרѾտҲвϹ˿ǰѯʲҶ
ĵ˵š
ҶƶǶš
ҶʢЩŵʣˣ
ֹԤء
ԤҶʢ૵ظһ飬ʵһֱõĶֵǮǰҲ͸ѳԣΪҪҶأźƤó˽ﻹǾԼ߲ϲ̨棬ûҵôôͦΣֻû뵽ȻϲرǡԤ֣ǸߵţĴʶϣкһʱ仹֪ôĻ
³Ҷʢʵ˵ʵЦ˵Ҷ壬治֪Լ߲ж𣿡
Ҷʢ˵ûðɡ
̫ǫˣ˺Ͳ˵ģҴؼҵ˳ԣҼ˶ƽʱһͷأ
ôó𣿡
ȻóˣҲȷʵôȻ߲ȷʵζһЩԼƽʱͷιΪҲΪ˳ԣȲؿʣҶ壬в˲
а
ǶҰ𼱼˵
ɽأҲûжˡ
жҪ٣Ұڡʮֻ
ⲻ̫ðɣ
ûʲôõġЦ˵ԺǶҪˣҪڲҰڡ
̫㱦ʱˡ
ЦҶʢͣȻڻصλϰ߲࣬ˮУʵرУڻصλʲô߲ˮӵңΨһôǻԣԵĺˣ޲ʣÿԽڲ
Ҷʢ˵㲻ְ
Ҷظ˵岻֣峬ÿ
ҶأСҶأĳÿ𣿡
ҶصͷǳԼ֣ص˵ĳÿ
һ㣬᲻ÿأ
Ҷͷϸ룬Ȼش˵Ҳ֪
Ц˵㿴ÿÿв
Ҷصͷ
Уȥڲȥ
УҶ˵
Ϊʲôɺʡ
ҵҷŸ硣
Ÿ˭
ҷŸõĺѡ
ʵûжϲСӣСҶؾͲһ㣬ӵһκҶ˵ҶػػضкԽԽϲСҶأ֪СӶԻңϲҶض˵䣬˿ʣСҶ㻹õĺѰ
Ҷصصͷ
õĺѺһȥڲˡ
ҷŸ粻ڲ˵ġ
¡
Ҷһ룬˵еͷҶʢ˵һ֮󣬱ܵ½̫̫ң½̫̫½үӣǳòشк½̫̫½үһҶؾͿģΪ½ŲԽԽãҲΪҶ⺢С̫һĶĶů벻ϲѡ
˵Ҷ½ȥɽڲˣСͲӣȥҶõС֮󣬿ĵĲˣһ·Ϻ½˵ͣ
Ÿ磡СӺúð
š½֪СүүⶨҶõġ
ҶĿתضС˵ҿںööˣ
š
ںö˾ͿöǮ
š
öǮͿԸүү軨ùûҶͣһ£˵ԸŸ
Ÿ½ԿһҶأ֮Ҷرı·˵Сˤˡ
ãҺúߣҺͷŸһúߡ
š
Ҷذȵغ½һ̲סʣŸ磬ڲ𣿡
ᡣ½Żش
ãһڡ
һҶʢңȻҶʢһ˾ɽ£ҶʢһڲˣҶغ½Ҳһʼڡ
½ԴӺҶسΪ֮춼Ҷһ棬һɽ棬һɽ棬ҲҶʢҶڲˣˣһֱû˵ʱСӣڿˡ
½ɫһ࣬ɿˣСӾͲһˣͲ˳ɾ͸УҪڶʱҶͻȻ˵Ÿ磬ԣ
½ſҶء
Ҷ˵ҪѸġ
½ŲӴؾ
Ҷ˵Ÿ磬ԣԱߵġ
½űز
ҶֿڣŸ磬Ǹˡ
½ŸĶһ
Ҷؼ˵Ÿ磬òõĲԣá
Ҷػû˵½šžһѲԶһƫҶˣҶ£գ۾Զ
ѲӼȻٶ½ǰͷʾڳһˣ˵ˣ˺Ĳ˲һζģҪҪϲһѽһ¾֪ǲ˰
½űС
Ҷգ۾˵Ÿ磬㶼ңˣҲˣԼȥڲȥ
½ţ
˵Ҷת½ſʼˡ˵ȵܹϳĲˣ½ˣ½ſҶصСӰֿϵСӣٿҶصСӰ˺һҶضûлͷ
ӣѧҶصҶӣŵһԵζȷʵˣٴѧҶصӣڳһˣĵҶء
Ҷػͷ
½Űһ˵ݸҶء
Ҷ۾˵Ÿ磬ڶˣ
½졣
Ҷؿĵ˵ԣˡ
½ʣ㲻ˣ
Ҷ˵Ҳ
½
Ҷؽӹ½ŵݹˣʣŸ磬ҲˣƢม
½ŵͷ
ǻǺѡ
š
һڲˡ
š
ǿʼɡ
ʼ
˲һӵıŤֺͺˣһ𣬵ͷŸֲˣҶһ߽½һߺ½죬ȷ˵Ҷ˵½˺һԶҶʢҶء
ҶػͷӦүү
ںþ˰ȿˮҶȻǸҶʢɻҶʢû°Ҷظۻˣڣˮʳ̸Ҷزš
Ҷæ˵á
Ҷض²ӣҶʢʱﱧһͯ±½Աߵʯϣѱ±ݸ½˵Ÿ磬ˮ
½˵Ⱥȡ
Ⱥȡ
Ⱥȡ
ҶҲͲٿű±Ⱥڣٰѱ±ݸ½ţһ½̫̫Ϊн½ţӹ±غڣźҶһʯͷеɹ̫˳㿴ͬЪϢҶʢ
½ż𣬵ҶػҪ½Žһ飬˵ǲ˵ģ
½˵֪
㲻֪ҪǺܶˣ
Ҫܶࣿ
ŰҪҺүүĲ˶ģҺүүҲûжٲ˵ģֻһ㡣ȵҺүүɽɽֵĲˣʱ򣬿ȫȥʱҺүүǮˡ
š
ҺүүڶûǮǮ

ҺүүСƼǮˡ
СƼҪ½ʡ
ţҼкöСƼˡ
ܶǶ٣½ѵõڶκطʡ
Ҷ룬ش𣺡һֻŸ磬ҪСƼ𣿡
š½ŵͷҪСƼ
Ҷˬ˵԰øǮСƼСǮһֻˣҪʮǮһֻˣŸ磬Ǯ𣿡
½ţ


32 
Ҷؼ½Ųֿ˵Ÿ, ҪûǮĻ, ǷţǮٻ, òã
½ţ
𣿡Ҷʡ

ǡôأҶһգССԴŸСƼ, үү׬ǮǮôأСüͷһˡ
ʱ½ſǻˣǮ
Ҷ̿½ʣҪҼҵСƼ𣿡
½ŵͷ
ʮǮһֻҲҪ𣿡
š
ҶصĿնʱһɨ⣬ĵغ½, ԱʾԼʵںѵģŸ, ҸץСƼรף
½ųһ, ͷ
Ҷظ˼ˣ̲ס˵һ䡰ȥүү˵ȥתͷܵҶʢߣҶʢ˵үүŸҪǵСƼ, ѡֻĸŸร
ҶʢʣҪСƼ
Ҷصͷ
㲻͸
Ͱ
ǲǺ𣿡
ǰ
ôֻСƼأ
ΪСƼүүģҵѽүүҪ׬Ǯģ
ģ
šҶصͷ֮ʣүү𣿡
ԡҶʢЦ˵СƼүүģǾүү, ȵ´ٷʱ, үүҶصˡ
, үүҷŸСƼ𣿡
ԣҶʢն˵
ллүүҶظ˼ˣ˵үүһȥڲม
ȥɡ
ҶؿĵߣһԵ𿪿ʣҶ壬һСƼָƿǵСƼ𣿡
ǰ
ĸģ
ģҼֻĸġ
ΪԾҶ壬㻹
ֲʲô¡ҶʢЦЦ˵ǰûˮģԼСֻҪˣĸԼᱧѵģҲģǼＦԲ꣬ҾСһ
ץסؼʣʣҵļԲꣿ
Ҷʢ˵ǰ
ڻ𣿡
а
һ¡
Ǽļܷˡ
ڷСƼ֮ҶʢѾͨõƹռĹ۲취̭һδܾļڷ̣ͬյķ̭һ޷ʵַļܹģֻĸˣܷľͷڼʳá
һҲ˽⣬˵Ҿܷļ
ܷļʲô
԰
ҶʢˣǳԵģҶҲԲ꣬˼һ¾͵ͷ˵УһЩʣµӳԡ
𵱼Ӧ
ҶʢֺһˣֻˣҶʢͣһͣɣͣҶʢһҶػؼҡ
Ҷתͷ˵Ÿ磬ǻؼˣòã
½˵á
Ҷ½½ŵĸ첲Ҷʢ𳯼ߣ֮Ҷʢ㿪ʼ߲˷࣬ϳƣٽʼƵ̼ɲ˵ȵͳͳ
鲼ڴ࿪ˣ¶ͳոµĺɫңҶʢ˵ûǮƲ
ǾͲˣǮ㶼š
ôаȥ㵽СȥҶʢǮҪϵСȥϽסҶʢ˵Ҷ壬Ҷ壬´εİ´ҿ϶Ĳˡ
ǵöðҶʢǰֵ߲಻˵ļ̼ɶǡԼȵȣȥ˴룬²УûжˣҶʢʵʵ˵´β֪Ҫʲôʱˣ
ƶ˵Ұº͹
Ҷʢ˵ºûв˳찡
ҶӰָʱ򹩲Ӧء

Ҷ֮ɽϵȲˡʲôĸžͳˣҿ϶͹˵ģҶ壬˵ǲǣҾʿ϶ܼɹˡ
ԡҶʢЦ˵˵Ķԡ
ٿǮŰɣˡ
ǲСҶʢǲԸ⣬ȥһˣһ̣ǮֽĴţ̻
˵ţ̸СҶغȵġ
Ҷʢ˵ϴζ͹ˡ
ϴϴεģΣҶ°ɣһţ𣿡Ҫ̫ϲҶˣŸҶصʲôߵģǽ̫æˣڳҲûпߣһ䴿ţ̹ˡ
ҶʢܣһҶˣܴδհʲôϽȥɡ
ûҶʢջ˴ţ̣Ҷʢһ̣үһʵ֮ͻȻԼܹ˹£һʵ顣
ͷٿҶʱҶֳСֺ˵ټЦˣһ峺ҲͬҶҶʢ˵ټѶŽСĺУʻʱҶҶʢ֣ŷӡ
ĳԶҶ½תͷҶʢҶʢӿڴͳ֦ζİǵݸҶغ½ţǸղȥ̵ʱ˳ųԵġ
Ҷֽӹ
½ȴûж̧ۿҶʢ
Ҷʢ˵ţŰ
Ҷѽֽ˺ǹɹ½ŲӰǣҶشչ˵Ÿ磬ŰúóԵġ
Ҷʢ˵ǰţܺóԵġ
½ҶأҶʢԥһ£ֽӹǳ½̫̫½үӺҶ⣬һδӱӹʳоرһ̲סҶʢ
ҶʢͰЦ˵û¶ųԣүүôõĲˣԸʲôߣԺɹ̫Ҷүү緹ԡ
ߡҶ־ͽ½Ժӡ
Ժ֮ҶʢͽʼҶ½̨ǰǰҶŤͷ˵Ÿ磬ţջջķġ
½죬Ҷǰǲģûһȼܻ棬½ûмģɽҶʢŶõ¯úȼ½ſķǳ档
Ҷ½Ž͵ع͵һ룬Ҳ֪ôˣ˵үү˵˵
ҶʢǺЦž½Žܳĵع塢˳ȵȣΪ½ЩУҶʢ⵽ؽǰĺǳӽգȵˣҲյ⽹ۡ
½СüͷŵζСüͷԾչȵҶʢ¶Ŵɳĺȿʱ۾ֱˡ
ҶظϽùСӣݸ½һ˵Ÿ磬㳢ر𡣡
½ŽӹӣҶҨһ׺ȿȴûж
Ÿ磬ôҨҶذһӺȿ͵½˵Ÿ磬ԳԿ
ҶʢԱ˵ţԳԿ
½ڱסſͣҧһ㣬˲Ŵڿǻü۲֪ºˣҶҶʢͬʱʣó𣿡
½źɵصͷ
Ҷʢ˵Ǿͼԡ
½Żش𣺡áȻҨȿҨ֮ҶسԵģҶõǸӸһ̧ۣҶؽոԹĳԽˣ£üһ䣬Цˡ
úó԰Ҷسһںȿ֮󣬷ĸ̾ҧһ׸Ҷʢ˵үүҲԣҲԡ
ãүүԡҶʢҧһ˵Ҷغų԰ɣˣǿʼ緹ˣźһ緹ɡ
½ŻûлشҶ˵ˣã
Ҷʢ˵õĵǸɴࡣ
Ҷӣ˼ССЦ
Ҷʢ½ţţҶүүԷ
½ŵͷ
ãҶظϽ꣬ȥʰȥǳԷ
Է
ҶظϽѰԹ⣬ԺӣؽӶŵǰ˫ӣ½½ǰܻȥͷڷǰ
һҶʢһͬҶһд½ţ½ŲŸӣҶر㿴ŲƬۣ̾үү԰
ǰҶʢһ䣺԰ɡ
үүⰡƽʱֻһûУʹ⣬үүᴢţسԡ
ǰҶʢЦŻء
ôأ
үүѼⶼѽ
ˣԺǲûóˣ
Ժԣԣ˺үүһȥծ
ҶؾȵʣүүܹһǧǮˣ
Ҷʢͷ
Ҷ۾ʣԺͲǷծˣ
ţǷˡ㣬Щ߲ˣͲˣǷһǧǮҲͰĶˡ
үүԺ׬𣿡
ǰ
¸»ˣǾ׬ˡ
Ϳɡ
϶Ҷؿ϶˵үүԺǻԽԽǮǮԸùã黨
ҶʢЦҶ½һ˼һƬ˵ãǾͿ϶ǶԵ⣬һˣȥǮ
áҶؼһƬţȻ׽ţתͷ½˵Ÿ磬үүⳬóԡ
½Сһڡ
Ҷ˵ڳ԰
½ű㽫һƬƬŽ
ҶػҪ˵ҶʢȿǻˣҶأԷ˵úóԡ
Ҷضʱ˵ˣвסŤͷ½ţڳԲ˿½ţ½һ½ſҶСͣӹĹĵӵͷУܿɰЦסˣ˹سţƬ˼жܺÿģҶʢвʱò˵ллŵǰ½ŵ½̫̫½үӡ
š½̫̫½үһ𺰡


33 
½ҶͬʱתͷԺſ, Ժſڵ½̫̫½үһȻ, Ҳ벻һԱաԼĴӻڱ˼ҳԷ, ҳԵر, ̫λ˾ϲˡ
λһʱ˵
Ҷк½, ½үү, ѽ
½̫̫ȻûпڣҶʢͷûз, վ, к˵, , , һԵ㰡
Ҷظк
½û˵½̫̫½үӵȴº࣬½үӸ˵Ĳ֪ô˵ˡ
½̫̫Ƚ侲Ц˵ˣˣүү緹, ǺŻؼҳԷġ
ʵղ½̫̫ȥСεʱҶʢҶʢ˵½ڼҳԷӦһ, ½ŲԷ, ½ŻؼҳԷ, û뵽½Ըˡ
Ҷʢ˵ŶҼҳˣ԰ɡ
½̫̫½үȻ֮ãǺ޲½ſԺСӴһƬЦﲻϣǻǵ½ŵԸʣţԣǻؼҳԣ
½˵ԡ
½̫̫½үЦˣ½ү˵УԣҺ̻ȥٸ˹
Ҷʢֹ½̫̫½үӻǻؼҶ˹׼ؼҳʱֱҶҶʢס½̫̫½үƴǲ׼һԷ
Ҷر۶ˣ˫ӵݸ½̫̫½үӣ½̫̫ͿҶأӴǵСҶˣүүÿˡ
Ҷּ˵½½үүǳԲˣԲˡ
½̫̫½үһ˵Զԡ
½̫̫һǴŹǸҶأּһ½ţһҶʢ˵Ҷϸ磬ŹرãԳԡ
áҶʢûп˵ԶԣҶԡ
úãԡ
Զԡ

˿ȥûһͱű߳ţԱߵҶؿǴŹǣÿӼһ飬ŵСųԣһֳһ飬ԵСͺģתͷ½ʱ½˹سˣչȥС˵Ÿ磬ôǴŹǰúóԵġ
½˵ҵȻԡ
ȻͱҳԹˣ

԰úóԵģҶƲסԼ

԰
԰ɡ½춼ܳԵ
Ҳܳ꣬Ҹ㡣
ҶּһǴŹǣζسоǳʲô޽еζһ㣬Աߵ½ŶҶһ̧ӣһǴŹǣҧһ£֪ΪʲôúǱǰóˡ
Ҷشչ˵ó԰ɡ
½ŵͷš
óԾͶԵ㣬ݵģҶȫԼݸСôһ˵Źǡ
½ҲŹ
һŹһ÷˿ԵĸɸɾҶ½ŵСӶԵĹĹĵģһ¿ӣҶ˵үүҳԱˣԺñ
Ҷʢ˵ǾʹŸ絽ߣүү½½үүԵ㡣
Ҷصͷ˵ȥιڣιСƼιţ
ţιСƢ㡣
ҺסͲˡ
һأţһүүι
Ǻðɡ
Ҷش½һιιСƼҶʢ½̫̫½үӳԷ졣
½үӼ״̬ԽԽãϾҪӣ̫ˣҲãӲǺ½̫̫Ҷʢʣµķ˶ˣ֮½ү½̫̫ҪҶʢϴ룬Ҷʢֲͬ⡣
ĩ½үջԼ͵ӣҶʢϴһҪؼԼϴ
½̫̫½ţţǻؼҰɡ
½ںҶιСƼץһմף½̫̫ĺתͷ½̫̫ǲԸؼҵġ
½̫̫˵ҶغҶүүҪ˯ǲܴѽ˵ǲǣ
½ŵͷȫᣬֳ½̫̫ߣҶ̺ס½˵Ÿ磬ؼѽ
½ŵͷ
пˣҾม
½ٴεͷ
Ÿټ
ټ
½Ÿ½̫̫½үˣҶҶʢ͵ſڣҶͻȻԺӣҶʢʣʲôôż
Ҷ˵һûιСƼûιãǻġ
Уүүȥϴ룬Ȼæˣȥծ
á
һ֮ҶʢӳݷЩɲݸţŽϯ淭һչǼźɫңִ¶ͳʮǮչһǧǮ·ڶȻߵҶ˵Ҷأߡ
ҶذС˵үүǮźˣˡ
ҶʢЦ˵ģ߰ɡ
ҶصͷС֣Ҷʢ֣һ߳Ժӣ˳žɽƽ̹·棬ȥҶʢһǧǮˣһ·ϲͣ¶·ܵǮǣŷġ
ʮӵ·Ҷʢ˲ʮΣڵծȨ˼һǧǮծȨˣԷ˵Ļ֮ҶʢҶسߣ·Ҷʢصһڳ
ҶذСʣүү̾ʲôѽ
ҶʢǴЦ˵үү̾
үүڸʲôѽ
үү
Ϊʲôأ
ΪүүծѽҶʢûиеôˣžνġծһᡱɣڲҪʱʱЩѹͷծˣҲ鿴һΧˣʱͻȻʶѾˡ
ʱ·ⰻȻ·խС̻ϰ׻ۻ׺⣬΢һСͬҶҶʢһɰҶʢԵͷҶЦ
Ҷʣ𣿡
Ҷʢ˵ˡ
Ҷظ˵ʣԺǾͲǷծ𣿡
Ҷʢ˵ػش𣺡Ƿˡ
ǻǮ𣿡
ҶʢЦһ
Ҷһ£Сʣû˰
Ҷ۵Сεı飬֪ΪʲôҶʢЦ⺢֮ԽԽÿˣ˵һ㡣
һ㡣Ҷظһ䣬ԴҲ֪˼ʲôƬ֮¸˵үүûϵģûǮˣ׬׬ǮԼˣ
û
ȥڲˣ׬Ǯ
׬ǮҶʢ˵
Ҷظ˵Ҷʢ֣ͱıҶʢҲûҪҶغú·Ϳֱֳ÷Ϸ·İ׷̫̫ҶغЦͬҶʢ˵Ҷϸ磬Сӣǻѽ
ҶʢǺЦ˵ɲ
˺ã˽ۡ
ʲô˷ˡҶʢ˵ʵҪҶأֻҪΪҶۼҶؾˡ
˵ĶĻҾϲСҶء׷ֱ̫̫˵
ܰ׷̫̫⻰Ǽ٣Ҷʢ˾ͿģɵҲǫ˵ʱҲƤĺܡ
С
ҶʢЦˣתͰ׷̫̫䣬ҶػؼңһҶؾŸСָҶʢ
Ҷʢʣʲôأ
Ҷɷµ˵үүоŸϲң
𣿡Ҷʢʯɢĸɶǣүү˵һ˵ľŸѽ
ҶسҶʢǰߣ˵үү㿴֣֣㿴
ҶʢЦſҶص֡
ҶؿʼСָͷҶʢүү㿴ֵĴĴָ裬ĴָĴָүүĴָǷŸ磬ĴָǹùãСĴָ½ֵ̣ĴĴָ½үүĴָñ壬Ĵָ壬Ĵָǰ̣ĵھţǲǾǾŸˣ
ҶʢҶصСָָָʣʲôָ
Ҷؿٻش𣺡Ĵָ
Ҷʢָָһ飺أ
ĴָҶغɵػش
˭ģ
Լȡġ
ʲôݣ
ûиݰԼԼ
ҶʢȻҶ˵ĺеҶصС֣˵ԼԼûأҲ֪иͳһĳƺ
ʲôƺ
ĴָǴĴָΪָġҶʢҶ۵С֣˵ԽжĴָͳһзʳָ
ʳָΪʲôʳָأ
ΪڹŴûпӵʱϰöĴָȥԲʳԾ͸ȡʳָʳʳ
أҶָ
ҶʢƾԼʮ飬˵Ҷ˵˵ž̲ס죬žͣڴ׼˯ʱҶػ۾Ҷʢ˵񻰹£ҶʢֻýҶؽ˯ˣ˯¡
֮ҶҶʢǣŴţŴڣһ𵽾ɽ£βڲˣǰɽɽҰݣҶҰʣүүҰ𣿡
ܣǿιţ
ðɡ
ү˰˲ݷŽϸţԣһүЪһȵˮԸƻʯͷϿգķ磬һȥˣүǣŴţŴ̤ϼؼҡ
ڶȥгˣ죬ɽɽµʱ߲˶ˣŰѷİʮֻСƼʮֻ׬˽ٿǮ
Ҷز֪Ķ˵Դд֧ϢΪҶʢǸòʹõ޷װ֧ٿǮ浽ˡ
Ŵ۴л·ϣҶʢȺģǵԼûдˣǰ΢еǮãǸӻ˱ҶΰߵһǮǵһԼĴɣͷҶ˵Ժѧѧѣүү浽ѧҵ
Ҷ˵үүҪ棬Լ׬Ǯġ
ҶʢЦˡ
Ҷ˵үү첻ȥг𣿡
ȥˣûˡ
ʲôʱв˰
¸ҶȲˡֿˡ
ðѽҶظ֮࣬ʣѽ
Ҷʢ˼һ£˵үүȥ׽桢ˮڼ￴д֣ɺã
Ҳȥ׽档
ֲࡣ
Ҳȥ
аɣ׽͵ÿд֣Ȼһ꼶ˣʲôᣬǿɲˡ
ţҺŷŸһд֡
á
ص֮Ҷʢ۷ͷ棬룬ò̫ȫַϯ棬һһó棬㰲ģ߳ճԺæ
ʱүԺţƽʱڲˣˣγõӣͻȻүе㲻ӦҶʣүүȥɽ׽棿
Ҷʢ˵졣
ðɡ
Ҫүүдְɡ
үүҲ̷Ÿɡ
á
ȥҷŸ硣
ȥɡ
һҶغ½ţҶʢһСǰҶʢҶ½дйҶ½Ǧʾָд
үүһдˣٽдҶ˵
ãдʲôأҶʢ룬ôС֮ǼΪҪһ飬˵ٽдлΰˡðɣ
áҶ˵
ҶʢǦдл񡱣塱ֵʱסˣҶʣôдţ
Ҷؿھ˵дƴ
ҽд֣ôƴأ
үү㶼֪ôдİ
үү룬롣
Ҷʢ룬дΣҲûдԣʱһֻǦʵСֽд˸塱֣Ҷʢһ֣תͷˣдֵ˲Ҷأ½š
½ջ֮󣬵ͷ
ҶſҶʢĸ첲Լʶ֣ʣүүŸд𣿡
Ҷʢ˵дˡ
Ҷ½˵ۣŸѽô㶼дð
Ҷʢ˵ԣ̫ˣүүģŶᡣ
ҶҶʢ½š
½һޱӣȴסˣҶʢдģһ½ţ½Ŷдˣûѵ½Ź
Ҷһݵ˵Ÿ̫ˣ
½˵ҪѧϰˣҲд
ѧϰ𣿡
ǰҰֽ̹ңܶ֡
ûаְ֡Ҷ˳һ䡣
ҶʢһᣬҶʱûдҶϿҶصԴҶѧϰΪҶѧϰȤҶʢȥгЩ˵Ķͯɶ飬½һһЩϡŹֵС£ѵõҶ½ŶȤ
Ͼʱ䣬ҶʢҲҶ½ŶԺɽ϶ɽ¶ŶŶʶֶһСɾز£´ɵض¡
½óԼֻʶ֣һģֻ̳ͽͣһ⣬֪ˣ͵һ仰ֶ֣һСһͷˮǼ´ɵؼ£رʱҲķ٣ֵ˰
ҶҶʢ½Ŵɽų൫ԾવĴڣҶغ½˵Ÿ磬´ΰҴ󻨹Ҳòã
½˵ڲ´𣿡
Ҷ˵ͲѽȻҼҴҴ󻨵ĻҲ£Ͳ˧ѽŸ磬´δòã
½룬ͷ
ҶؿĵЦˡ
½Ҳ졣
ҶؿǰҶʢ˵үүǰ棬Ÿ磬Ǳ˭ܵүүǰ
á
ԤҶطʩһʼܣ
һǰ壬½Ÿһ㣬ȳһ㣬ܵҶʢţҶط䣬վҶʢǰ
һСټһֻСڹǰҪϴʱһոµĺɫСγͣǰ


34 
ҶҶʢ½ͬʱͣ, һɫССĳʱ, һ˴ʮ, װ, Ȼе㷢֣ǳûǺӢе񡭡е񡭡½үӣһҶ̲׽ɻҶʢүү˭
Ҷʢ, һʱ֮ûϳʮֿغһҶ壬ҶʢӦһ̫ϵ˵־ϣ½־ϣ
Ҷ壬Ұ½־˵
Ҷʢ׳Ϊʲôͣǰ, ½ŵİְְЦ˵־ϰ, üû, һûϳ, ˵, һֱ, ôͻȻ˰

ð, ðˣҲҶʢͷ½˵ţֻˡ
½һԲض½־ϡ
½־Цźӡ
½죬Ҷ֪Ÿǿĵ˼
½־ϼ˵ߣְȥ̼ҡ
½ſҶء
Ҷ˵Ÿ磬ȻȥɣҺүүʹںʹţ߻ȥټ
½ŵͷ
½־ϺҶʢ˵ټ½ȥ½ңҶҶʢվԭؿţҶؿĵ˵үүŸְŸˣÿѽ
Ÿ翪İ
ţҺͷŸõѡ
˵öԣүүҲǿġ
áҶصصͷҶʢ°ڣҶʢһ𳯼ߡ
ҶʢתͷҶأʵһֱһҶضְʲô־öԺ˵̫ˣһֱţûʳڣŻǵҶٴһ㣬˵ɡ
ҶصԴҶһؼԷ극֮󣬴Ŵ·ɢʱϵ˵½ַƢˣˤ˲ٶֵֻˤˣһȺ˷׷̾Ϣ½⺢ǳˡ
ҶתͷҶʢ˵үүŸǺˣ
Ҷʢͷ
үүȥŸ硣
ߣүүһȥ
ҶҶʢѴڸϻؼңһ½ߣ½Һûп½־ϵСҶʢʮֺʣ־أ
½̫̫˵ˡ
ôˣϵġ
Ҹߵġ
ĻҶʢѯʣ½̫̫ûҶʢˣֱӺҶʢ˵ˣ½־½ţ½źܿĵģ֮ǰ½̫̫Ҳ½˵ǰְԽ飬½ŽãΨһܲ˵ǰְֺǸһ
ոպ½־ϹǺ½̫̫½ү˵¶˵͵߽¶Ҳ¶Ӽ˵߻ӰûҴ½̫̫½үӣֻõߺ½̫̫½үӿƵϣ½̫̫½үܹͬ͵ߡ
½̫̫½үӾܾѾֻУλ˲Ÿհɫ½Źˣ½־ϡ½̫̫½үӶԻ̾ͱˣץ½־ϵֻˤýŲȣ½̫̫½үҲ½̫̫ǵһο½Ъ˹ô嶼ûá
½̫̫Ͻ½־ϸߣ½½̫̫½үӶˡ
ЩҶʢſʣôԵôң
ĺѣʶġ½̫̫˵˵־ϣҶû˵ǶԹû˵ǶпһֱܣһֱܣǸСҲӴ󣬳ź費ڼңܵˡˡȾñſˡҽ˵ǳѹֺͻȻ̼ųģ⺢ԸģʱΪеҲ̫
Ҷʢûо½Ϊһֱ½ǸԺӵģֻ½Ŷ½̫̫У¶е㲻⣬ʣôҲ𣿡
½̫̾Ϣһ˵Ǻ͵ƵˣҲ衣
Ҷʢ̾Ϣһ
ҶԱʣǷŸĶ
½̫̫˵ڶ᷿Źţǽ
ȥ
ȥɡ
һ¡ҶʢסҶ˵ϵǶ˯ԸⲻԸ⣿
ҶصͷȻ᷿
½̫̫½ſŶϣǾҶسʮӵ߶½ĿˣԸҶȥҶʢңҶʢ½̫̫˵˷ģȻֵͲӻصҡ
ؼ֮ҶҶʢȰѼţٺˣŹ½ţȥˮһСϴϴ˽ţȻҶʢԾɵ˯󴲣Ҷغ½˯СҶתͷʣŸ磬ұɡ
½Ų
Ҷ˵үү̵±ӡ
½Żǲ
±޻޻Ӿģ˯ȥ˯һͳů͵ģŸ䣬һůˡ
½ԾһԲ
Ҷغþûмһ仰˵½ˣҶʢҲǣԼĴϣ½Ž½̫½үӲûҪ͵ƵǻǺźģҶʢ˵һЩ½̫̫½үһЩϵϸڣʾǺܰ½ŵġ
½۾΢΢һ¡
ҶʣŸ磬ְ𣿡
½Żش
Ҷ˵ҺҰְ֣
Ҷʢһ⡣
Ҷؼ˵Ҷ˵ǻҶ˵ˣҲǻүүû˵ǻҲû˵ǻ־ǻǿҺ裬үүǮҴСûмö˶˵Ұȥ˵ĻûѽҲҰְȥҡˣ£ҪȥġҪ£Ҿ;ˡ
ҶʢҶصﻰˣοᣬ䣬ܿҶģҲܿҶûҶǰ˵Ҷΰһ䲻ãûҶԹޣֲһᣬתͷҶغ½š
Ҷ½ŵ˵Ÿ磬ְ𣿡
½Żһ˵Ұ衣
Ҷؿĵ˵ɣҲ裡
½̧Ҷء
Ҷؿĵ˵رæ賬á
Ҳá
ᱧҡ
Ҳᱧҡ
ȥֳ
Ҳȥ
ҽ¡
Ҳ
Ҷؿĵ˵ѽǵ趼Ǻѽ
š
һ𲻹ְ֣ܰ裬òã
á½˵
үү̡
š
Ÿ磬Ҹ˵оŸϲҡҶСְָѾŸ˸˵˵ҲϲŸˣҳˣҪԾŸ˺úãһҪá
½ֱֱҶء
Ҷ˵ǷŸ磬ѹˣƢม
š½˲Ӧ
Ժ˭ǺãǾͶ˭á
š
һԵҶʢûҶ˵ʲôͰ½Ÿˣ룬źӵô򵥰ɣҪʲô߼ҲҪʲôֻҪǸܵǾܻ飬ҶʢԱ߿Ҷغ½죬һֱ˯ţָҴӡ
Ҷغ˯գ̲סпСֲȱģҶһϮҲ˯ˡ
ڶʱҶʢˣŴԺţͿԺվŵ½ү½̫̫ҶʢϽ˵壬ʲôʱģô
½̫̫½ү߽½үȲ˵ǲŸյû͵һһҼô
ˡ
ˣ
ţҼҶذοˡ
Һ𣿡
ˡҶʢ˵Сļǵ
𣿡½үӰŰɣԼǸǳġ
ǰıġ
λڷ˵½ŵ¶ڵ½Ѿſڴǰ½ү½̫̫һ죬һ±ӣӴߵԺ⣬½̫̫½үһ
ر½ߵ½̫̫ǰ½̫̫˵ؼҡ
½̫̫˿ˡ
½үӳû˵ţһȥҽԺٿ
½ŵͷ
½үӸ˵Ĳ֪ǺãҶʢ˵лرлҶأҶػ˯ţҶʢ˱
Ҷؽˣر˯ʱ̫ѾսԺˣС۾Ժӣһ˵үүҷŸأ
ҶʢЦ˵ȥҽԺˡ
ȥҽԺˣ
ţʱ
ŶŸԽԽõġ
ԡ
½̫̫½үӺ½Ŵʱ򣬻ûлؼҾŴСҶʢлҶأ˵½ŵ˴룬ʱǿȬģʵ̫ˣҶصֲţҶҶʢ½ſģԾû½̫̫½үӵ
½̫̫½үֻðϷӣҶҶʢһڵҶصСιཱུģϵʱҶƿԼĳ˵үү㿴ҶӣԴˡ
Ҷʢ˵ƣСĶˡ
ᶳģ춼ˡ
Ҳơ
ðɡҶط·ԼĴʱͷĵ绰ˣ־ͽӣιã˭ѽ
磬ң顣˶˴
Ҷ̸˵غ飡
ڱ˶˸˻أ磡
飡
磡
Ҷʢ̫ȥˣ˵Ҷأˣʲô¶
Ҷתͷ˵˵Ҳ֪ʲô¶ùõ绰ġ
ѵ绰ң˵Ҷʢ֡
Ҷذѵ绰Ҷʢڴϣ۾Ҷʢ绰Ҷʢ˵һϵ绰ҶؽɴʣүүùҪ𣿡
ҶʢЦŵͷ
Ҷؿĵʣʲôʱ
¸ϣڡ
̫ˣܼùˡ
Ҷػ绰ˡ


35 
ҶΪҶϼĵ绰, ץ绰Ѿͺùã
˶û
Ҷزȷغùã
˶˻û
Ҷظоʮ֣ſܲǹùãתճӵ绰ι, , ˭ѽ˵ѽ˵Ҿ͹ҵ绰ม
±˶ڴһСء
Ҷ˲һ, һ롰ۡһ, һԵҶʢһ, ӹ绰鿴, Ҷŵ绰ѿ޺š裬, 衭Ҷʢ̲ס绰ǰ˴գҶС, , , ˡ
ҶԾɿţ裬ء
Ҷڱ˶˰οţҪˡ
áҶز᣺衣
Сǲˣ
ţ衣
ҲСأСүүҴĺ𣿡
ãүүҡ
Բѽ
, ҺùԵġڶоŸϲ, , ʮϲ, ҶҺúã½үү½ҳԣŸ棬ùø·ñ춼죬ţ̺ȣǶҺÿҴ
Ҷڱ˶±ӡ
šҶʣ裬Ķѽ
ڴ׬Ǯ
ʲôʱҰ
ȡȡ׬Ǯȥ㡣
׬Ǯ𣿡Ҷ˵꣬ͲûϽʣ裬ô˵ˣ
С˵ء
Ҷʣ裬ð𣿡
Се㡣
Ҫҩม
á
ҪǺñӡ
áҶе˵СأҪæˣ˵ˣүүúõģȥæˡ
ҶظϽ裬һ¡

裬ٺҶ˵仰
¡¡´ٸ绰
´ʲôʱ򰡣
пյʱ򣬱Զ㡣
裬Ҳ㣬裬Ÿ͸ҵĴǮкöǮǮˣҸม衣
ţټ
ټҶػͲﴫཱུ죬Ѿϵ绰ŻͲһŷ£תͷԱߵҶʢС˱⣬۾գ£գһͲŵ˵һ䡰ҵ绰ˡһ˵ҶʢĻ§Ҷʢصؿ˵үү裬衣
ҶʢҶصСԴ˵үү֪
ҶСزҶʢ·أҡ
æ
æʲô
׬Ǯ
׬Ǯ𣿡
׬Ǯôѧ
Ҳѧ
ɵӡҶʢҶصСԴ˵ѧĻԺôͷأôչأ
ҶذС˵ѧչ𣿡
Ҷʢ˵ǰ֪ʶıˣ㿴үү㽲ô£ǲǶǶģ
Ҷصصͷ
Ҷʢ˵Զôడ
Ҷظž˵Ҳ飬ö飬ˣĻүүͲˣ
û
ھͶ飡ҶͻȻҵƵģ͵վߵǰż⣬һҶʢľ飬ſڴϾͰԼһϾŵˣҶʢʣҶأôˣ
ҶŤͷ˵үүһᱳһʫˡ
үү
վƺ뺣ǧĿһ¥
һֲҶʢʣ㶼ʶ
Ҷ˵һƴ
̫ˣ
Ժѧ˻ģ
ҶʢЦ˵ûɫˣ˯ɣϻҪţɽϳԲء
ٶһ
Уٶʮӡ
á
ҶſڴֶʮӣȻڴϣԼᱳһ׶ֱҶʢҶʢֿҶһ飬Ҷ̵ģʱʱûѹһ˷ܣĵغҶʢ˵үүҴ绰ˣ˵ˡ
ҶʢЦ˵ԡ
軹˵пջҴ绰
š
үү賬õġ
ԡ
Ҷزͣ˵ڶȥ½ʱҲ½˵һһ˵½ŲţҲûҶطҶؾһһ˵һֱ˵ɽϣ½ŸҶʢϵȲˣǲǿժˣҶػڲͣ˵
½̲סͷҶأ𣿡
Ҷ˵۰
˵˺ö໰
˵ֲۡ
˵ɡ
áҶغ½źҶʢм俴Ȳˣʼ˵Ȳ˵¶ʣүүȲ˿𣿡
ҶʢЦ˵ˡ
ǰγȥгҶ˵žҪȥȲˣҶʢæֹҶ˵ϰΣȲ˰εĿ죬κ˾ȥгֺÿ
ǡǽ첻ѽ
Σ
ðɡ
ҶʢִɽһȦ翴ٿҶȵȣһũҶʢ⣬ܺõغҶ˵ˣɽȥ쿪ʼɻ׬Ǯ
ɽ쿪ʼɻ׬ǮҶظ˵˵֮½˵˵Ÿ磬Ҳ˵
˵ʲô
˵ɽ쿪ʼɻ׬Ǯ
˵
Ϊʲô˵
˵
Ұ˵ɽ쿪ʼɻ׬Ǯ˵ҶֺǺǵһҶʢһ½ţ˵үүߣɽ
Ҷʢ˵ߡ
ҶҲ˵ߡ
½űҶرƵҲ˵ߡ
һСһֻСڹɽڴţԱʯͷϣҶʢˮҶ½ˮԣ˵һȴţٳԴһ㣬Ǿͻȥ˵òã
Ҷ½ͬشӦʯͷϰͷƣʱָеƲ˵һЩű߼ʵĻĩקҶʢҪ񻰹¡
Ҷʢ֪Ĺ»治٣ƻ˵һֱ˵ţԲݳԲ˶ӣһСͣ׼ؼңʱԶһҶ壡
ҶʢȥҶʣ˭
壡Ҷ̳֣壡
СҶأ
ôˣҶشء
㰡
ҶŤͷҶʢ˵үүǵġ
Ҷʢ˵Ӧ˵ģʱ򡣡
Ҷʢ̧ȥӭ첽߹˵Ҷ壬ոȥǣûҵǣ֪ء
ţţءҶʢ´˵ѽǰʱһ㰡
һ㣬Ұ˻֡˵ҸϽŰǵæ˳ˡ
ҶʢЦ
ʣɽϵҶȲˡ²˳ôˣ𣿡
Ҷʢ˵ܡ
ĵ˵ǾͿʼɡ
Ҷʢʣڣ
˵԰¸һǶڣǳҪҶʱ򰡡
ҶҪһ𣿡
ô
ɹһ£һ£ðѽ
ãֱʵģǻؼԼ
С
ǾͿʼɡż˵
С
Ҷʢֽţ˨ɽ£Ҷ½źɽҶʢһŪҶȲˣЦ˵ԼжģӲŪһҶȲ˺;²ˣ˳Ҷʢʮʮ綼ûҶʢԣҶʢǮˡ
ҶҶʢ½ſĳԶҶػͷҶʢеĺƤ˵үүǮϢ
ԴϴȥһˣҶ֪ǮǻϢǮģһƤ̾뵽УҶʢĺƤ˵̫ˣٵȵȣҲʼˣʱһܣȥУ˵ˣùһҪǵ㼦⣬˵ǲǣ
ǡǺðɣٵһȡ
šæһ磬ȥԡҶʢŤͷ½˵ţҲҶүү緹ɡ
½Ȼͷ
Ҷشչ˵Ÿ磬ҽջ𡣡
½˵á
½ŸҶѧҶʢѧ˲СʶԽѧϰԽȻҲԽԽãҲ֮ǰԽԽ࣬ҲԸҶ֣̹֮ҶҪдˣ˵һ䡰СϡȻʾҶˣҶظҲĵظҶѧջ
ѧһһһعһϡͷһղˣûһ緹ͺˣһСΧһ緹緹æһԺϢҶ½ſҶʢߵʯϿ½ŵĶͯ顣
½ŵĶͯɱҶʢгԵľ֮ĸ߶࣬ǴӲ廭Ⱥ͹¿ɶԣ̫࣬ʹЩʶ֪ʲô˼Ҳܿͼ󣬺ܿ콫һ鿴ֹ꣬ӣûټȥԺſţԶ
һ·ϵҶ岩Ҷ岩ͼСѱ˭ÿҶ岩˵Լÿ·
ҶСſ½ŶԱС˵Ÿ磬Ҫ·˵϶Ҷ岩ó󣡡
½͡һЦˡ
ԶҶ岩½ŵЦҶ½źһȻ뿪Ҷغ½ż棬һֱ浽ˣ½̫̫½š
Ҷغ½˵Ÿ磬ҺүүҪȥˣûʱˡ
½˵㡣
ҶؾȵʣҪһȥ𣿡
Ҹһڲˡ½Żϰгôˡ
Ҳѽ
ţ졣
Ҷظ˺үүҪ磬Ҳûи½ţڶʱҶظҶʢ𴲣һԺţͿվԺ½š
Ҷظ˵غŸ磡
½졣
Ҷʢȵʣʲôʱģ
½˵
үү֪𣿡
֪
Ƿ
½ŵͷ
ðɣ½̫̫½үҲǶӷģҶʢԽԽ½ţ䣬ӳɽߣɽʱһɽϡ
ҶʢҶ½ŰȲˣҲû¶ժҶ²ˣţСʱͰװˣҶʢûˣȥһװͺͣҶ½ɽ
ɽ£½űҶҶʢ˵ټܻ½ңҶذͷҶʢ˵үүŸ绹ϰ˶ࡣ
Ҷʢͷȥг
ȥг·ϣҶʢĵû̯λˣҲ²˷ӻһһûϤˣû뵽һгϾͿ˴ñģñΪȲñˣǲñӣҶԾɺñ塣
ӴⲻСҶ𣿡ñغ
ñþòѽ
þòҶԽԽ˵
ñҲԽԽÿˡ
𣿡
Ҷصͷ
˵ϲñϽԼ̯λԱһƣҶʢҶصԼԱ̯߰ñҶصСԴʣôôûѽ
ɽϲ˶û죬ڲ졣
𣿶ʲôˣ
ҶӵġȲˣԵġ²ˣԵġ
һñһѾ²˿ɺã
ãøǮɽϳľ²ˣùء
ñĹЦ
ҶʢԱ˵Ҷأô˵
ñ˵û¶û¶˵ʵ
ҶʢѾ²˸ñģñĿأΪһ˵Ĳ˷ӣɱ칫ҵĸ߶ˣǮǮҶʢҶʢúһҶʢ˰۰Ѿ²ñģҶرվڴñԱ߿ʼߺˡ
Լ׬ߺȣҲñ׬ߺȣҶصǶˣûһҶʢͿˣñ˳˲١
ñĶҶ˵лÿСһһĲ˶лл㰡
ñ岻ҶЦ˵ñ壬ǼҵСƼĺ𣿡
ðõĺܣ˳ˡ
ҶһͿ˵ҼҵҲˣɫëˡ
ԣͷԽԽġ
š
ҶظñһֱĵҶʢȻҶʢؼңүһû׬ǮͻȻˣ˶ĵĲˡ
һصңͶԺǮһëһëһһȲˡ²˺ҶҲûһٿǮ˿ܼҶغҶʢϲãҶظ˵˵үүǮ
ҶʢǺЦ˵ܣܶȥһС
á
ҶʢϰͳһǮҶأҶظ˵ذһǮɫС棬Ҷʢɾʮ㣬ÿ춼æĲˣҶһǮ̲ס˵һ䡰үүǮܵһʱҶʢ˵ãߣȥ˳ȥùá
ùҪ𣿡Ҷʡ
ǰù˵˼ݼ٣Զסˡ
İҶظ˵۾Ҳ𣿡
ùú÷ͷһڡ
̫ˡ
ߣȥǮ֮ȥʳȻȥ·ϵùú顣
ãҸǺ«һԡ
С
Լ׬Ǯ򡣡
С
үŴۣǮǮȥУһëǮУһǧٿǮĵسȥǺ«⼦һ㣬ֳһЩСɹģһɽĲ·ڣԶ
һйλƵعͣ·ڣүʹȥ֮ѾϦȾ˰죬ҲүһĹΣүȻãеؿԶԶһλƵع
үϽԱߵʯǰգͣšꡱһ򿪣үһԴ


36 
һİĳ˿ʹӳҶҶʢҶϼҲ, үԴڿ, ʱȻһ۵С
磡
ҶҶʢѯ̽, ſߵҶϼ, 촩ŰɫĴ׿, ۺСȹӣɫСЬӣǱ, ɰˡ
ҶҶʢһ𺰣顣
˵غ磬ˣ
顣
磡
ҶҶʢһְӳϻҶϼҲ, Ҷظ˵۾, ùã
ҶϼһҶؾЦ
Ҷز֪Ϊʲôƽʱùãùãһù, ͻȻе㺦, ϰֺһ飺ùá
ҶϼҶصС˵ú, ֳÿˡ
Ҷ˵ùҲÿˡ
ҶϼЦ۾, תҶʢ, ֡
Ҷʢϵϲɫ, ־ҪҶϼ, ҶϼҶʢ࣬Ҷʢеķߣ˵ʡ
Ҷʢ˵
Ҷϼã˵ֲأ߰߰ɣϽؼңҶˣϽؼҺˮɡ
Ҷʢ˵ãתͷҶʱҶغڳһǺ«ҶʢЦЦ˵Ҷأ飬ˣȻؼˡ
ҶӦһԾ᲻Ǻ«һ·ҧһҧһڣصʱǳԲˣһӹҶϼݹʳˮҶϼǰҶһװЬ
Ҷؾϲؽӹ
ҶʢҶϼһǮʵͦ˵ģһתӿڴͳûдеһٿǮҶϼҶϼ˵֣ʲô
Ҷʢ˵ӹĲףһǮ
ûһǮ·Ӧõ𣿡
Ҳ򰡡
˭򰡡
ǲһҶʢӲǮҶϼ˵ţǮˣǮҶ·Ʒѡ
Ǯ
˰
ҶʢҶȲˡ²˵Ȳ˵¶˵Ҷϼ˵ÿ춼룬ͷˣɽϵ߲˲඼ˣʱ׬Ķһ㣬ǮԽԽ࣬ҲýͰ͵ġ
ҶϼҶʢ˵ĲˣͬʱֵҶʢҶأϵССҶʢЦ˵أÿ϶ѧŵͷ̫̫ɽһȦƽʱðûء
ԴҶ֮ҶʢĿ꣬ԼҲעҲȷʵȥǰоҲǰʵˣҶϼҲϣԸҪҶʢǮҶʢҲͰǮˡ
ɫڣҶʢ㿪ʼҶϼȥæ˳һ¼ҳ¶һֱԹһڵӻǰӣҶϼҶʢ˵һЩϵ¶
Ҷʢ˵裬˵ˣ˵˺ö໰ˣǰӣ𣿡
ҶʢЦˡ
ҶϼһŮıҲͲˡ
һԵҶؿүүùú鿪ĵЦ˯ʱζǿģֱڶϣ﹫ѣ۾׼Ҷʢ˵ҶأҺùȥڲˣڼ˯òã
ҶԺʣҲȥѽ
ţȥˣڼҺú˯үүˡ
šҶӦһһ˯ˡ
ٴʱǱһѵģϸ裬Ķ
飡
Ҷ·Ͻ´СЬܳ䣬žͿǱҵСԴϣŷɫС£СţվԺ޵ˡ
裬Ķˣ
飡Ҷغ
硣
ʲôҶܹȥָᡣ
硣˵Ҳˡ
Ҷضһ£뵽ԼԺʱүү˵˵ùúүүȥɽڲȥѽ
Ķڲѽ˵Ҫȥ衣
ڲȥ衣
Ϊʲô
·ûдãɽ紵ģҪҩģ
裬أҪ衣
úúãޱˡҶغ˵ȴ··ȥ
ҲᴩȹӣȹûԼҪˡ
ҶظϽ˵ޱޣ㴩
һ²ˡ
𶯣Ȼžˣ㱧ȥҶ΢΢§鱧᷿
Ҷصı˰Сӱһ鱧ϸ鴩·Լ̫СˣҲûϴǰ´˵Լϴɡ
ϴȥ
ҶСְϵĵһ˫ɫСӸ鴩ϣȻ´׷ɫСȹӡ
һʼ׵ͷϣ׵һ뿨ס鰡УҶزŷСȹӺûϽŽ飬鴩СȹӣСЬӣһ
ܽҲԼ·ŰˮͷǰëʪѧŴ˵Ӿͳ棬壬Ͻץ飬˵ˣϴǾһҹùúүү
ͷ
Ҷż⣬˦˼βŽë˦ϣС֣ŴڳԺţż⣬űϵϵϣ鳯ɽߡ
ҵͷڷ趯Сһ¿ҪɵǱ裬˵磬ûи衣
Ҷػش𣺡粻
ҵıҪˣҵıˣҾͲÿѼ
ûÿ
ҪˣҿҪÿˡ
ôأҶͣ˵ֲ
ҰְҲģүҲ
ɽҵùãùùøòã
ðɡӦˡ
Ҷ鳯ɽߣûߵɽʱڿҶʢ㿪ʼĽˡ
ҶʢϤڵĽɽ¿ͬʱҶϼҲ¿ȻͿҶغ飬Ů˵ʱʹˣȵҶغ߽ˣŮ̲סЦҶϼһѾ²Ž֮󣬸ϽɽӭҶغ顣
ý˲ŷ֣֪ͷңȹӴŤŤȹﴩɿ㣬ΨһԵĴžЬˣҶϼ̿ʣԼ·𣿡
ǡָԱߵҶ˵ǸҴġ
ҶϼȵתͷҶôģ
ҶصͷţϿޣ裬ȻҾ͸·ˣҸ裬Ҳᡣ
ҶϼЦ˵Ҷأǰˣ
Ҷؿһ졣
ҶϼҶصԴ˵ллҶˣлл硣
˵磬лл㡣
ҶССģе㺦ߵ˵
ʲô˵ʱҶʢˣʣҶأڼ˯ôֹˣ
ҶŤͷͣÿˣҪҹùãҴҹùá
ԭô¶
šүүҪȥ𣿡
š
Ҷϼ˵Ҷأȥˣùȥ
Ҷطʣôأ
ǰҶʢСûϴɾ˵ϼʹؼңڼţҺҶȥгһͻˡ
Ҷϼ˵УȻؼҰ緹ˣǻ緹
Ҷʢӿ̫ŮŮ˴û緹׼гϻʱЩģ˵һҺҶػˡ
ҶϼȤ˵֣ʱͲûǮˣ
ûĻҪġ
ûˣڼǻͿԳԵҲһЩðɣǸϽȥɡҶϼҲҶĻᣬߴҶʢȥء
ҶʢҲͺҶһȥгˣгϴ˴ԼһСʱĲˣүһҲûеͻصڵ緹緹֮Ҷϼ㿪ʼҶʢϴˢģһҲͣڼæµ
Ҷذ½һһʮڿذҶϼҶϼԽԽϲҶ⺢ӣΪĸߣҶزô£Ҷֶ˼ϧ
ÿ϶Ҷ˯ȻѣҶʢһɽڲˣٵгˣϲ˵ȻڲгⲻүӾȻһ߲ˮеĴͻæڵʱү׬˲ء
֪һлΪҶʱҶϼϲҶˣʱҶϼϹԷɺʹҲˣҶϰİᣬ˵÷͸ҲԼǹ÷ǵû£Ѻõһ
˵ش½һ棬ھɽ棬ھɽ棬½棬Ҷ棬ڼҶΰҶ岩ֻ˾˾˺͸磬Ҷ½Ŷû˵
ҶΰҶ岩ڲҶʢʲôϸԲû˵ʲô뿪ˣҶ浽׼ؼң½Ҫ½̫̫ҡ
Ҷ˵Ÿ磬ҲȥҼҳԷ𣿡
½˵Ҳȥ
Ϊʲô
˶ࡣ
˶ͲԸȥ𣿡
š
ҹùýʵҶӰ㲻ȥ𣿡
ȥ
ǺðɣҸţȹùˣҼҳԣòã
½ŵͷǣŴ󻨹ؼȥˡ
ҶػͷԶʱڲݴԵĴڲ̽ںڵԴִ󻨹½ˣϽСȣƵıҶء
Ҷأ
ûע⵽ж´󻨹ɺҶؿĵسߣߵ֮Ҷʢɹ̲ݣҶϼԷһԺӡ
ϵʱҶϼͽŴϣҶϴռȫҵİãŪĺ桢桢ɳ⣬׼̵ԭζӶ
Ҷ棬׷վ߿ҶϼԷɰӣſ̲ס֣Ҷϼ˵˼βãŪһˮ裬ЩŴ׺ҶҶһԭζ
ӵС֣ʼģذӣȻûһɹǶĵĲˣ鲻ͣغšְ㿴㿴ǵҶϼԷɹЦ
ҶظЦŹùһĿֲͣͻȻ裬Ҳ롰ְ֡ˣҪǰְܹ÷һͺˣƬ̵ĳҲֻƬ̡
Ƭ֮һ绰תͷ򷿼䣬裬Ͻ裬Ͻܽ䣬绰ͽӣ裡
˶һʮӲʵιãҶʢ𣿡
Ҷʢүү֣Ҷ֪ŵ绰˵ѽҶʢүү˭ѽүүʲôѽ


37 
ԷҶصͯ˵Ӳ, ֻǼˡСѡ, ˵С, ǹֵ, үү¶, үүӸ绰𣿡
ԡҶˬشӦ
ȥǵ㡣
á
Ҷذѵ绰Ϻ, Сų˷ͺүү绰ĵ绰, Ӱ
úúáҶʢոպðɹ, תͷЦʣ˭ĵ绰Ұ
Ҷػش𣺡֡
ҶػСԡֵ֡Ǿ幤ĵطǺ, ô幤ĵطǺõط, ׹ִζʲôҶʢҶϼԷȴ֪ġ
Ҷʢɫһ
ҶϼԷͬʱͣеĶ
Ҷز֪ʲôˣؿҶʢ, ҶʢʱѾ߹, ͬʱҶϼԷҲ, ǺҶһ򷿼ڵҶʢ
ҶʢЩ, ˫·ϳ, 绰ʮֿ˵ιãҶʢʹͬ־ʲô¶
ҶءҶϼԷɶվſڣûԱĻֻҶʢıһر仯ţֱϵ绰״ڵ绰ǰ
Ҷϼæǰ֣֡
ҶʢŤͷҶϼ
Ҷϼʣ֣ôˣ
ҶʢҪڣǿһߵҶأҶȥԺ̲ݷһҶ˳ȥҶϼǰһʣ֣Ƕ¶𣿡
Ҷʢͷ
ҶϼȻʣǲǶ緸¶ˣ
Ҷʢٴεͷš
ҶϼԷͬʱһ
ҶʢüƸˣ˵ֵ˵ͼȥҹʲôģ˰ڵ̯տĴˣ˴סԺء
Ҷϼľʣʲôʱ¶
һ˰ɣڲűץ
ô죿
ֵȥһˡ
ȥʲôҶϼʵڲİְڡ
Ҳ֪ʹ˵ģҵط˵
÷ɺһȥɡ
áҶʢϵ˵Ҫ컹Ҫȥϰ࣬ȥˣϰô찡ΪҶ˲ֵ
ᵽҶΣҶʢеҧгݵľԾɵȥ
Ҷϼ˵֣Ҹһȥݼٻû꣬кüģǴнġ
ȥˣô죿
ҶϼߵҶأ˵ˡ
Ҷʢתӣɾ·ϣҶϼúõչźӣֺԷ˵˱Ǹ룬Ǵӵ£ȡ·棬̧Ҫߡ
ҶϼϽ˵֣㲻Ըߣ
Ҷʢ˵ˡ
ǽǶڰ
ڹԱϰء
ҶʢֱԺſߡ
ڷ̲ݵҶؿæүүүү
ҶʢҶء
ҶظϽܹҶʢ°ʣүүʲôȥ
үүȥ档
ȥʲôѽ
е¶
ҺһȥҶ᲻úҶʢֿ
Ҷʢ˵аүүˣүүҪˣ˭кùú͹÷أүүкùú͹÷ǰȻĻ´ξͲˣúкš
Ҷԣùú͹÷ùú͹÷һֱǾͲ׷үүȥˣתʣүүʲôʱѽ
үү¶ͻ
үүʲôʱ¶
ܿģүүúкùǡ
áҶصصͷ˵үү
á
ҶʢԺӣ·ߡ
ҶϼͷһԷɣԷźڰ߹˵ϼҴһߣһŰֵˣҰŵ̼ңúôˣģһῴðֵġ
ҶϼڼҵʱǸùԺҲǺϱԼҳ¶ѵǼ꣬ԼҸ˲٣ԷǸ֪֪ȵˣȻ׬Ǯ࣬ԺӶҶʢû˵Ĵм˵ɣлл㡣
Է֣ص˵˵ʲôأ̫ģһᰲοֵġ
ţʲô͸ҵ绰
֪ˡ
ԷҶϼ˵ټһԲĶڹҶϼɵ̾ϢһתҪ߽ԺʱͻȻסˣͷȥҶء
ùáҶغ
ôˣҶϼʡ
ùãǲץ˵ģ
ǡ
ǲץҰְ֣Ȼ绰үүүүȥҰְְ
ҶϼһҶ⺢̫ˣ˵ѾСˣǱҶ⺢ӲˣҶصĵദУҶϼ֪ҶǸϵĺӣʲô¶ҶԼĻϵ뷨ҶأҶشӱ˿֪Щ¶ʱ򣬻á
ҶصС֣ҶԺԺŹϣ§ҶԺʯϣҶ˵Ҷε¶˵Ҷδˣ˴¶ԾŻ
Ҷظ˵ǶԵģ
Ҷϼ΢΢һ㶣ҶأҶ۵С˵Ҷذùϣ㳤Ҳôʣһֱôʡ
Ҷգ۾Ҷϼ
ҶϼҶصֻС˵ҶأԺ󲻹ܱô˵֣ô㣬㶼ҪѹҪԱҪ˵ģȻԼүүùú͹÷һֱվߵġ
Ҷصͷ
Ժʲô¶Ժ͹ù˵
á
úӡ
ùãҶµģ֪ģҰְֲǺˣŸİְҲǺˣҺͷŸ綼ǺˣԺҪ˵ģүү˵ҳǳΪҶ֮ŵģ
ԡҶϼ˵˵ģˣ
ҲˣģҪҶСָ
ҶϼСĴָ
ֶŸϣһֱŴ׵˵裬磬ҲҲ
Ҷ˵ùã
С
ҶϼһСĴָסҶСĴָһ˵ϵһ겻䣬䣡
֮ŷԼİְֺ׸ˣۡһˣ˲ֱһݮɸˣҶһҶϼ
ȻҶˣҶϼӣ˺ò˸Ҷԡ
֮ҶϼӵԷɵĵ绰˵͵̼ˣںҶʢһ𳯹ߣԷʱʱҶϼ㱨Ǳ
ҶϼԭΪҶʢԷϾͻģûУڶҶʢԷɻţҶʢԷɵĹ⣬ӲԷɸȥϰˣ׼ԷٸԼȻҶʢһȥܺ߼֮š
ҶʢûֻҲ绰һϵϣҶϼʮֵģڼҶغҲ²£ֱԷɴ绰˵ϼģҸղվˣˣһСʱ͵ˡ
ҶϼŷŰְ⼸ӦöûгԺãϽȥ˷ˣ֮󣬴ŴڣҶغȥ·ڵȣʮԾɲҶʢ
Ҷʣùãүүô
Ҷϼ˿ֻϵʱⶼһСʱˣ˵Ӧû˰᲻߲·Ѿؼأ
Ҷϼ߻ؼңĸŶţҶϼٴ·ڣסһѯǹ˾Ƿ·г𻵵ʻõĴһгС
Ҷϼɵõ
ҶҲСüͷ
˵裬ү·𣿡
Ҷϼ̵̻ģû顣
ҶСüͷĸˣȻ˵ùãٻؼҿ˵үүѾڼˡ
ߡҶϼҶ鳯ߣûеʱͻȻžɽвͣ
ʣڣʲôѽ
Ҷϼûڡ
Ҷ˳Ŵڵķ򳯾ɽתͷ˵ùãүү᲻ɽϡ
ҶϼʣүүΪʲôɽϣ
Ϊﰡ
Ҷϼ׹Ҷ鳯ɽߣʱϦѾѹϵƽߣ챻ȾɻƣɽҶϼҶŴڣһ˿ɽ¡
ʱϦѾ£ֻһƻ֮⣬΢Ĺ⣬ҶϼҶغ鿴Ҷ̫̫ĹǰҶʢҶʢǶţź̴રવţȥ¶ߡ
үү
ү
ҶϼҶغͺˣҶʢԻͷӣûҶϼҲǺӣӣЦˣ̹̲һģַСǰĹվӦųҶϼҶغ
үȥĶʡ
үȥˣԲԣ
԰Һ͸һԡ
ҶʢǺǵЦˡ
ҶǰסҶʢ֡
ҶʢЦסҶص֣˵Ҷأ𣿡
Ҷ˵ˡ

ţ׬Ǯˡ
áҶʢתҶϼ˵ϼӰˡ
ࡣҶϼʣ֣ˣ
Ҳûðɡ
ôؼҰǶ·ڵһСʱˣˡ
û˵𣿡
˵ʲô
˵ȥǲҪĵġ˵ˡ
ԭԷ˵ˣôְֻͺˣҶϼûѯҶʢҶε飬ҶʢϽؼҳԷ
汼ôˣ϶ˣһصңҶϼͽعŵķһһԷ쾰ɽ¶ųţûһͳԺˣҶϼֻҶһȥϴ룬ϴ֮ҲҶʢˣ᷿ţͲݷûпҶʢһԺӣͿ·ϵҶʢ
ҶϼӶһ£ǰ֡
ҶʢûлͷһӲѻ۾˵ϼӰû̺úӣڹҰֽˡ


38 
Ҷε¶, ҶϼҲǴԷ֪, ԷɽֻҶʢ죬ʱȥҶʢ, ֪ҲҶʢ֪, Ҷʢû˵ģ֪, ҶϼҲ֪
˿Ҷʢ⻰, ƺ, Ҷϼǻʣ֣
ˡҶʢ˵롣
Ҷϼʱһ
Ҷʢ˵Ǽѻ̫ˣǸտͽⲻҪǮ, ҪΣϵԱߵС, , ļͬ˵, ʹ˾, Ծеء˵, Ҫ, Ҫ, 춼ڿأбӦģǲţ
Ҷʢٴ̧һ۾
ҶϼʹҶεΪ, ϸ, ǰ, ϸҶʢߡ
·΢Ĺ⣬ϸײӵϣûøɾˮҶϼͷһᣬẰһ֣ǲܶ˲ֲǺˣ˵룬ʮ꣬ҲӦá
Ҷأ˾ΪãҪ֪иεĵҶôԺ᲻Ա᲻ᱻ۸Ժ󳤴ˣ᲻ΪɷֲҲ
ġҶϼᶨ˵ģ֣ʱһˣİԺǿֻҪԺҶֱŬͬܵ˵ء
˵˵ϵЩ˲Ǳ˵Ҷء
Ϊǲ˽Ҷأ㿴½ǶϲҶأ֣ǰͺ˵ˣһԼ֮٣ֻҪΪ֮ٵ˻žˣҪҡôֵˣ㷴أ
ҶʢŤͷʣ˵⻰𣿡
˵
ҶʢɬһЦֶǵˡ
Ҽأڻ㣬㲻ҪҶ̫ģҶҶĵģڶ¶˵䲻Ļܣ
ҶϼŽһЩ˵ҶʢҶʢ·ţȻҶϼ˵еᣬǽһֱҹˣҶϼһط䣬ҶѾĴ˯ˡ
֣Ұ鱧᷿ˮϴϴšҶϼ˵
Ҷʢһ䣺Լˮ
򡣡
Ҷϼٵرص᷿ҶʢˮҶʢϴϴ˽֮󣬸ҶϼϽ˯˨ϣԼĴϣ·ڶͳۣô죬ʾΪ㡣
ϴ¶ͳ˼ӲңһҶصķɫС棬תͷСϵҶأҶѾ˯ˣȥƽʱĻãɵۣҶʢҶصС̲סҶرԼĴϣ§ڻ
§һҶʢ˯ҶȴˣѵģҲѵģ˯ǰùøһţ̣ȹ֮󣬺̫ˣûȥϲʱ۾ǰһƬڣתͷߵүү϶˯ʵܵүү
үүůѽҶظ˵ҵͷϵֵͲ߳䣬ԺıͰСһ¡
ٴλصʱСүүĻƽʱүүүүܻѵģȴûʲôӦҶɺҲ۾˯⻹û٣ܵүүϺ̣ǵүү˵ҪǶͷ̵̺ĻǾǷˡ
С֣үүĶͷ̸о̣̺үүүүүү
Ҷʢ۾
үү
ôˣҶʢʡ
үү㷢ѽ
Ҷʢ˯ǰ;Щ̫ĶҶε¶˯ĺܣҲûвԼڱҶôһᣬ˲˵Ŷе㷢ˣû¶үүԵҩˡ
Ҷʢ˵žǸһֺȻͨһµϣһŵҶˣҶŵˣֵغүүүү
û¶û¶
ôˤѽ
յģүүˣȥүүҩ
ҩĶ
ڴͷĳиɫСƿƿװҩյģϢʹүү֮ȥСˮƿСĵ㣬ҪˤˣСˮƿԶ㣬Լ
áҶ
Ҷʢر𽻴ҪùãҲҪ󺰣ùõģ֪𣿡
֪ˡ
ҶһͱҶϼˣҶֻʵҶϼϽСˮƿҶʢķ䣬Ҷʢһ£һչҶʢҩҶʢº󣬶Ҷϼ˵ϼû¶־Ƿգ˯һͺˣ˯һͺˣȥ˯ɡ
Ҷϼû˵֣㻹벻
ɶ벻İ뿪ˡ
û뿪ƲˡҶʢһãΪܹãĳܣηգϡ
ûе¶ȥ˯ɣҲҪú˯ˣȻ˾Ҫˡ
ҶϼһԸоҶʢˣ뿪䣬ҶȴҶʢߣ۾ҶʢҶʢ˵ô˯
Ҷ˵Ҫүү
үүû¶
¶үүΪġ
˵˵
˵˵ҶˣҰˣεǴˣԺϵ֪ˣ˵Сˣүү㲻ҪģҲСˣԺǴˣҪҪ˵СˣҾͲ
ҶʢҶء
Ҷؼ˵үү㲻ҪѹҲҪˣòã˵˵ҶͻȻˡ
ҶʢϽʣôˣǲǸղүү˴ŵˣ
Ҷؿššһ
Ƿյͷеھû¶ˡ
Һ¡
ʲô
ҶĨᣬ˵ҺүүˣҪˣҾûүүˣүү㲻Ҫҳˣҿ϶Ұְ֣ҳˣҾǺˣչ㣬ҸóԵģööóԵģҲҪְ֣Ҫүү
Ҷص֪УүүȻʹ󣬵һӲʣɽڲˡϴ·ֳԼⵣȫû⣬Ҷ˵үүǴɽһĴڡ
ǸոүүҪǵûͨһˤˣҶصĳʵ̫ˣĴɽһ±嵹һ£һ¾ͺˣҲһµ߸Լǰʱ䡰볤󡱵뷨㳤󣬳ΪүүĴɽչүүүү˿ʹ
ҶʢСӵֺ£ɬǱҪůϻҪģֹҶأڵĺһ㣬һ³һɶ
ͻȻͽҶϼĵҪΪҶθҪΪҶθҶαˡ
źҶθ鷳ˣҲҶ鷳ˣһڣһҪԹ¶ԼҶ¶
Լʱ˼룬ԼȻʣ۵ظҶزᣬ˵ģģүүүүҪҶس󣬿ҶϸУѧҶسΪҶ֮Ű
үүĲ𣿡
ᣬүүֻǷգ˾ͺˡ
˵ҪҳΪҶ֮ŵģүү㲻ƭˡ
үүƭ㣬ˡ
š
ԡҶʢ§Ҷء
ҶӣͻȻáһ
ҶʢЦ˵Ӵˣǿޱ˰
ҶؿЦ˵ҿ޺þء
𣿡
ţڶˣá
ǻޡ
Ҹոѹģá
ѹүүû¶ġ
š

үڷ˵ţҶϼһͬʱеģԼŮ˵˰ҹСӿһ¹ãְƫģҶϼôģȴЦݣ̧ص᷿
ڶҶϼ𴲣᷿߳ͿűⵣҶʢⵣŵĲȲ˾²֮ģǰӡԲ㡢⡣
ҶϼѯʣֿҶʢƨɺŵҶأ컹еҶشеǼʮſǮĺɫ£ƤֻСĴԣһҶϼ¶̫һЦݣĵغùã
Ҷϼһ㵵غ֣Ǹʲôȥˣ


39 
ҶʢֺǺǵػش𣺡ȥ˰
Ҷϼȵʣˣ
ǰ
, ϡ
û¶ˡҶʢ˵
û¶ˣ
ҶϼɵĿ´Ҷʢ, ҶʢЦҶϼ˵ҹҩ˺ҹվˣ뿪ˣҲ̹ˣ˯ķǳá
һоǰδе, ·˰Сʱо֮ҶҲˣүȥɽڲ, žȥгˣ˳緹Ҷʢ˵һ¶ûˡ
Ҷϼü˵ҲöϢ찡
Ҷʢ˵ֲۡ
ո˰, ðϧ尡
ģԼĺšҶʢűⵣʣ˺, 緹ɣˣû
ûС
ǵٳԷɡ
ȳԣš
ҲС
ҶϼȽӹҶеĶ, ҶصСԴ, ȻְҶʢжϱⵣ, һ䣺֣Щʲô
ڡҶʢ±ⵣ˵
ʲôڣ
ڡ
ڲǶ𣿡
ٹһΡҶʢתͷЩε˵һ˺ò׹ڣ˭ûйãǷɺģͷڲȻǾٹһΣһɽЩҶȥ
ҶϼЦſҶʢ
Ҷʢ㿴Ҹʲô
֣뿪ˣ
뿪ˣ˵ΪԼӵùúúùҶʢ뿪ˣҶûҶγ¶ѹЩҶ˺ҲиĸģǲǸѹ
վԶһ㿴飬ǾҶεĴģҳֹ̣ܽǺ¶Ҷʢ̲ס˵˵ö˼ٳģ͸ĺˣĻҾúνǺ¶ҵøлҡ
ԣҶϼ˵ظ͡
ˣ緹ȥ
ҶʢżǰţҶŰӸţҶϼҶϼĴԣ΢ЦؿҶʢĿתҶϡ
˵ʵһʼҶпܵģҶεΪԭҲΪҶǸСӣСӶ鷳ģǻĳԺҪչˣ˵ƢȵӶеܵĳɷ֡
ǺҶؽӴһ£ҶزһģҶҲܵʱ򣬱ҲͣҲֻ᷸Ҫһ䣬Ҷܻܺõ⣬Եķʱȴ˻׵ģСʹһ
Ҷϼ̲ס룬ҪҶûֿܾ͹ȥˣûҶڣҶصĿⲻɵþʹЦˣҶػͷùöԼЦҲе㺩ظЦ
ҶϼʣСһЦʲô
Ҷػش𣺡ùЦҲЦ
֪ùΪʲôЦ
ΪҪˣǺүүһĵġ
˵öԣѹùõ˼¶ˣ
Ҷظ˼ˣҲ֪ʲôã߽Źùó緹緹֮ҶϼûҶʢȥɽҶǺҶһȥûһͲҶ
ֶ˻ûнԺӾԺϲĻ÷ϷҶҶϼ֪ҶʢãҶʢһãϲЩϷرǻһģʲô˭ϻʰ״ԪԻȵȣҶظŶ䡣
ʱҶָźˣҶϼһҶأЦ߽ԺһۿԺҶʢҶʢСϣվǱ飬ĿתؿҶʢеϸ˶ûע⵽
Ҷϼں顣
̧ͷһ裬תͷרĵؿҶʢæ
ҶϼһҶʢĻƣԭ򣬿Ҷز֪Ҷǰʣүүڸʲôѽ
̧ͷ˵үүݡ
㲻үүүҶؾ顣
үݡ
Ϸɵķ𣿡
šͷ˵Ǵม
ҶֻڶͯϿϷɵķݣƼ䣬ԶرãһֱûʵмҲģүүҵôôݣŵʣүү𣿡
Ҷʢ˵ǰ
ǲ񰡡
һֽˡ
ʲôأ
ӥ
Է𣿡
ԡ
һŪˣˣȥš
̫ˣҶؿļˣתͷҶϼʱҶϼѾɹҶˣɹһЩСҶ׼Ҷġ
ҶԱ߿ţߵҶʢǰС˵仰ҶʢʾѯʹùãһߵҶϼǰҶϼæţһߵҶʢǰҶʢݣ߶ؿʲôҪ˵
Ҷϼ̧һҶʣô棿
Ҷصͷ
ùøСҶˮһ£һҪǰˣųԣòã
áҶˬӦеµ˵ǡǡ
Ҷϼʣʲô
ҿԽзŸҲӣҲǰ𣿷ŸûаӣŸҲûпݡҶϼӦҶЩţٿ켫ˣٵذ½ŵŵ˵֤½ţŸرãҺүүڲˣҴ򻵵үүд֣ŸҲãŸررãùãҲ÷Ÿ𣿡
˵꣬ҶϢҶϼЩϲŸ磬ҲϲùãϣԼϲˣҲܹϲһֵˡ
ҶӣҶϼһЦˣ˵԰һڰ
ùãĿ𣿡
Ȼ԰ҶϼϣԼĺܹѺõһ
ǡȥŸ硣
ȥɡҶϼͷ
Ҷظ˵ؾͳ½̫̫ܣûе½̫̫ҾͿʼŸ磡Ÿ磡ֱܽ½̫̫Ժӣһ¸ܳ½ײͬʱˤڵء
Աߵ½̫̫ӴһоۣҶ½û˶һҶظ˵غ½˵Ҫٹһζڣз½һȥ
½ŲԸ⡣
ҶСһɻʣΪʲôԸⰡ
½˵˶ࡣ
ģҡүүùúġ
Ҳࡣ
డָͷôࡣ
Ҳȥ
Ϊʲôѽ
Ҷ⼸˿ʼ½֮⣬ûҹ½ţ½ҲûȥҶأԭܼ򵥡ϲ˶ࡣ
ǿԺһ£ǺҶϼ˳Է½ŲԸ⡣
Ҷز˵öóԵģ㲻𣿡
½Ų룬תͷ᷿ɳϣңšءҶģҶظͲǰ˵ĺöóԵġ
½ţ
м㻹⣬вˣ˶ҺүүֵģóԵġ

ҹùóģըгĺóԶˣһڣšۣ㰡ҶʵݳԵζӣ½ŲĿޱ̲ס鴤һ¡
Ҷؼ˵㣬㡭ù˵СӳԵĻҪע⣬ȻᱻȥҽԺǿԳ⣬ҹùû׷⣬һڣšۣúó԰

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ءһȺӵļûиǹҶصҶ½ߣ½ੲݵ˵½òרĵؿŵӣżգ۾Ҷصӡ
᷿½̫̫һĻûбԼӶ֣ĵǱҶظȻˣվſھ˵ţҪȥСҶǶԷɣ̸ȥ
½Ų
û¶ģСҶصĹùرõģСҶһˣһԸû¶ģ㿴СҶѣôãҪǲȥѹģǲǣСҶأ½̫̫תҶء
½ŸҲҶء
Ҷصͷ絷˵ţĳѹġ
½ʣȥͲѹˣ
Ҷصͷ
½ſ½̫̫
½̫̫˵ȥȥɣû¶ģ֮ǰ㶼СҶؼҳԹģβͶСҶعùһˡ
½˵
˭
顣
½̫̫½˵ʮеﲻԣҲûоᣬ½˵ģЦŰοû¶Ͷˣµģ̸Щȥ顢СҶһ԰
½ڵͷ
Ҷһ½žͳҶʢұԺ½ŰѴƷŵݵϣ㲻˵ҶϼҪƷ½ţ½ֻ˵һ䡰ǵġͲ˵ҶҶϼ˵ùãƷŸ磬Ÿ岻ãܵġ
Ҷϼʡһ£ԼҶصķŸûаɣǿҶô½ţּ½ųĬԵӣҲ˵ˣЦ˵úúã⺢ӳ濡
½Ų
Ҷ½һҶʢݣղߵʱ򣬷ݻǸܣҶʢѾüϸϸϸ߷ֽˣӥҲͣҶ½Ŷ棬ۿųεģһֻСҶأһֻС½ţ˵磬½磬㿴ӥӥ
Ҷ˵š
½İСֲŪǲ֪ץ½ŵ֣½ٴΰСֲתԶ飬ߵҶվ
ٴ֣ץգתͷһ½ܵǱˣûϵץŸҲһģĵؿŷݣֱݳͣһֻɫֽճӥˣӥ
ۣɫӥ˷ܵغ
Ҷ½ҲģҶʣŸ磬˵кɫӥ𣿡
½˵֪
𣿡
аɡ
ҶغٺһЦҲУ
½ŲԾ졣
ʱҶϼҶ½źӣӿٵԺӵСǰҶǰѧӣԾɲᡣ
ҶطĽҪүүùóԣѧ棬ȻŤŤһǲϵӣҲΪС޷ϵӣҶϼϽæϵһ£ҶĵһӾͰˣ˷ܵĲˡ
תͷ½ʱ½һнڷҶŴ׵ˮǰҶҶ½ŵ־ͳˮţȻһؽ½š
½ſ˰Ҳûпᣬʹ֣ҶϵӣҲǰˣ½ﻹǿĵģҶҲģ˵ϣмҶϼż߳½ԽԽɡ
ȵԷʱ½ҲûôнˣҲҶԵĺ˹˹˹سš
һԵҶϼЦźҶʢ˵֣㿴ųԷһǼҽĺӡ
½ű˵ĵͷ
Ҷʢ֪½ŵ½ŷƢžͿ˼䣬½ȫȻǸɽŭģҲһԽԽˣҲ½үӺ½̫̫ˣ⿪һƿĿ֣һһغȣҲڷ˵һϯžǹȥľȥˣҪһŬӡ
Ҷ½İ붮ģҶϼȴĿģȻ֪Ҷʢ¸մһǧٿǮȫҶΣûûծˡ͹һֱˣȾƣȥ᷿һƿ׾ƣҶʢһ˺һСѣ˴š
󶼻ȥСһܺãʱɫӥҲˣҶϼҶʢҲҪȥɽũҶ½ŷһȥɽŷݡ
Ҷ½źӣֻзŷݵľ飬׸Ͱְַźˣ߰ѽϣ⾭ͬޡ
Ҷʢֻŷݽ棬˺һһŷݣһ߰ѣһܣȵݿʼҪƮʱ÷ݵķſݣ߰ѵļǰܣߡ
ҶغҶʢ˼ΣҶʢ۵ĶˣҲûаѷݷҶϼЦ˵֣ǲˣԼɣȥȥ
УҶأԼɡ
ҶشӦ
ҶʢҶϼɽȥˣȻˣעɽµĺǣҶԾ߰ѣһ÷ݣһ½÷ݣһһεܣܵС˵ģҲûаѷݷ
Сüͷ˵磬Ųġ
Ҷ˵Եġ
Ų̫ˡ
ǵģǷ򲻶ԣû磬ܷҪܷҶؽ͡
Ǹ磬ı߲أʡ
ҶҲСüͷ
½źҶһ̧ͷɽϿɽдеľ˵Ŀɽ£˳żСҰҰݣ£һɫСҰ΢΢ĸƬ֮СҰͣб
Ҷ½ͬʱָ˵Ǳ磡
鿴ߡ
Ҷ½һҶ߰ѣ½ŷݣҶ˵Ÿ磬ܿ㡣
½˵á
һһܡ
á½ŵͷ
һ


ܣ
Ҷ½һŷǰܣһźɫ£һɫ£ĨԱһǰ壬һֱһֱ壬嵽ڶ߿ʼХʱһ𺰣ţ
žͿɫӥһûʲô½ͻȻ˵Ҷأӣܡ
ڸԶź磬ܿ㣬磬ͣ
Ҷһ߷һܣҲһͷݣǸо˷
ȷʵ𣬲Զ½ŰͷţƵĺɫӥߣֳӥķˣһƬ˳΢ɼķߣ¿źɫС£һܵҶأЦˣ¶ݵЦЦĿֲʧ档
һͻȻҶغŸ磬ܲˣȾңȾѽȾҺͷѽ


40 
½Ŷȥ, ͼҶŷ߻ڱţܱߺžȾ, ½˲̧ӳҶ׷ȥ
ʱҶصĲѾ࣬½źܿ׷ϣӹҶ߰ѣҶЪϢһ, ǰСһ·̣Ҷʢţˣ߰Ѳˡͣս, ͷһݹȻϷš
Ҷظ˵ܹ˵Ÿ, ݷ, ûеˡ
½ŵͷ
Ҷת徰ɽүү, ùã
ҶʢӦһ
Ҷָմݷˡ
ǿˡ
ɺøߣ
, ɡ
áҶػ, Զײײܵ飬Ͻӭȥ, סС˵飬, ݷˣ
, , Ҳ߰ѣҲŷݡ
һŸˣ͸øţòã
á
Ҷ½ŸǰһСεаĺɫӥԶ½ڵ峺УŶȻյ㽺ϲһֱţôҲƵġ
ʱ½طߣѷݷŵĸ߸ߵģѾȶˣѽݰѵݸҶأ˵档
Ҷ˵ȸ档
档½żᶨصҶ˵
Ǻðɡ
Ҷؽӹ˷ܵһ½ŵͬ£Žݰѽ飬һݰٴ䵽ҶصУҶŷɽɽ£ҪҶʢҶϼɻ
ʵҲûʲôǿ߲˳ƣ׽һ׽˼ĳӣһĲݣҶʢûҶظɻҶر½ɽʯͷϣɽ·ŷݣҲͿ·ˣҶ岩СӣǿһҶأС˵ʲôߴߴˡ
Ҷز֪˵ʲôͻȻ뵽˰ְֵ飬һӵˣԴҲŴһԵ½ż״Ҷء
Ҷ̧ͷ½š
½ʣôˣ
ҶطʣŸ磬Ǻ𣿡
½żᶨ˵ǡ
һӵĺ𣿡
š
ǻ𣿡
ᡣ
Ҷسһ£ʣǡǻ˵Ķӣ𣿡
ᡣ
Ҿǻ˵Ķӡ

ҶЩҰְ֡Ұְˡ
½һȻ
Ҷؿһ½ŵı飬˵ΪҰְ˻£ץˣǻ£Ρ

εľǴˡ

Ÿ磬㻹Ը𣿡
Ը⡣½źɵ˵
Ҷ۾̷ʣġ
½ŵͷǻˣֲǻˡ
ԣҶһ˾Сûмְְִ֣֡ĶͲмӵԼһ߼Լֵ˵ףôְ˵ģϲΪиְ֣Զ
ڿҶ岩Сֹʱ뵽ǿְֹ֣˵һ÷ŸˣʱŸҪǲˣĵģϽ½ѯʣõĴ𰸺˶ˣٴλѺүүĻ˵½˵ԺҪúѧΪһõĺˣͬʱȰ½ҲҪĵ
½ſҶЦˡ
Ҷظ˵Ÿ磬ԺҪЦЦүү˵ЦһЦʮ٣ǱСͷġ
½һ°ˡ
Ҷز½ˣ½ë٣н񱣬ҶκθԿ˧ǽ˵ÿ
ҶظϽȣŸСͷҲǺÿСͷ
½ţ
ǸÿСͷ

ǲȻǳÿСͷ
½ٿһ̧ͳɽߣҶظϽȥ׷һֱ׷½żңһ½ſһͯӰҶزŸо½ŲôˣʱѾǰҸʼˣҶһ½ŵҳԷ
½ֹ̫̫ˣ˵һҳ԰
ҶذСʣ½̣Ϊʲôܣ
½̫̫ͻȻҶƺһ㣬ཱུģֻ˿һĶˣ̫ϲҶ⺢ˣЦ۾˵Ϊʣñ֪ˣЦŰԵġ
Ҷ΢һ˼½̫̫˵еǺðɣ÷Ÿ絽ҼҳԷ
С½̫̫ͷ
ǷŸ½ټҶ½̫̫½ŻӶС֡
һ¡½̫̫סҶأӳ˳һǴŹǸҶأ֪ҶرϲǴŹǣҶڼԷģҶعùͣҶԷҲ̫ʣԸղŶһŹǣҶشؼҳԡ
Ҷϲһֱ˼ܣܾǷ˱ˣ֪ôǲӵģ鶼Ҫˮˣ½̫̫һֱֻýˡ
½̫̫Ҷض˲ȣ˸СҶؿŻȥҶ˵½̣͵ӻรΪ춼Ҫˡ
½̫̫Ц˵á
Ҷתͷ½˵ټȻˡ
½ת˶¥վǰſ𳯼ߵҶأҶһֱֹһԣѵ飬ر𶺣̲סЦһͷԼͷԼֱС
»½̫̫ЦˣЦŽ˿̲ס绰زҽĺ룬ҽԼӵõҽĻظ֮½̫̫ٴЦϵ绰ߣӣʹԼѧָʳҶسԡ
ҶضԴ˻Ȼֱֱ֪ҶʢջҶϼϴˣŮֲղ˵¶Ҷؿһȡ
Ҷػͷ׷ˣһѶͷϵϸùúүүǴŹǵҶϼҶʢһۣغҶ˵ֶ̣Ҫ̰ͼСˡԼ޹»ԼСӣű˵ϲǰŵȥһЩԽߵ¶
Ҳ֪ڽѵԼ
Ҷȴˣܿģܹ˽һرֵ¶
ѵѵˣҶϼ˵ξˣ´βܱ˵Ķ֪𣿡
Ҷصͷ˵֪
أ
Ҳ֪˵
ǾͳŹǰɡ
ҵүүùһԡҶ˵
ҶϼԾЦˣ˵үүùæţȳԣûϵģùǳԣǾͳԡ
Ǹүүùһ룬ҺһС롣
ðɡ
Ҷϼһֻһ룬ʣһڰϣҶϽȥϴС֣ѴںΧڰǰץŹǿŹһڣӾͿֵЦˡ
һԵҶʢҶϼһۣ죬Ľղ˵¶׬ǮǮ¶ɽµһƬӵĳڵȵȡһŹǵҶضڶ
˸ھӼҵĹ·СԵĽڹѪӵעٰ죬תͷ﷭һ࣬ǵůӳүүϣڵͶүүӰӣżù߶Ӱصһ𣬸оǳ׽
ҶؿŹǵĶһͣԼӰӣŲԼĵӣǰһԼӰӿүүӰӣȵù߶ʱùõӰܺصһоļˣ̲סתͷùá
ùҶϼʣСһŹǣ㿴Ҹʲô
ҶغٺһЦ˭Ҳ֪ж໶ϲϲʱһһһһһͷŹǣŹǲŸտ꣬ˡ
س֮Ҷϼʰ꣬ҶʢιţιҶιڣæ֮ҶҶϼԺҶʢСŪĵӡ
Ҷʢޱ߸˵һЩ¡
˵ҶʢСʱԲϺȲϣӣһ˴һӵٱ糤һˣӸɻֵӣٱҶ̽ʱĲһͷҶ̵ļױһȵȡ
ЩҶϼûְ֪æµûʱ˵ЩҶǵһͻСһ֪ģҶ΢һ㣬ţúȤҲرүү
˯ʱҶʢı§ҶʢĲ˵үүԺǶӡ
ҶʢЦ˵𣿡
ţǻ׬ǮǾͲӡ
үүûǮ˰
ǴеǮأ
ûˡ
Ϊʲôûˣ
ʲôģûˡ
Ҷ£ʵ˵үүûϵû׬׬˭ҲˣԼ
ҶʢǿİҶÿ춼ĺܿģôûй̤ʵ뿪ģооһиֵõġ
˵ãԼ
ҶصͷүүǿԴùûĶԲԣ
ԡ
Ҳ÷򡣡ҶܸоԷɵĺá
С
顣
ţŸ硣
ǵȻŸõĺѡҶ룬˵裬Ҳ軨òã
áҶʢҶصСʣȲȣ
Ҷظ˵Ȱ
Լ˯
ҲҪүү˯Ҷ§ҶʢĲӡ
ҶʢǺǵЦʣûŵүүϳ𣿡
ûУүүġ
Ҷʢô˵ţʵǷǳĵģֻ۾ҶصСԴ˵ҪʼˣɽɽµĲ˾½ˣǾҪæˡ
æڲ𣿡Ҷ̾ʡ
Ҳȫˣժء
ժʲôѽ


41 
Ҷʢǰֲ, Ʒֲ֡ʱ䡢ڡʵӰ죬Ⱥ˳Ҳͬ, ش˵ժĲ˿ɶˡ
ҶʣǶʲôأ
ҶʢҲӷ˵ǰ, ˣ֮ǰǻһǴء
Ҷظ˵Ŷ, , ŸҲŴˡ
ԣӵľҪժ
ǻ𣿡Ҷʡ
ҶʢЦŻش𣺡лƹϰ
أ
ӰҶʢ˵ЩҪһ죬Ҫȳ޷
ϳ޷𣿡
šر, Ȼڳ, ڶջ, ֵʱһ, ʱ, ԰γղ˳, ո缦, ʵġˣܴо鳤Ҳ޷, Ҫ޷޷, , ʱͱ, ҶӰήġ
Ҷؽʣүү𣿡
Ҷʢ˵ûУֻǰеӪ˸Ǵ⣬ԳԿҩҲ֣װֽ棬ջˡ
ۣð
ǰҲÿ׶ζÿ׶μֵܴഫ
үү𣿡
ǰеҲ磬ˣеˣʵšҶʢп˵
Ҷزʣ˻ǻأ
ҶʢЦ֪ҶСЩ㲻Ҷ˵ת˵ˣ˵˵ͬʱɵþͼһЩСµġ
ҶĽζͲסϮſҶʢ˯ˣҶʢҶصСԴ׼˯
תֵͲֵͲڴͷϣǰֵͲ˱±۾ԳԼϻˣֵͲŵͷҶعɵıϢӰ죬ҶʢܿҲ˯ˡ
Ҷʢ糣ܲɽڲˣˣȵҶȻʱѴϽԼ·ܳ䣬һۿԺҶʢҶϼ
ҶʢһҶز֪ĹߣҶϼһ̵޷Ҷʣүүȥɽˣ
Ҷʢ˵ǰ
ȥ𣿡Ҷزĵʡ
˰
ôң
ùòúġҶʢҶϼҶϼЦſҶ˵ǷŷݣǷܵģ϶ˣùù޷ˣԾͺүүһȥɽϣ˯һ˰
ǲ˶ˣ
ˡҶϼҶزĵӣЦ˵ùȥгϿñ塢ˣǻأ˵һ첻Ͷˡ̾ǸŮˣһҶؾˣҶؾͿʼˡ
ҶñǶԼˣǡеϲе㲻˼ŲҶʢߣҶʢϣһºߣҶʢеĹߣʣүүõʲô
ӡ
Ǹʲôģ
޷İ
ҶתͷҶϼԼű޷˵Щӳģ
ǰ
ôô࣬Ϊʲô
ЩŸùôߵġ
Ķ
ùüҰ
ҶСһʣùҪؼˣ
Ҷʢ˵ǰݼٶˣûȥϰˡ
ܲ𣿡
ܰ
Ҷ᲻ã֪ùҪߵģľǸŹùú棬ŹùʰʰǣȻʼ͹ùú顣
ʱҶʢҲʰ˰ӵĲ飬Ϊǰ裬һΣûпޣֻҶص֣ҶʢҶϼվߡ
һ·ҶϼҶʢ˵ͣ˵֣Ҫע塣
Ҷʢ˵֪
ɽʱøȣˤˡ
á
У¶㲻Ҫ̫ˣȻǹҹܽǾùҹ̰ܽɣԼ
úúá
а׬ǮҪôƴڹߺãѧûôǮģôѹ
֪֪
С
ˣˣϽϳɡ
ҶϼһӹȻˣһ飬߰ɡ֡
Ҷص˵磬ม
Ҷ˵á
½绹ม
ţǵ㡣
š
СַŵҶϼУҶϼ˹Ҷʢ߲˵ȥŹλƵˣҶʢ̾һͷҶء
ҶذͷҶʢ˵үү᲻ùùú顣
үүҲ᲻á
һһۺһһҶʢ˵߰ɣؼҰɡ
ҶסҶʢָͷһ𳯼ߣ·ˣҶʢͣ˴кŴк˱㿪˵һ䣺˵ˣ
Ҷʢϲ̫ÿʣô֪ģ
˭˭ĸŮֶйϰģ˵Ҫ룬ǲģ
ġҶʢɫЩΡ
ѽô
¡

ǸæǾȻؼˡ
úúã̫ˣʲô¶¶

Ҷʢ֪˿ֻǳں棬Ƕ⣬óʣʵܣҶܣôɣԽǲЩ¶Խ·Ͼ
˵Ҷκ롣
˭˵ģ
ȫ˶֪ˡ
ļٵİ
İ㲻ǵǰҶүӳźüûΪ¶
Ҷξûһ顣

²ţ´ǧҶε¶ȫ֪ˣЩţѹû뵽ҶغҶʢҶСһҶʢ֣Ҷʢע⣬С˵үү˵˵ģǲǾͺˣǺˡ
Ҷ峺ӣҶʢľ徻ܶ࣬ЩҲˣҶؼߵûһҶΰˣ˵˵ϹҶεĴԣѯһǲģҶǵ˻ǣ浽ȷظҶʢԼɲҶαĹ
ҶʢҶΰ䣬Ҷΰ֪Ҷε¶ҲǣԼĵˣȫԼǷҶʢһǮ
ҶʢҲûᣬ˽ҶΰҶΰ϶ʱ̼һǮ¶ᣬͷҶʢۣҶʢͷӣȴϺͿҶΰһʱ䣬һ겻Ǯȥ
ԿҶΰԶҶʢҲûкסûһ½̫̫½үӴ½ŹˣҲ˵¶ǲҲ׷ԭҲǿЦģʵΪҶҶʢǡ
˵½үӴ绰һЩȨѣ˵ʱһˣûʲôɷֲɷ֣Ҳûʲôǣ⣬ֻҪҶԺб£ܹõģҶʢõģͬʱһ˵Ů¶ҼҶбľ
ͷεţ˵˶ģûп޳ﵹǿˣҪʱҶܹ˵үүԤ˵Ҫѩˣ
ҶʢʣԤʲôʱ˵ģ
˵ѽҺͷŸڿӰǵ·ˡ
á
Ҷܳ俪ʼ·
½̫̫½үҶʢҪæҲͲˣ½ʱ½űʾԸȥϾ½ҶҶʢʰ
½ŵͷ
½̫̫½үҲˡ
½תͷҶʱҶԺӲͣȥһ·᷿ܣһŵӳ꣬һŴӽݷ½ſ˺һǿˣҲҶذԺĶáᡣ
ҶʢǰСϣԺɨһ飬ѲѴţţЩŪˣҶʢϽͷǰҶϼ˸绰ȷҶϼѾˣҲˡ
ӷ»ûеƣҶʢ۵ĶͷðҶأЦǰҶĨһѺʣԤʱ¶ûУ
Ҷذһ˵ˡ
졣½ͻȻڡ
ҶתͷʣҪ𣿡
½ŵͷҶʢţӿڴͳСֻһԤȷʵʾ꣬ҶʢҶؽ䣬ϻֿժϻ֮Ҷʢ˵찡ţĲݲ
Ҷʣô죿
ȥɣøţһɡ
үүҲȥ
á
үүҪҪҲԵİѼţʹڷһ𣬴ҶеĵһֻҪҶʢΪΪţǣҶؾͻΪڿǡ
ڱˣһڶβҶתƣҶûڣֱֱҶʢ
Ҷʢȥ˵ãڳԹĻǵʣ͹ˡ
ҶŷģҶʢȻͬʱһԵ½ţ½˵Ҳȥ
ҶҶʢһ˵ãһСһֻһⵣСѲӣһͳɽߣھɽ¾вҰݣҶʢ΢΢ݣҶ½СӲСݣݶ̲ݣдţԵĲݱװʱɫˡ
Ҷʢűⵣ첽ߣҶ½ŴС׷һңžˣ½ҶʢҶأվڴĨСţ˵ѽˡ
ҶʢЦˡ
½ŸҲǡ
ҶضСŴںԴ˵ڣҿûУ
ڵҡͷҶء
ҶؾŴڵĺ
ѲҶصС֣һͷҶرһ£ҶظϽſڣĨһѱӣŻڣ˵С
ڸҶУԹԵ˦ϵˮҶתͷٿʱˡ
Ҷʢ˵ˡ
Ҷʣүү𣿡
ðׯҪء
Ƕµɡ
ǿɲУС죬ÿˡҶʢ˵֮϶һˡ
Ϊʲô϶أ
궼ģүүҲ֪ԭġҶʢ˵
ů½ͻȻ˵
ҶҶʢͬʱ½ʣʲôů
½˵Ҳ֪Ҿǿӿ
ҶʢЦ˵žǴӾܼסԺ϶ҲĻˣҶ֮š
Ҷظž˵ԣŸŸ㡮֪Ҳǳġ
Ҷʢᴵ
½ſһҶأ΢΢ͷ죬鲻Խؾﻶϲĺܡ


42 
ҶҶʢϰ½ŵĳĬ, Ҳûпȥע, תĿͶ, ˢľ·桢, һʱͣӡ
Ҷʢתͷ½ţ˵, ´, ȥˣҶүү԰ɣ
½Ȼͷ
ʲô
ԡ
Ҷүүϡ, ²˺в
С
Ǿô˵ˡ
½˵֮, Ҷʢȸ½̫̫˸绰˵½ųԷĻ֮󣬱, ҶظϽ½Ž, һҶؾͿʼæµˣһŰ, һժ², һְջ, Էʱ, øҶʢ, ԹԺҪϴ룬ȻҶʢûҶϴ
Ҷر½ڷ½ŵֻϷ, д, , һֱ, Ҷʢоĺ䣬½Ŷˣ½Żؼҡ
ҶظϽ˵үүͣͷŸ硣
ҶʢֳһѴɡʣ𣿡
еģ·رȣܲҲȡҲˤġ
ãȥذ
ҶصͷӹҶʢĴɡ˵վ½˵Ÿ磬ѼѽֱҶҧͱˡѼһֱĿɰ
Ҷʢվڷ΢Ц
½ɡ
Ҷ˫ֳɡѣתͷ˵үүټ
Ҷʢ˵Сıˤ˰
֪Ҷش½߳䣬߳Ժӣͷ˵үүڼһͻม
ҶʢվڴôӦ
Ҷųɡ½ǰߣţһɷ紵СָϽץɡ½ƫƫ½ſҶһֽۣӹɡ˵򡣡
½űҶظһһ㣬ҲԴһ㣬һɡҶؾˣɵһͷ
½ѵÿ⣺㿴ʲô
Ҷػش𣺡үү
үүʲô
үүûܡ
ֲСӡ½ܡСӵġ
˰
ôˣ
·Ҳ᲻ȵѽǲˤӵģϸ֪𣿾Ҷ岩Ļëëүү׷ҹʱ򣬲СˤˣͽҽԺˣڻûкá죬·ûģҪҪүүˤˣ۵ģҲѹġ
½ſҶû˵
ҶֹּҾһүү
Ҳһ
㻹̡

үүرңҲҪүү˵ҶֻͷһڳҶʢǵ½Ҳ̲סͷһۣС˵һ䣺үүҲҡ
ȻСҶػˣž˵ǰүү̶ģҲҪүү̺ãΪүүʹˣò׵ģôףҶҲ֪ʵҲ⣬ֻô˵Ҳô˵ôȰǶԵľˡ
½ԲɡҶĬĬǰߣûߵҾҶغ½̣
½̧ͷһ½̫̫ɡ߹Ц˵СҶذŻˣ
ţүү˵ˣҲҪˣ÷Ÿġ
ԣллСҶء
ÿ
½̫̫Ц۾Ҫ½һҶػؼңҶظϽܾʾԼԻؼңһתܿҶʢվڴó߿ţҪ͵ġ
½̫̫գȻ½˵ţǻؼҰɡ
½ſҶء
Ҷֽӹɡ˵Ÿټ
½½̫̫ɡУ½̫̫§½ŵĲӣҽɡ΢΢½ţΪ½̫̫ûע⵽ǰ½Ҳע⣬ڻעˣɵ̧½̫̫½̫̫׵ͷ½̫̫ơ
½̫̫Ȼ֪һֱżϿŴɡҶأ̲סһ䣺СҶأҪˮม
ҶؿŴɡתͯʻQСһգӦһ½̣Ҳˮ
ãֱ߻ؼҡ
á
Ҷٴת½̫̫һԲԲɡ棬Լɡ֮·ɿСȣ½̫̫ĶҶ⸱ģڻˣһתͷԼԼЦʣţ̸ʲô
½ŵͷ˵
½̫̫˵߻ؼҰɡ
ҷ㡣
½ͻȻڵͬʱַ½̫̫ĸ첲½̫̫˶סˣӾȻȻ̫ˣ֪ܹ˵ģûκ쳣ΪЦеʣΪʲô̰
½̫̫Ϊ½ֻ᲻½ȴˣ˵˲ˤӡ
˭˵ģ
Ҷء
½̫̫üĲɵþչˣʣԣˤӣۣ𣿡
½һ
½̫̫˵һ䡰Ǽáûж˵ص֮½̫̫ͿƲסԼˣ½үӾͰ¶˵ˣ˱½ţһҽ绰ȿֺҽ˵½ŵ
˵㣿ҳˤۣҽʡ
ǰ
Ǻ˵ѾʼٹرԼʼԼųע˵УҲԸͱ˴ԽԽõģϴ飬Ҿͷ˺ܶࡣ
½̫̫½үӸ˼ˣ½̫̫Ц˵ⶼΪһСҶأǺԻãҲҼƣСÿ߶߶߶߶˵ͣǰҼŸ߶߶ˡ
ҽ˵ĺӽӴǺõġ
ǰǰ½̫̫֮࣬е㵣˵ţֻǺϤǲԸİ˽Ӵİ˳Էġ
𼱣Ѿܴˡ
½үӸž˵½̫̫һ䣺ǰ𼱣ʲô㡣
½̫̫һ䣺һ
½үԶԡ
ϵ绰˵ĿĲʱ½̫̫Լ׼Сʳ׼͸Ҷسʱ½žܾˣԭܼ򵥡ˣ·ˤӡ
½̫̫½үӶӵģûȥڶģ½½̫̫ĳƶסըϹϱţɵȵȣҶʢңݸҶء
Ҷ峺۾˲䷢â뵽ù˵ܱĸ裬ûҪ½̫̫绰ҶʢҶʢҶؽ½̫̫ʳ
죬ҶʢΪȫҲûڲˡ
Ҷ½ÿ춼һҪôǴʳ½ҿӰͯͼ飬½̫̫½үӽ£ҪôҶʢд֣ϷʳһЩũҶʢȥżҲſţʳ꣬ȻҶض½Ŵʺƨ½ŴıסЦ
֮ʮֳʵȻԤʾˡ
ˣһ¾ˣҶʢûҶ·Ǽᶨһ棬ﶳѾǴˣҶʢǹ᳹š桱ҶҲشźɫ£׼ȥɽڲժ׬ǮǮ
Ҷʢ˵ڲժ
Ϊʲôѽ
ĵˣģǲ·Ҳժġ
ôأ
ٵ죬̫ѵɹˣǾժˡ
ǺðɣǾ͵ȵȡ
ȷʵ죬ܿͱɹˣϳ극½Ŵ󻨹ˣѴŵ󹫼ĳֳţǰܡ
ҶĶźڣ
ھǲ
ҶʢЦ˵һ󻨾ˡ
ҶܹҪѴקڡߴǲҳҶɿ˵Ҳˣ
ҶʢЦ½ţţǹĻĸģ
½˵ġ
Ҳǹģܴ󻨿ȽװɡҶʢתͷأҶأ˵ˣҶأܴˣȥɽɡ
ҶسڡߡһҶʢ½ŴŴ뿪Ժӣߵ·ϵʱͿڴԺǽĹ˳ԶԶظҶء
ҶأͻȻԴھûˡ
ֻͷһ۴ڣҶرʹ󻨹˵󻨣һҼҴڹʱ㲻ҪҧรرԵġ
󻨹Ҷء
ҶؾԼˣҲûٹܴˣҶʢ½ɽ£һۿľðһصũ
Ҷ̲סۡһ
Ҷʢһյϲãʣ˰ɣ
Ҷ͵ͷ˵˺ö࣬׸˶Ҹˡ
ţΪүˮҶʢ˵
Ҷظžͽһ䣺үˮӪˡ
û
Ҫڲ𣿡
ȿȵժԣժժȥˡ
Ǿȿ
ҶҶʢ½ڲɽһȦֵɽϿһȦˮȣǸշѿģտģǸսģͳһڣ֪ǽԭ򣬻ΪСҶأũﳤĳĺá
ǿϹϡеѸӵȵȣʮֺãһСɽʱ򣬻ժ˼ƹϳԡ
ԴĻƹϵ棬ޱȣҶسҶʢ½˵úó԰
ʲôóԡҶʢת½ţţô
𣬺ܴࡣ
һȥүү̳һ
½ŲԸãֱܻؼˡ
ĩ˻ҶʢʵĻƹϡ޷Լɽ㶹ȹȥԸл½̫̫½үӶҶصĺãȵҶʢʱ򣬾ͿҶվڼſڣС˵
ˣ
Ҷʢö˵ģǸȻ߲ר˵ģû뵽һһֱҶʢ߲ˣҶʢǰһ󣬱˵ûв˵ʱǸרţռط𣿡
Ц˵ôռطأûв˵ʱǸרҾ͸ĳͼƬǽأв˵ʱרͰڳΪסϿͻ
ҶʢͷۣҪĲˣ׬Ǯˣһ̸֮ҶʢҶشͳɽߡ
һɽɽ£ͿˣЩˣ͸˵ĲУټɽһƬ˵ʱˣ˵Ҷ壬ôôˣ
һֳģǰ֣ҲһֵġҶʢҶصСԴ˵ÿ춼Сɽһˣһ㣬ֵĿɲͶˡ

ҲûʲôʵûжٲˣҪɽϿֲ˵Ҳġ
ϲõĴָԱߵİʵ˵Ҷ壬㻹ʲô
ƻ
㻹ƻʲôʱƻ
ţҶ˵ϲƻҾȥгһЩˮӣֱɽϣܻܲһҪܻҲһԺܽӡ
Ҷ壬Ĵˣʵ߲ˣ伦⵰оԼҪˣҲܲôˣҶʢ˵˼֮󣬱ȷʵժ߲ˣժһժ
һСʱŪһĲߣõǮҶʢҲ̤ʵˣǮţ˭ˣ֮Ҷʢʼ˼һ⣬Ǿǲ̶ˣҶժô죿ֵһЩء
Ҷͷ룬˵ժ÷Ÿæժ
Ҷʢ˵ŸСӣæҲժꡣ
Ǿ¡
˭
Ҷطʣ˭أ


43 
˭أ
⻹Ǹ, ҶʢһʱҲ벻ʵ, ¶Ҳż, ҶʢûȥתҶ˵Ȳ, ժ, ˵
˵뵽ˡ
ԡҶʢ˼һ, ˵ʱ򻹵ø㹤ʡ
㹤ʰ
ǰ˾Ǵ, ȻҪˡ
Ҷ΢΢ü򹤺͹ʵ¶, Ҷʢһ, ԼСӸɰ, ̲סС˵ˣ, ȻؼҺúϢϢժˣʻ
Ҷ˼˲䱻ž˵һ䣺ʾĿ졣

ҶѧҶʢ˵һ, źҶʢһժ˹, Ŵڻ˼ҡ
Һ, ү緹, 緹֮, Ŵڵɽ·ţ, һʱ֮, ũǣӲҲǣţͷ̧𵽰ԵԲģҶʢǣŴţߡ
ҶؿŴţĶ˵үүƵĶӳԺô󰡣һ󡣡
ҶʢЦ˵ΪԱˡ
Ա˸øɻˡ
ڲɻ
Ϊʲôɻأ
ΪڲɻҶʢ˵֪үүΪʲôţ𣿡
Ϊүү˵ţء
ţΪʵүүɽϴţϻ˯ǽǣȺġҶʢҶһۣ˵꣬Ҷ꼶ʱ򣬾Ͱˡ
Ϊʲôأ
ѧѧѰҶʢѾָҶشѧʲôġ
ҪôðҶؽ˵һ䣺ѧүүѧѵģȵʮһŵʱͻҽѧѵġҪţ
Ҷһ׾Ͷ˺Ͷˣ̺ҶʢЦ˵ʱ򿴰ɣţͦģһǮء
ۣöǮ
ɣ
ţöࡣ
Ƕࡣ
ҶʢƵıҶظƵĶӣүҺɫͰԹ֮ڵӻǰƬҶʢڴͷǰǮҪȥǮˣǮ׼ˣõ绰ˣҶʢֽ֮˵ҶأŸĵ绰
ǷŸҰҶؿĵ˵ͷϽιŸ硣
½ʣʲôˣ
ɽţѽ
ôң
Ҫȥ𣿡
½ڱ˶˲ˡ
Ҷؼ˵Ҳ֪Ҫȥ㶼ûк˵

Ҷ룬ּ˵춼ȥˣҪȥ㣬ɽ𣿡
½ڷá
õ㡣
ʲôȥ
ҪȥժˣժҪүүȥгˣҪ緹緹ҺүүҪ˯ȥţġҶһһ˵
ã֪ˣȥ㣬
ãǷŸ硪Ҷػδ˵꣬Ͳﴫཡཡ죬ֹһ䡰Ұѻ˵ꡱһҲذѵ绰ϣڵϼƬ
Ƭ֮󣬱ʹϻҶʢڵ飬ûƴֶүүүүľͻȦȦͷʷŸ磬ƪ֮үڴۣʲôСñ˵һֱ˵˯
ڶҶʢʱܲԺſվһСӣ۾ǰϳ½ţŰ
½Ŵɫ˶СҶүүССȴһӢҶʢЦʣô?
ɽժˡ
ү֪𣿡
֪
½̫̫½үǰҶʢ˵½ȥһЩ飬˵ԣĲкôرȻӴǺ¶
Ҷʢûоܾ½ŵĺ⣬ЦŰ½Ժӣ½ŰҶغѣȥϡ
½תߣʱ򷿼ﻹǻ谵һƬĵƣҶڴϺ˯š
һҶءҶûѣվҶصĴ߿Ҷ˯˯СƵģεС½ûٺ
ȵҶʢʱͿ½վڴǰҶ˯Ц˵ţôҶأ
½˵
˾Ͳˡ
½ſһҶأû
ҶʢǰҶصСҶѣҶ۾һ¿½ţ۷⣬˷ܵغŸ磡
½΢΢תҶء
Ҷ˿Ӱ죬һſϣСԴֺŸ磡ˣ
½ššһ
ҶʢЦŽҶص·ŵϣ˵ŸŸˣϽ·ˣˡ
ҶûкȥϽ·ˢһϡȻװӺҶʢ½һ𳯾ɽߡ
Ÿ磬һӳԡ
Ҷֵݸ½һӵͬʱѾʼҧϵİˣ½Ŵûб߱߳ԶûֵܹݸİӣҶصݹģԥؽ˹ҶһҧһڣоӺóԣоһɵþ
ɽ֮󣬺ҶҶʢһժˣժ֮½žҪؼҡ
Ҷʢʣţ㲻ȥг
Ҳȥ˵½ųˡ
ҶذСҶʢ˵үүŸ绹Ǻ˶ࡣ
Ҷʢһ
Ҷ˵ŸԺͲˡ
ԣ߰ɡ
ү·гϣһñ̯λһ𣬴ñòҶأҶ˵һ֮תͷĲˣ̣Ц˵Ҷ壬ʣϸժģ
޷ģǸժġ
ģ˵ʡ
ҶʢЦ˵ҪȻôü۸أ
ǰҶʢ֪г۸֪߲֮˱ȱҵ߲΢ôһ㣬ΪʡȻҶߺţÿζڶʱ⡣
ҶظһߺȣвˣҶʢкͬʱһϤˣһŻɫˣ̽
Ҷʢ̺˳ӣ
Ҷ̧ȥ룬ϳ˳ӣүүʱүүҪծȻүүǮǸˣ˳ӡ
˳ԾϲؿҶʢҶϸ磡
Ҷʢ˼죬˱ߺ˳ӺѣҲʲô⣬ʣ˳ӣþò˰
˳Щ˵ǰ
ô
ɡ
ʱи˵˼ˣҶʢӦһ䣬˳˵˳ӣվţˡ

˳ӦһվҶʢԱߣһԼܳȥˣû뵽ӿԽԽˣ߲ҶҶʢæҲ˼վţ׾شֱ֣߲ˣûŵȺŽɢȥ
Ҷʢпպ˳˵˳Ǹʵͽˣ֮ǰΪȱǮҶʢҪҶǷծҶʢˬˣе㲻˼Ҷʢ˵ܾе顣
Ҷʢܿ췢⣬˵˳ӣǰǹϵðôˣ
˳˵Ҷϸ磬ϴǮ¶ҼʵѣԲҡ
֪Ҷ֪ҶʢЦ˵ϴβǺ˵û
ǡ
ôǷǮĶûʲôǮ˵ʲôƵġ
ҪǮģӡ
ҵġҶʢ˵ҪȻģҲǲǣ˵ҵֵֵܰˣӦõġ
˳Ӳ֪˵ʲô
Ҷʢתʣϵģʲô
˳˵˰
ʲôˣ
ЩССϱϲԵġ
ССϱ𣿡
ˡ˳һɫ˵ˡ
˲Ǻ¶ô
˳̾ϢһССϱ¶˵ҶʢʵҲûʲôƷ¶ССϱ⣬û׬ʲôǮĺӷŵһˣܲСӰɡ
ԴߵĸֳֶգǰݺҲˣ˵ɵɢȥյʳ㹤ģҲ׬һСǮ
Ҷʹˣ³¶лҲˣϰڼһ㣬ûʲô⣬ڶϱѴҲְһû
Ҷʢ̾
ҶҶʢ棬Ҷʢʮ飬һ޴أʱʱ̿ҶعŸָ֪ʶҶźӵ棬Ҳе㲻һڣ׵˳үү¶СüͷɵţȻüͷһչ˵˳үүүү򹤰үү㹤ʰ
˳һ㶡
Ҷʢתͷ˵㲻ܺ˳үү˳С
Ҷ֪Լ˵Сһ죬ſҶʢ䣬СʣүүҺʲô
Ҷʢ˵ڼ㺰үˡ
Ҷصͷ̳˳Ӻү
˳ЦӦүˣýүⰡ⺢濡ΰģ
ǡҶʢһ£˵εġ
˳΢һ£Ǻܹܿͨ޹ģҶɱ΢ЦʱҶʢٴ˼ҶصĻʣҶأոյ˵ʲô
Ҷػش𣺡ү
䡣Ҷʢ˵үүү򹤣
Ҷصͷ
Ҷʢ˼ؿ˳ӡ
˳ʣҶϸ磬ʲô
Ҷʢûش𣬶ʰ׼ñⵣʱ˳ӸϽ˵Ҷϸ磬
û¶
ұͣ׳ʵƵġ˳ӺذѱⵣȻʣȥĶ
ҶȻش𣺡ȥɽϡ
ҶʢԿҶء
ҶذСʣүү˵ĶԲԣ
ҶʢЦҶصСԴԼˡ
Ҷؿĵ˵Ҵ·
ã·
ҶСȣǰܣʱͷ˳˵үǰ档
ã㡣
Ҷǰš
Ҷʢں˳ӽԼġСũ
Ҷܵ·ڵʱ򣬳ԼԺӴ󺰺ڣߣ
ԺǽĹĬˡһһСӹɲǾʹ
ڣ
ҡβ͡
ߣҶСһӣɽȥ
ڱ׷Ҷء
ں˳˵Ҷϸ磬ˣ⹷ô
еǵСĺܣҵĴ󹫼¡Ҷش·߼ģҶضãҶҲ׵ĺܡ
˳ӿ·ϴСڹܵҶأҶЦݣתͷҶʢ˵Ҷϸ磬ôҶҶɩأ
ɣҶʢһ
񣬳õǸþҲ񡣡
Ҳ񡣡
˵ž͵˾ɽ£͵߲ˣ˳ӵһ㶣תͷ˵Ҷϸ磬ôôˣ
ҶʢЦ
ҶسرŴ˵үɽϻвأҺүүֵġ
ֵģ
šҶذѴڷ£Сһ˵һܳöСײ˳ü򵥵ġ
ü򵥣
Ҷʢ˵ҪɽʺãҪʩʲôģԼˣԾͱȽϼ򵥣ɽ¾͵ýˮʩʩũҵˡ
Ҷϸ磬б¡
Ҷʢ˵û£ֵģˣϾһˣҺҶؿ϶æ˳ӣҪпգԸϸæ?


44 
æ
˳û뵽Ҷʢת˿, ûüشҶʢ˵˳, ϸ϶װæ㹤, е١
˳ӵ˵Ҷϸ磬̫, ʲôʲʵġ
ֵҲ˰
㲻ʹ, ɻˡ
ʹ𣿡Ҷʢʡ
ûС˳ʵʵ˵Ҷʢʮꡣ
ǲˡҶʢʣԸæ
㲻ʱԸɻ˳ڼ涼еķùˣ˵ɻǲʣҶʢɻͳҶʢƷҲԸġ
Ļ㰡ҶʢǺЦˡ
˳ӿĵЦˡ
ҶؼλүүЦˣҲЦ
ҶʢϴЦݣ˵Ǿô˵ˣ
˳˵˵ˡ
ãͷȥгʹʣͰг۸㿪
, ʲôʱɻ
ʲôʱпգ
ʱпա
ɡ
ɡ
, Ⱥ˵˵ҺҶƽʱʲôʱɻ
С
Ҷʢ˳ӳɽߣ߱ߺ˳˵һ¹, ɽӪḻ, ȥʩũҩĽ׶, 幤࣬󲿷ֹ磬û¶¶ҲҶҶʢԼˣ˳ϰˡ
˳˵û⡣
Ҷʢ˵ϵ硣
˳˿Ц˵Ƕǿӹˣʲô
ʵȷʵˣҶʢ˳˳Կ͵ľû˵ģҶʢͷͬ˵УǾô˵ˣϼ
ãϼ
˳תҪߣֱҶʢסҶʢɽɽժһ߲˳ӣ˳Ӵؼҳԣ˳ƴƴǲ㱧ڻҶʢǸм챿Ҳ˵żʵ߲˵Ҷϸ磬Ҳ˳ã˻ʳĶá
ȷʵ곤úãҲ֪ô¶
˵մСӵĸء
ʲô
˵أҿ⺢ӳþи
ҶʢҶһۣҲҶԺ϶ҲǸģЦЦ˵ֳˡ
϶ġ
ǾˣҪࡣҶʢɫ˵ˣ˳ӣȥɣȥúϢϢͿʼɻˡ
У˳ӵʮشӦĵر߲˳ߣ⸱ӾճĴѧھ֮ڱǿ¼ȡһȽġ
Ҷʢ΢Цؿ˳ӵıӰ
ҶذСʣүүԺǾүæ𣿡
Ҷʢ˵԰
ǻŸ𣿡
ѽ
ҾȥҷŸ硣
С
Ҷʢ˳ժ˵ˣӽУⵣҶشڻصңһүͰѽ׬ǮСϣһһһëһë֮ү϶ЦݣҶʢָҶһǮ
ҶװɫСǮ棬С˻ΣγӲ˵˵үүкöǮǮ
ţţˣͷС
СҶ֪үүڴȤе㺦§ŷɫС˵Сùġ
ҶʢЦ˵ûϵ㳤϶ġ
ţҳˣСүү
ãүү㡣
š
ҶүүһԸؼתѷɫСŵӻǰֿתҶʢһ緹ʱճ½һȥţ
ڶҶػ˯ʱҶʢѾ𴲣Ů˶ЬԺţ׼ȥܲʱ򣬿վſڵ˳ӡ
Ҷϸ磡˳һϲ
Ҷʢȵʣôô磿
˳ӿҶʢһ˵ⲻҪ𣿡
ǣȥܲ
ɶ
塣
ô㣿˳˵ǰһ׵ġ
ҶʢЦ˵ڲһˣʹˣܶ꣬Ȼ㶼ˣߣ۸һȥܲ
Ҷʢ˳һ𳯾ɽһˣʱֿվſڵ½ţ˳СѯҶʢҶʢ˼֮󣬱½˳ӽԺӣûһҶʢ˳һһⵣɽߡ
˾ɽ֮˳ӲҶʢ̾ͻժˣҶ½źҶʢ˵ٶҲûи˳Լûãĸװġ
½ճؼˣҶҶʢ˳һгƽʱҶʢҶش߲ˣܿˣ߲ˣҶʢе㵣ꡣ
û뵽Ҷظһгϣ̾ʵ߲ˣƽʱʱ䣬߲ȫ⣬ҶʢǮҲƽʱһ
Ҷ˳Ӿˣû뵽߲ô
Ҷʢʰͱⵣĵ˵ߣؼҡ
Ҷؽž˵ߣؼҡ
˳ӿүʮֿɰɵҲ˵һ䣺ߣؼҡ
Ҷʢû̻ؼңΪ˳ڣҶʢûüҶغƿ̾͹æôãҲˣҶ˳̯λǰҪ뼦֭ԣ
Ҷǵһ̯λϳ緹ҲǵһγԾɽĹƤ֭ҺḻɫζȫóԵĲˣҶһһĳԣСԵͺҶʢͣŰһ˵үүúóԡ
óԣҲܳôడ
ţҲˣһŸԡ
С
ҶʢҪһģ˳ŰǮˣٴⵣ˳Ҷسߣ·˳˵Ҷϸ磬˵á
ҶʢЦ˵ǿҶġ
Ҷؿɰ˺óԡ
ԣĲˣûô
óԣƽʱľǲһ
һٴȥ
ǲУ˶ǮҴ
Լﳤ
ҲҶֳģ˳˵ʲôԸҪ߲ˣתҶʢ˵ϸ磬ҸղſвûǵĲˣǶŪ˹ҿɽϵϹϺҲˡ
ϹƷڶ࣬Ҷʢֵ۱ϹϣֽлƤϹϣ۵ʱΪ߲ʳãԺࡢȵȣһֲũɽϹ۵ʱֻһϹϾռˣҶʢ˵ĸժˣװ°
ֳ
ʱûǮҶʢ˵
Ҽҵġ
ҵģ
ţҼҵҲãһӿɱĸװˡ˳˵Ҿ
Ƕ಻˼
ûʲôͷ׬Ǯµģͺˡ
Ҷʢ룬˵ҵʱʹ÷ѡ
òá
ˡ
ã治á
һ·Ͼֳ߲˵¶ţҶŴõĹԱţȵҵʱ˻ģҶصȲקҶʢ°ڣҶʢֹͣ˵Ҷء
ҶеĹ˵ȥŸͳԵġ
Ҷʢͷ
Ҷ̻س½̫̫ܣܽԺӾͺŸ磬Ÿ磡
½̫̫½ү½ŶӭҶأҶ̧С˵ҸŸ͹ˣúóԵġ
½̫̫ӭӣ½緹ҲԹþˣӦҲˣ½̫̫Сӣסͺͽ͸½պųԣţ̡
Ҷع๾һţ̺ȹ֮󣬿½˹ؼһմ˴׽ͺ֮󣬲ҧһڣ۾ʣŸ磬ó𣿡
½ŵͷ
ҳ˺öˣ
š
үүүҲˣժôˣˣ׬˺öǮ
½ű߳Աߵͷ
ү˵ժĲ˶ģҪֳܶժһ㣬װö࣬ܶǮˡ
š
Ǯ֮ҺүүͿµֳʱͲүֳˡ
š
ԺǻԽԽǮˣ
š
ǮĻҶض½ڳԵĹ˵ǮĻööԡ
š½żԹ
Ҷذһ죬ĭŸ硣
½Ӧһ
кöడ
š
Բɣ
š
Ұһɣ
ҶС־Ҫץ½һÿһҶصС֣ҶظϽջȥ½ſҶ˵ղŲ˵˺ö𣿡
ѽҶ˰

ˣѽ

ҶְСӣ½һÿһҶصС˵һ¡
ҶŶһ
½˳ӳʱһӺС룬˵ÿӼųԡ
áҶظϽӹһҧһڣȻСӣСĴ׽ͺСصһ㣬Ȼҧһڣһܵ˵úó԰
½ŶҶؿ
Ҷ˵Ÿ磬ҲԣúóԵģ̯ϿԵģóԵġ
½ҶµعĶҲѧҶصӣýϳﵹζس
ҶʣŸ磬ó԰ɡ
½ŵͷš
ǡǡǷŸٸһһĳԷ



45 
½̧һҶأͷӦˡ
Ҷдϲ, ɿؼһ, ֱҧһ˵ԣҲúóԵġ
½ţ
Ҷؽеİӡ
½ʣ𣿡
Ҷæصͷš
԰ɡ
Ҷ̽, ſ, ַ¿˵ѽ, ñҲˡ
½˵治ˣ
Ҷؼᶨ˵ˡ
½ŻǼһҶس, ͷһ, ҶؿСеĹֿ½, ϲ̵ģŸǺ, ڽ꣬½Ժ沣ƴͼ
ͷ󺹣ȵĲܲҪؼһ·, һҾͿҶʢҶǰ˵үүջ𣡡
ҶʢŤͷʣˣ
š
Űѹˣ
, Ҳų, 
緹ܳ𣿡
ܵģھͶˡҶӣ֤ԼĶˡ
𣿡
ԡ
Ҷʢ˼ûرϺװ, ҶؾǺظԹˣСһҶʢЦϴ룬ʱһĲǮ
үү۴ˡҶָ
ĴˣҶʢʡ
Ѷʮģʮˡ
Ҷʢ۾Ц˵ûעûע⣬ˣǶ׬ʮǮء
ҶЦؽһ䣺ԣֶ׬ʮǮ
ҶʢЦ
Ҷ˵ֳˣ׬ġ
Ҷʢͷԡ
ͷǻԼֳ
ûǮ
̫ˣ
ҶʢЦŰǮǮװǮˣŵг㣬˯ȥɽһֹȥˣڶϣ˳ӹֳˡ
ۣװö˰Ҷظпһ䡣
˳˵϶ĸװĶöࡣ
Ȱ˸𻹶ࡣ
û˳ӸҶһ֮תͷҶʢʣϸ磬ô
ǲУ²˶ȥҶʢ˾ʣʵĻҲˡ
װһ㰡
Ҷʢ룬˵ҲУװһ㡣
˳Ӱֳﵽɽ£ҶҶʢ½һɽժڲˣҶʢ˳ֿ죬Ҷ½ŵСٶϲһأҶʢӰ߲رɽµֳϡ
ȵҶ½ŰֳװĲʱҶʢ˳һ˱һ߲ɽŵֳϣҶʢ˵ˣװôࡣ
Ҷ˵ûװء
ȿܲ꣬ҪĻװ
Ǻá
Ҷʢת˳ӡ
˳˵ϸ磬߰ɡ
ߡ
˳ǰֳ
ҶҶʢ½Ÿں棬ߵ·ڵʱ½һҶȥгǳߣ˳Ӻʣϸ磬⺢ô֣
ҶʢûпڣҶȻؼңҷŸģˣһˣͰˡ
˳ʣŸ簡
ţŸرõġ
˳ӺǺЦ
ҶʢҲЦ֪Сӻֻ̣ҪС¶֪ȱأҲ˵ҶʢЦЦҶصСԴҶظ˳ӵֳһСûһ͵гϡ
Ҷʢڵ߲˿ܻ꣬ʵȴȣѾģǳԹϹ߲˵ʱּϴˮƽߣܷڵͬʱʱ߲ˣ֪Ҷؼҵ߲ǴȻģȥ
Сʱֳϵ߲ȫ⣬ҶҶʢ˳϶в̶ͬȵĿģĵҶʢҪ˳ȥ̯һ٣˳ӲԸռҶʢıˣҶʢҲˡ
һС߳г˳ӱҶ˵СҶأүү㡣
ҶʶؿҶʢҶʢͷϳˣֳֻͿĵزˡ
˳š
ҶʢԱߺ˳̸ʵ飬˵ԼѾܱߵĹʴ˳˵˸˳Ӿ̫ˣ㹤ʱ߲٣Ҷʢ˵㹤ǳڵģԺҪĵطأ˵ĳˣ绹ðժء
˳ҲӦˡ
Ҷʢ˳˵ŻǱҶֳĳŵ·ԵľģļǵɽʱľǿݵģڲҶһҶⰻȻ
΢һЩ̵Ҷ֣һ鰡ҶÿѽҶ쿴Űƣ̲ס߸ź߳ǰһϤСγʻ̺үүˣ
ҶʢͷһС
˳ʣ˭
Ҷʢ˵ոջ˵ժˣ͵ժˣæ𣿡
ææ
˳ӺɻԴ֮һɣûʲôĻҲûʲôỨûһȶĹҲҲԼļֵˣθҶʢ¶ȶˣҲ˾ֳһͷ͸ҶʢҶһ𵽾ɽ£װһ߲ˡ
һߣ˳ӾҪߣҶʢҪ˳߲ˣ˳ҲҪֳͻؼˣҶʢҶظҲؼңһңү˾ͶڵǮһ׬ıƽʱһڵĻҪࡣ
ۣҶؾ̾۾˵үүҪˣ
ҶʢЦǮ˲ơ
Ǻöడ
Ǳƽʱ࣬뷢Զء
Ǹɡ
У
ү˵ʹ棬͵ϵУǮʱҶʢҶؼӲͣԵĺ˯ĺòܸɵĸá
죬ҶʢҶÿ붼ϲˡүҲ鷳и٣Ҫ˵ǽұ棬Ǹ壬үȥһУǮۿɼٶӡ
ʱҲߣҶҲ׺ɫˣҶʢָױT˶Ьȥ˧˧ˣϵĵ죬ܵ½̫̫ңѯ½Լ˧˧
ҶʢҶ·ͬʱҶϼҲϸҶҶʢ˫ЬӣһյҶϼĵ绰ʹˣҶʢں棬Ҷؾŵ绰ѸҶϼ죬˵ùãںүү׬öǮ
𣿡
ǰҶʮϤ˵ÿ춼һֳôĲˣ׬ıǰˡ
æù𣿡
˳үүүˣõʵʱүүɿˣ̺ȡ
ǶˣҶϼӶæĲˣżҶʢ绰ѯҶʢģûкҶʢϸ˵Ҷôһ˵ϲˡ
ʱҶʢˣҶʢҶϼ˵Ϊǰɽɽ˲ˣرҶʢҪҶأÿ綼ҶصɽضЩӵģҲ֪ǲΪҶиĲ˶úܺá
²ˡϹϡǺͻƹϵֿظһλ߶ջģҲ곤úãʹ߲˲رߣҲˡ
Ҷϼ˵˵֣ǒɹء
Ҷʢ˵ɲ벻ϰˡ
ϰǿˡҶϼĵĲˡ
УǸȱǮ
ȱҶϼ̴ҶʢĻ˵֣֪ǮرǴ磬ǶСˣôǮء
ⲻһǲһҶʢ֪ŮΪˣԸԼţҲʱʱָǮţ·ʲôġ
Ҷϼ˵Ҳã׬ǮԼŰɣٱƭˡ
֪ˣ֪ˡҶʢЦʣɺãӺ𣿷أ
ͦõģλ죬ÿԱЩҷŶֳͯȫƱиͬºȥˣƱ͸ˣֳͦͦѵģ֣㿴Ҫ÷ȥҶأҶعһ죬ڶҸһȥٵǶô
Ҷصֳ
ţҪǮģҶߵÿ𣿡
Σ𣿡ҶʢһûȥֳֳûʲôֻǳڱܵعҶء
ûС
ҶȥĻ鷳𣿡
鷳ģƱõˣҲ˷ˡҶϼ˵ҲҶؼ棬Ŀ
ҶʢһֱҶأ˵аɡ
Ҿ÷ȥˣ
С
ϵ绰ҶʢͺҶ˵¶Ҷһֳʱ۷Ź⣬ʰʱԷɾ͹Ҷؽˡ
Ҷظ˵ҶʢЦŻ֣صԺ󣬼һͷţһֻֻǰһֻúȻԺ̫е㲻Ӧﲻɵþ͵Ҷ
ҲȥѣͻˣҶʢ㿪ʼιȻ˺Լתͷһ½š
ҶүүҶأ½ʡ
Ҷذȥùˡ
ʲôʱȥģ
ȥġ
ʲôʱ
硣
½Ų˵ˣתͷʧ뿪
Ҷʢ״˵ͻˡ
½û˵ͷɥػؼˣصͲˣһ춼Ʋ֣վڶ¥շһֱҹĻ٣½̫̫Ļ¥
ͬʱҶʢΪûҶڼңͷ̲˶Ըι˹ιţι˼ϰԵغһҶذ֮Ҷزڼҡ
ϰǿ£ҶһߣǸоĶԣҶʢ˯û˯ãڶֿ½ź˳ӣ˱ȥɽժˣûҶأ½˵ˣ綼Ĳˡ
½Űæժ˲ˣͻؼȥҶʢ˳ȥˣʱˣ˳Ѿؼˣ½̫̫½үû¶ʹ½ȥҶʢɻһֱæɽ
ˡ
½ҶϰҶʢʰߣ½̫̫ʣ˵ҶȥùǶˣ
Ҷʢ˵ǰù˵ǴȥֳĵĲˣʰȥˡ
һԵ½ĸˡ
½̫̫ʣʲôʱأ
졣
һߣòϰ߰
ǰҶʢЦ˵Ҳ֪Сһ쵽ͣذȰȰȰȵģСϲȵƵģһߣﰲĶˡ
ǰҶðˣġ
ǰ
ҶʢСˣƽʱûʲôرĸоһ߰ľǣţҶ汻۸ƵģĽ̾Ϣһ
½ŵͷ
½̫̫½үӰæʰߡ
ͻȻڳԶͻȻԶȥҶʢ½˺ؿԶʱ̫ѾɽˣҹɫĻǰɵģؿһɫСӰСӰ߿񱼶
Ҷأ½˶оˣһαּس½̫̫˵̣Ҷػˣ
½̫̫½үӾϲؿ½š
Ҷʢ˵ؿԶ
үүҶصڴ˹ܺϲá
ҶʢӵӦһ
үүһˣ
á
ʱѾܵҶߣҶһһ°Ҷس嵹ˣ˷ܵΧҶתͷҶأҶؿЦ§Ŵڣһ̧ͷ½ţĵغŸ磡
½һҶ
Ҷʢ½̫̫½үҲ˹
Ҷغүү½̣½үү
Ҷʢʣ˵ôˣ
ΪѽҶϼ߹½̫̫½үӴк󣬾ͰҶȥ¶˵Ҷر³ȥˣϺ˯ģʹҶȥֳ棬Ҳͦĵģһֱ浽硣
˵˵үүͷŸ棬ǻصҺ̨̫ҪɽʱĬĬĨᣬĬĬĨҶϼŷ֡
Ҷϼѯԭ˵ʱţԱˣүүҪǣŴţŴڻؼˣŸҲҪˡû˵ҪҶϼҲ뾰ɽˣԴŶӾͻˡ
ҶʢůůģֱǱĸоһжֵˡ
½ҲĪˡ
½̫̫½үӺͰЦˡ
Ҷе㲻˼ſҶʢϣ˿ҶʢЦҶصСֳߣҶظߵͬʱ½ŵ˵Ÿ磬ߣҸ˺öء
½ҶذҶʢҡ
ҺҶذСһµڴϣ½رˬ˵Ÿ磬Щѡɣ
½ſŴһѵСˣССȵȣʣĶģ
ػش𣺡ģҪǮġ
½ʣģ
ȥֳϷ͵ѽ

ҪǮģ綼Ҫġٴָ࣬ҶؿɻʡǮˡ

½ſҶأҶػһſϣ½ŽСƷеǿҶغÿС۾־ЩСƷĿɰҶ͸һһҶذƷһ½š
½˿˿ġ
ҶſڴϾͺ½˵ֳ¶˵컨׹½죬оԼ͸ȥĲͬһֳһֱ˵Է
Ҷǿ½ųԷ½ҲҶؼ棬ҶسԷˣ극֮ҶСƷѡһͰ׵ʥ˸Ҷʢ˵үү㡣
ʲô
ʥˡ
ʥˣҶʢ۾ս˿ЦЦ˵ӴǸ׺˼ء
ҶͳһСƷţˡ
Ҷʢ۾ս
һԵҶϼʣ֣۾ôˣô۾


46 
ûʲôϻ, ̫Ҷʢ˵۾һ, һ㡣
Ҷϼɺ˵Ҽǵϻˣǰûô
ǰᡣҶʢȤ˵, ֺҶؿСƷ, ҶҶʢǿ, Ҷء½šһ𣬵ĸһɰ
ҶϼҶʢ, Ծɴɻ, ˯ʱԷɴ绰ʱ˵, Էڱ˶˵Ҫǲģȥȡ
Ҷϼ˵ǰرȥҽԺ
Ϊʲô
ܾһҽԺ, ûҲвˡ
˵ȥ˵졣
Ҳȥ
취˵˵
ðɡ
ҶϼӦˣϵ绰, ĵ᷿߳Ҷʢķ䣬վſھҶҶʢ½ŵ
Ҷزǲ뿪ɽһ, үӺ½Ĳ, Թ󣬻½ߣ½źүӼһŴϣ˿Ҷϼһ, һۣһ˵ĺгʱֺгתȥ˯ˡ
Ҷ½Ҷʢڶ£ڰһ¶֮Ҷʢժ۾˵ˣˣ˯ɡ
Ҷתͷ½˵˯ɡ
½ŵͷ
Ҷ½ҶصСϣ˵˯ûһֹ˵Ҷʢǿһ˯ˣ´Ҷʢ˯ɴֹ
Ҷѹ˵Ÿ磬үү˰ɣ
½һ
ǲܴүү˯
š
˵Сม
С㡣½ԾҶһ˵µĻ
ҲС㡣
á
Ҹ˵ֳúġ
š
ֳкĻ𳵣С

űӣݴٴҶʢĶУеɰҶʢûҪ˯Ҷغ½ŵ˵˯ˡ
Ҷ½Ųû˯ҶػСѣ˴ͷСֵͲڱ½СԴСԴϸСƷΪ˵Ÿ磬㿴ա
½ſ˿˵ɳɮ
ա
ɳɮ
㿴Žء
ʲô½û

½żѵŤͷһҶأ治֪ǴģҶ˵ӽ𹿰
ҶػȻ˵𹿰
š
ûн磡
½Զԡ
ҶָС˵ˡ
ɳɮ
յ尡

ԲҪǮľǲҪǮģһҲΣյ壬װɳɮȫӰҶ½ϲЩСƷϸСƷ֮УӵΪһķֿӼ̣СƷҹ
ڶʱҶʢ˳Ѿ߲˻ˣ鶼ˣҶһھΣҶϼ߸Ǳ˵û¶첻ȥгǾȥеġ
Ҷܶ࣬תͷҶʢ
ҶʢλеǮ˵Ǯ
ãҶػܵҶʢǰһڵǮĵʣүүĲ𣿡
ˡ
ֳصĲ𣿡
ǰ
ˡ
ţЩǮǮˡ
Ҷ֪ǮζʲôСĵ˵ۣö࣡
ԣö࣡ҶʢЦ
СӵĿǼ򵥵ģԽǼԽܹģҶʢ׵رҶظȾţҶϼʵֺܼ򵥵ģҶҶʢǮʱ½үӹ½ŻؼҳԷ½үҶʢ˼䣬½ˡ
ҶҶʢǮ
ҶϼϴԼȥͿͯ˪ʼ緹Ŷ
죬··ҶϼӡͷƬˡϡȵһһ˵Сϣḻ緹СռģҶϼҶҶʢԷ
Ҷ˵һ£Ͼˡ
ҶϼԱЦţſţֿҶʢһ۾ɺϳԶʱ˵֣ȥһ°ɡ
Ҷʢʣʲô
Ҷϼ˵ȥҽԺһ尡
úõģȥʲô
鿴ʲô֢δȻ
ʲôȻȻģԼ֪졣
֪ĽҶϼְְһ˾ǺܾҽԺܾýҽԺһ飬вԸԼһԼҩһԣҲԸȥҽԺҽԺҲΪҽԺ˵ж֢ĵطǺ¡
ҶϼǵСʱиΪȥһСҽԺСϴ󲡣󲡲ûͦȥϵҽκˣӴֶҽԺĲãܺҽԺˣҲץˣĻֲҶʢЩС
ҶϼҶʢͣҽԺĸֺôҶʢüԷҲǻһ̵ӣҶϼ˵֣ЩСҽԺУҽԺԵģҽԺǹҿġ
ҿġĸҶʢӦˣҶϼ˵Ϊϰպãϰշģ㿴ǵλ쿨ȥҽԺġ
ģҶʢԡҡǿҵȰ
ģ֣Ǿȥɡ
ʲôѽ
ȱȱƣѪѹ߲ߣҪЩСëĻʳһ°Ҷϼ˵̫̫үӣ죬ʱ죬ʲôëҪҩƽʱʳעһ¾ܽˡ
Ҷʢԥһ£˵һҲأ
ģûͲв
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ȥ
Ϊʲô
ٶˣҴӦŪˣܲõģҵú˳˵һȻȥ
С
ֻҪҶʢԸȥ죬ǾˣҶϼҲҶʢҪҲǾ͵İְʹˣʲôСëǰƣܱСϳɴ󲡵ĺáҶϼɣҶʢвˣҶʢԡ
֮ҶϼֿʼҶʢϴ·ϴʰӣҶҶʢôֹҶϼҪɻҶؾ͸Ҷϼ棬ҶϼɻҶϼҪϰ࣬ʹȥˡ
ҶҶʢŹʧ֮󣬲سɽߣɽʱ˳һ׼߲ˣ˳Ťͷʣϸ磬ϼˣ
Ҷʢ˵ˡ
˳̾Ϣһ˵ǹŮðŮð֪֪֪۸ĸӾ֪е
ҶʢЦ˵Ҳкöӡ
ö٣̫ˣ˳˵ǹŮãҪһŮˣʱ򰡣ôȥʲôǿճкŮĳ
BҶʢǵʶ
ԣBô˿Ůʹ˹Ůˣ۰ã˹ŮҷϼôãҾĽ
ˣŮһ
һŮǺá˳ӾΪûйŮֿ˵ĹŮر۸ĸȱʲô;ʲôá
ҶʢЦЦҲ˳ӱ⣬ժˣ̲ס۾˳ӱժ˱תͷһۣ˵ϸ磬ô۾ˣ
ܿһ㡣
ôῴأ
ϻ۰
ҲϻˣҲó۾
С
Ҵʹ󣬱㻹󡣡˳˵Ҳûг۾ϸ磬ǲ۾⣿۵Ƶ̫ˣǲǿǰģܶࣿҪȥҽԺһ£ǲǰʲôģر𰮵
֮ǰҶϼҶʢ˵ҽԺʱҶʢûʲôǴʱ˳һ˵ҶʢĪһ⣬˳˵֮ǰ֣֪ģʮˣ˰ϻ۰ɣȥҽԺƣҲ֪ôƵģҲ֪ȥĶεģɴû죬ɴȡˣ۾ģˣھǸϹӡ
ϹӡҶʢɫˡ
˳Ӽ˵ÿʲô¶ϰţҺϰ顣
˳ʵͽûʲô˼ʱ˵Ҳ̫˼ʲôԷͰշԷ˵ҶʢѹûпҶʢѿɫ
ҶʢɵþͰԼףƲסشһ䣬ʶתͷԶҶأҶڶǼǰСժǣܿҶصӰȴҶصС
ǰ붼ܿİôڿأͷһϽ۾࣬ڿҶصС
Ҷó߿۾ϲãǿҶʢɫԣСɵһȻֹۣԴ˵֪УоүүĲԾĶСܹʣүүôˣ
Ҷʢӻг룬Ҷء
Ҷغүү
ҶʢȻӦ
ôˣҶذСϸҶʢ
ҶʢϽ˵ûô
ûôôϿҰ
ҶʢЦЦ˵뿴㡣
үүǲǲ
ǡ
ǲ˰Ҫ˻Ъժǣժÿģһܰĺװˡ
ҶʢҶأ̲סЦˣЦдŲ
ҶصҶʢˣСҶʢ֣Ҷʢ߲Աߵʯͷţүүı±ݸүү˵үүЪȥժǡ
Ҷʢ˵á
Ҷֿĵȥժǡ
Ҷʢű±ȴûкˮŻÿɰҶأһĿ־塣
лҪ˵ס⣬ʲôŰҴддĶģ֮ǰġܶڰʮȫŰˬĺ𣿡ӻ꡷ܰģŰֵǲڵģ



47 
ֿ־һֱҶʢ˰߲, ˳Ӹ°, Ҷػصʱ־һðͷ, ԱߵҶ, ģ, Ͻһ۾΢֮, һģ, Ŀ־ﵽһֵ
үүҶغ
ҶʢϽӦ
𣿡

ϳʲôأ
ʲô
òãҶ˵÷ģһ¾ˡ
, Ͼͳ

үүŪ˿ټ
, ϲԼˣ
ʲôϲԣ
ҶغٺٵЦˡ
Ҷʢº̴Ҷؽһջһ, ҶʢгʪҲڶ, ζȰװ, ҶҶʢԣûһɫζȫ˿ˡ
үҲûʰССϣΧŰ, ҶʢҶػСſӣСŴ˴ٰߣСԴСȥӣӵڣתͷ۾Ҷʢүүúóร
ҶʢһЦˡ
Ҷ˵ĺúóԣ˿˿ĺðүүԳԣ˿ԡ
ҶشԼһ˿ҶʢУҶʢ˿ٿԼСӣοɬϲͺ¡
Ѫͷڱտڿһ䡰һʹˣ̬еĿ˶ȥ󲿷ʱ䶼ģȣŵģģ¶ȣҲǣҵġ
ʱ򣬷СˣˣҶʢˣҶǣңÿ쳿ܶҶһ죬Ǹո˳˵ۻäôôҶأ
Ҷʢװ¶ҲԲȥҶصĹ£ǽһԹ⣬ϴ֮Ժһ߿Ҷιڣһ߰રવ̣һСҪһСҶֹˡ
үү㲻͵͵ġ
ҶʢЦǺǵ֣̹̲ͣĵ˵˲ˡ
Ҷա
Ҷʢź̴ҶһʰԺӣιιţѵǣϴ裬һڴϿӣȣΪϣ¶ˡ
үһ𿴿սƬҶߵձӣҶʢȴʲôȥʱעҶأҶؽ˶ͦûһҶر˯ˡ
ҶʢңϵӻҶҴҴӣڴ˼ڴ˼ȥģԼ۾ԽԽûе׶ˣͻȻԼˣϵûͼˡ
뵱꣬ˡʲôģͲҩֱӿģж¶һɱһɱһ˫ڣһ۾ģͰˡ
ˣҲСˡ
˯ţֵͲһմͷӣ쵽ʮˣʱ˯ˣϼӦû˯ԥһ绰Ҷϼĵ绰
Ҷϼڱ˶𣺡֡
Ҷʢǳ᣺˯𣿡
ûСôˣҶϼϽʣ֣ǲ¶岻ʲô
û¶ҾҽԺ¶
֣㲻ԸȥˣҶϼž衣
ǲǡҶʢʣҾ죬ܼܲ۾ë
֣ܰǲǸо۾ˣ
ǣǾϻˡǲǺʲôģûʲô¶ҶʢЦ˵ʲôʲôʱȥҽԺ׼һ¡
ɣɵݣȥ㡣
á
ҶʢֺҶϼ˵һȻϵ绰ʵҽԺŹҵҽԺ¼ˣԼ뿪ˣô죬Ůô찡ûдһҲŮأ˺ܶ࣬ڴϷȥֱҹ˯
ڶϣվɺҶһˣ˳˳˵һ£ҪȥҽԺһ£ͷ˳һ٣˳һ죬Ͻʣϸ磬û¶ɣ
ҶʢЦ˵û¶ǹŮȥ죬˵ãҾȥ顣
ŶŶŮá
ҶʢЦЦ˵ԣڼϢϢɡ
УҺٹ˳˵
СҶʢͷ
˳ӾֳˣҶʢȥֳ̯Ҷر𰮳ԵĹִһݣһ½̫̫ңȥ棬ͺ½̫̫˵ԼҪȥһˣ½̫̫۰һ¼ң½̫̫ȻӦ
ҶʢصҺֺھ˵˵鷳ھҲԼһ¼ţҶʢھɽڱã鷳¶ҶȻӦˣҶʢصҺ󣬱㿪ʼΪȥ׼
ҶʢϴȥﻹΪҶΣҳԼ㲻·ǮǮһۣѴҲ˳ȵҶػʱ򣬺Ҷ˵үүҪȥҽԺ죬Ǻүүһȥأ
үүһ𡣡
㲻ϺŸˣ
ȺүүһȥҽԺ죬ٺͷŸ档
Уүү·ҶʢҶһΪÿ·Ȼ˵үү÷棬Ҫܣǣ֪𣿡
ãʱҾүү·֡
ɡҶʢЦŵͷ
ڶϣҶʢվܣ緹Ϊ첻ܳԣҶسԵģԹԺүʼźüţʹڣѸŶ֮үԺԷɡ
һԷɹүе㼱ˣرҶʢվһҲûˣҶ˵үүҪȻȥվڵȹ÷ɣ÷϶ġ
С
ҶʢھӴк֮󣬴Ҷ·ڹͣվһһĹʻҲûԷɣֱһɲµĻɫСͣǰ˲ſڵԷɡ
÷򣡡
ɡ
ҶҶʢһ𺰡
ԷɸϽ³˵֣һô
Ҷʢ˵㰡
ôȣȺܾ˰ɣ
Ҳûжã͸յ
ԷɿҶʢߵҶأʣСҶسԷ𣿡
Ҷػش𣺡Թˡ
֣𣿡
ûУ˵첻óԷ𣿡
ԡԷɱű˵̫磬СҶҲôô磬鶼ûأϼҶôˣû뵽ǵôá
ҪҪġҶһڵҶʢ˵ţų˵ɣˣ
ûСԷЦ˵ͬµĳΪҽԺڽ̫鷳Ծͽͬµĳ㡣
ŶŶҪҪǮ
ҪҪԷ˵Ǵĺܺõˣͷӵ;ˡ
һǮ͡
òõġԷһֱЦǺǵ˵ͻأüӲüӡ
ҪǮʱ˵
ɳɳɡ
Է֪˵Ϊˣ˵ҪǮͣô͵ĻͿ϶ǮģԷʵû취ת˻⣬˵ҶϼȽæûа취죬һҪȥСѧ׶԰λ쵼Ӳ죬ȻҲٹˣһ·ԷɼҶʢŵĲУ㲻ͣ˵ҶʢĽŸС
յЧ֮ԷְҶҶؿʼΪȥеʺ˷ܣû˵أһ˵ͣĻҶʢĲ
ǵҽԺҽԺҽˣҽԺﶼ֣ЩˣʱҶԼ·ˣץסҶʢ֣֮иҶʢοˡ
ҶʢͷҶء
ҶС˵үү϶ûгԷĻһ̣÷˵ˣ̾ܳԷҸոսʱ򣬿ǱϡͰӵģˣǾȥԣҲǮˣҸ򡣡
ҶСԼ¶ĳӲҪˣôǮӷɫСƨɺٳļǮ
Ҷʢ˽ź֮⣬ûʲôģСӣͷģͬʱҲůůģ̲סҶصСԴ˵û¶үүһ̾͹ȥˡ
Ҷصͷ
ʱҺúԷɴҴ߹˵Ƕôˣû뵽ôˣֻŶˣĲ֣࣬߰ɡ
Ҷʢͷ
ҶҶʢ֣Էߡ
ԷɰյϵָʾҶʢءѪѹơǺƵȵȣԷ֪֪Ҷϼ˼ǸҶʢȫ飬ؼ۾Էɰ۾һصעҽҪȼģеĿ̳еҪȡ
Ҷؽ߬ҶʢָͷԷһһؼ飬ڼ俴ٲ̬ˣеҪ˲еĿеΣеɫÿҶ̫õӣҶؿѹգ۾ܣԼүүĪظоһЩ¶
ԼݲָܣǾĬĬسҶʢߣСүүϣܵүүϵ¶ȣŵүүϼ̲ζžûԾɿΧ¶
СҶأ۲ۣ
ͷһͷǹ÷С˵÷ҲۣҶûиɻ
һӣ۾Ͳˣһˣ÷ԺóԵġԷ˵
Ҷصͷ
ԷתҶʢ˵֣ҿһ£ǰ漸ʾ嶼ͦõģǼһ۾һ¶ӣǰĸˣܿġ
úúáɽˣˡҶʢû뵽ԼӻһŮԼã˵ĶӶôİ̾Ϣһ
ԷЦ˵û¶û¶ǵһȰ
á
ڵȴĹУҶʢһԷɸĸûһǰŶӵ뿪ˣ˵ĸ˵ʱ򣬼ʱе㳤Էе㼱ˣҶҶʢԭصţȥſڿһ
ҶҶʢԭصţŶӵҲ̸ۣ϶Ǽˡ
ʲô⣿
۾Ⱑ۾ˡ
۾Ǵ¶
˭˵أͬ־ģʼ飬飬ˣϣڣҪģʲôĲ֢ܶһϣϹˣͬũģְũҲû˺úչˣϹֲӲТ˳չ˵ʱҲģûͷӾȥˡ
Ӵ
˳İ˸п̾ϢһġӴҶҶʢﶼ⡱һʱүԷںǣǸϽǰһ˼ԷҶʢҶʢڰ칫ǰҽ
ҽѯҶʢҶʢʵʵػش𣬰ҽֱӣ۾׼һҲвֵϣҽһ۲ڵ￴ֿҶʢƤ
ҶԷһԽŵš
ҽſҶʢֺһͬСֹ˼䣬Ȼ˵˼Ұ϶ôˣôڲ鰡
Է΢΢һ㶡
ҶСסˣǰ˳˵ʲôģո˵ˣһӾͺˡ
Ҷʢ˴סˣû뵽ǡ
ԷɸϽʣҽôأ


48 
ҽŵϵ, ¹ش𣺡, öˡ
ܶ𣿡ԷɸϽʡ
첻, ҲҪ졣ҽߵҶʢǰƿҶʢƤԷ˵һҶʢ۲, ˵۾С¶˼ʹˣѪѹѪǸ涼Ҫһٶ
ͺ, 𣿡
ʷǳߡ
ڸôأ
ȷڣǰһסԺ
, ллҽ

ҽӹ, ԷɿҶʢҶʢ˶, ˼ҶԼĿ־壬ֲҶʢ˵, ˣߡ
ˣҶʢӻоѡ
š
ǰϣ
ţ, ҽ˵, ͺˡ
Ҷʢû
Էתͷ˵СҶأϡ
ӽҿʼҶصһֱץҶʢ·ûɹ˿, Ͻץˣүү÷ҽԺﴩ󣬰һ֮վҽԺſڣԷҶʢʣ֣㿴ʲôʱ򷽱㶯
Ҷʢеʧ
֡Էֺһ顣
ҶʢԷɡ
Է˵֣ҪǽͰסԺɣ
ҶʢʣסԺʲô

κ𣿡
ҽ˵ʷǳߡ
ҲȫκãϹġ
ûϹġ

Է֪ͷӵ̾ˣ֪ǺʱҶϼĵ绰ˣϽҶϼ˵ˣҶϼҲһԷ˵ʺܸߣ뵽ԼԲ֢˽⣬Ŀ˲٣תԷɰֻҶʢȰҶʢ
֣ϼĵ绰ԷɰֻݸҶʢ
Ҷʢ˹ϼ
֣ɶ˵ˡ
š
£κõģʰһ½סԺɡ
סԺҶʢ˵
֡
춼˵϶Ϲˡ
˵βŻϹ
Ϲһ¾ϹˡԸϹ
֣ôҽĻأ
ҡ
ġҶϼڱ˶Ȱ˵иѣ趼ʮˣ˰ͺˣҲûиõĺţҪǲĻ϶Ⱑ㲻ԼҲҶذ
ҶʢͷҶһۡ
Ҷشҽ˵үү˰Ͽʼ̵̻ģһֱץүү°ڣͷҶʢǲҶʢͷӿһ࣬Ĭ˺һ˵Ȼؼ룬һ˵
ǺðɡҶϼҲûбҶʢο˵֣ģû¶ģһСˡ÷ɰҶͻؼңú롣
ã֪ˡ
ҶʢֻݸԷɣԷɺҶϼ˵ӣ֮Ҷʢ˵֣ȳԵ㷹ɡ
ˣؼٳԡ
Աߡ
ǻؼҳ԰ɣͱˣȥˣϽæȥɡ

ԷɺҶʢִһҶغҶʢɣүͻ˾ɽ뿪ҶҶʢһ𳯼ߣ·Ͽ½ˣҶû˷ܵغŸ硱ȵ½߹ʱ͵͵˵Ÿ磬ҽ첻ˣҺүүȻؼˡ
Ҷˣ½Ҳûиȥ½̫̫½̫̫һؼˣʱҶҶʢѾ˼ңҶظҶʢһιţιιڣι֮Ҷתͷʣүү˰ɣ
Ҷʢʣ𣿡
Ҳүү϶ûгԷҸݷ԰ɣݵķúóԵġ
ҶʢЦˣ˵Էˣ
Ҷҡͷ
ˣ
Ҷҡͷ
ʲô
ҶؿҶʢ˵үүԷ
֪ǼҶʢҶÿ֮һ̣ǳѹҲůʱѼ׵һ˵һ˵үүҲˣԣòã
Ҷ۾ʣүүˣ
ˣ
Ҳˣ
ǶЩóԵģ
ЩóԵġ
ҶʢҶؽҶջҶʢˣûһү緹⵰УʮַḻүһԷ֮үŴţһɽ߲ˡ
ʱѾˣֱ䣬¶ҶҶʢоϮڶͷҶʢҶغŴ£΢һ˲о⡣
Ҷʢ˵찡
Ӧø͵Ҷȴͷ
ҶʢҶء
ҶŤͷҶʢ
Ҷʢʣôˣ
Ҷʣүү᲻
Ҷʢ΢΢һ㶣û뵽СӻͻȻ˵ôһ䡣
ҶСһ£˵ҽԺүү˵˰ϣûúƣͿˣˣүү᲻
үү˶ġҶʢʵҶ˵
үүܲܲҪ
үүܾġ
˭ģ
ү
үĶ
ү찡Ҷʢա
Ҷظſգεգװ׵ƲʣγһֱϲģǰһڼҵʱֻҪգ;Լаˣա⡢ƲʶĻ飬ܹĵĻ飬ҲүôүǺõģתͷͺҶʢ˵үүүǺõģһġ
ҶʢЦˡ
Ҷؼ˵÷˵Ļ۾ܺˣүү㶯ɡ
ҶʢҶû˵ҶصСԴһ˵úӡ
ҶؾؿҶʢûеȵҶʢĻشҶʢߴţһֱ磬ؼҳʱҶ˵ҶʢƵ¶ҶʢԼ뷨
Ϊҩֶзաзգһһķռ罵ˣϹˣͲչҶˣȻ粻ƣϹץʱ׬ǮҶأ߻ܸŮ㣬ȵϹˣҸطԼ鷳
뵽ϯĴۣò״˵ǮٻˣٴΰѴϯʱĿŵǽǵĴţϣѴţˣ˵ţǼۣմţ˵һ಻ɡ
ҶʢĬĬţȻԺű졣
֣֣
Ҷһ˵ǹùá
ҶʢҲҶϼ
ȥšҶشӴЬͳܣûһҶϼˣҶϼŹƷҶʢͺ֡
ôˣҶʢʣԷôģأ
Ҷϼ˵Ҷʢ˰ϣŰְҲ֪˭ĻԼԼˣϰϵĲģǰԷ˵һһ°͸ϹˣҶʢ˵ģûгԷŷء
ô˰
㰡
ҸʲôԶġߣҸȥ˵ҶʢͳߣҶϼûסҶʢӲǸҶϼһ
Ҷϼλ쵼Ӳ죬ʮæµûԺò˵ղ绹˻࣬ȻڵڲŹҲȷʵˣһԵĹģʰ˳֮Ҷʢط䣬źҶʢ˵¶
֣ҽѧܷġ
Ҷʢ
ģòһСʱκˣä¶ģ⼸ʸߴٷְ٣ʲô󲡣㲻Ҫ¡
Ҷʢɲ
Ҳ֪˭˵ģ϶ˡϺܺƵģǴ¶Ҷϼͣ˵
Ҷʢ˺һ˵һ¶أ
һ
Ҷʢֲˡ
ҶϼͻȻˣҶʢǵǮҲ̨ϳȻˡ
Ȼ֪ûʲôգҲǵǲ뵽ôŴҽԺرܣҶʢŰְ֣ͷü̵İְ֣һǿ׳İְ֣ôأһ±۾ˣͱˣ̲סͿˣ֣ôô˵û¶û¶ôԸư
Ҷʢû뵽ŮͻȻˣҲ֪ôУֻͷ˵
Ҷϼ˵ȥƲ𣿲¶ģҪǲƵĻ϶Ϲʱ˭չ㣬϶㣬Ҷôˣ㻹ô찡ߵ磬ңСͲңҾôһˣҪˣô찡һҪҪ˰
ҶϼԽԽѹֻҲ˵ˡ
Ҷʢ̧ͷҶϼҲҶϼԱߵҶأҶشС˯СЬվһԣСֶС֣Ҳǰરવ䣬ҶʢȻԼΪ˱Լ
Ȼпܻκãôһ԰ɣƬ̣˵ûǮ
Ҷϼֹͣ˶١
˶Ƕ٣ҶʢǵǮ⡣
㲻ҽ𣿹Ҹģı϶˶ٵģ粻ǻǷһǮ𣿸𣿡
ûл
ȥҪȥ
˵ҶϼߣҶʢϽϼ
Ҷϼͷ˵Ҳ㺢ӣСʱŴѩ㱳·ȥƣˣǮôˣҪܣȥҪ
һ仰Ҷʢסˡ
Ҷϼת߳䣬߳Ժţ˳ԺŸˣҶʢ΢΢һ£תͷҶأȻ˵Ҷأȥ˯үүȥҹùȥ
ҶʣùȥҴ𣿡
š
ҴҪǮ
ԡҶʢָҶĨһĨᣬҶߵߣҶرϣ˵үү͹ùãϾͻ
춼ˣүүܿ·𣿡
үүֵͲ
үүȥɡ
ˣСϳŲõġ
ҶʢеţܾС쳹׺֮󣬲ӦóţȻʲôֵֹģֲҶسţҶֻõͷ˵үү·Сĵ
үү֪
Ҷذź֮ҶʢֵͲߵԺſڣȴԺţŷԺűҶϼӸϵˡ
⺢ӣҶʢû취ֵͲ
Ҷʣүүôˣ
ùԺϵˡ
Ϊʲôϵϣ
ȥҶ
ô죿
ȡ
Ǿ͵Ȱɡ
үڵµȣ˲СʱҶϼˣҶʢ˵һ䣺ôϵˣ

ҶʢһЦ
Ҷϼ˵ûȥȥĻ˵˵ûǮͱ𻹡ˡ
ôˣ
ҿ

еģ˵ˣ˵Ǯ㡣
ʵûҶϼ˵ô򵥣Ҷΰһǰϣ;Сë˶ãҽһ¾ˣɾҶϼҶϼشģȴˣָҶΰ۾ͷҲǰүΪŮЩ顣
ҶϼһϸҶΰٸҶΰᣬСҶ岩ѧϰ֪ҶΰķʶԼҪԣҶ岩֮ӦڻǮˡ
ҶʢҲͲ˵ʲôˡ
ҶϼʼҶʢ˵סԺƵ¶סԺͿԻˣⶼ⣬Ҷô죬ҶʢҶϼһҶء
Ҷ˵Ҳȥȥչүү


49 
ҶʢҶϼ, ˱˼Ҷھɽ, ھӼһ½̫̫Ҵ죬Щԥ, ´ŵ, Ҳ±ΪҶζҶ, ҶִҪȥҽԺ
ҶʢҶϼ˵Ҫȥɡܵġ
˯Ķ
˯ҽűߡ
ҶϼҶء
Ҷʢ˵һ˷Ҳ̫ġ
Ҷϼԥһµͷðɡ
ҶҶʢѯʣүү, ҿȥҽԺչ𣿡
Ҷʢͷ
̫ˡ
ҶʢЦЦ
ҶϼʼҶʢʰ׼סԺʰڼ, ҶϼٴθҶʢϾǸСһСʱ, ֮, ҽԺһ۲һ£һڣΪԷɶҪϰӺӣԲȫ㣬һ쵽ҽԺεġ
Ҷʢ˵, ʱҶء
Ҷܸʲô
𿴲ҶأҶܸɵĿɶˡ
ҶϼЦҶصСԴ
ҶЦЦ
ҶϼҶʢˮˮ֮࣬ҶʢҲûʲôæ, ߵͷǰҪ绰Ҷϼʣ֣˭绰
š
˭
ţġ
Ҫţˣ
ǰ, ۾ˣôţ
ʲô۾аҶϼֱҪˣ˵㽲ˣ۾ͻû¶û¶ˣ㲻Ҫôడţúõͷţͷ԰ɵô죿
Ůе㶯ˣҶʢֻ÷µ绰Ц˵УȲȲ
Ҷϼա
ʰ֮Ҷϼȥ᷿˯ҶʢŹϣҶ˵һҶ˯ڴϣҪסԺˣҪˣ뵽ĹУһ⣬ҪϹˣͲˣŮӣҪ̨أ
үӶ԰һ֪ȫԲԽԲԽ£˯ˣҪԼشȥô죬ȥ룬ҶܲˣͰҶиŮ
ŮѾˣһҶôأ̫˰ٸŮӸǰҶиˣҶرŰҶôãҪǱŰô찡
ŮɣţˣˣˣҲˣŮֻҪŮҶһڷһ·ùʣʮУԣʮҶؾͶ¶ˣʣµ·ҶԼߡ
үôŻģ򿪴ͷĵƣҵҶصϰ˺ţóճõıʣſǰ˺һſʼд
дʮҶءҶأүүдʮ㣬СʱͶ£ʮӦö£үүʹˣû㳤󣬿һ˲Уүүtuofuùãԭүүոƴʵ벻ôд㣬үү˵дƴ
϶ܿģ԰ɣ
ʱúùʮ˰ɣùú͹÷ףҲûyiwukenqiuڷԣ
ʮˣеʮ꺢һҲǲһΪûүүụ̂ҲûаְֺyikaoҪԼԼԼ
ҶʢûʲôĻͨƪصԴʣŤŤһһƴдòдãдϵˮҲˣŵˣӹĨŷ⣬ָҶϼдһ⡣
д֮㰲ģϴҶˣҶ۾Ҷʢүү
š
ˣҺ£˯
ɡ
ҶԺҶʢĴϣ§ҶʢĲӣûһرϢҶʢĶУ֮ƽҶʢĽţҶʢ鰲ŵĲˣûһҲ˯ˡ
ڶûȥܲ˳ˣ˳ȥɽժ˲ˣȥгΪժĲ࣬ĺܿ죬·ϣҶʢ˳˳˵ԼҪȥҽԺ¶
˳һҪ
š
ʲô
ϡ
˳Ҳ˽⣬˵Ҫ;¶ͦģҶʢ򶨵ذο˳˵û¶ҹͳԺˡ
˳һҲҶʢ
Ҷʢʣ²õĻʱҲû˵˳ӷֿ֮ҶʢصңҶϼȴûпҶأҶʢʣҶأ
ȥ̼ˡ
ȥǶʲô
˵Ǻ˵һҪȥҽԺ죬ȻĻҲġ
ҶʢЦˡ
ԭ½϶ǰժ˵ģҶʢΪ۾⣬ǰ绰½̫̫û½ŹҶ½̫̫ʱ½Ż˯
Ҷغ½̫̫к󣬱½ŵķ䣬½Ż˯ţСŸ磬Ÿ硣
½Ż˯
Ÿ磬Ÿ硣
½˯ĺ㣬û
վſڵ½̫̫˵СҶأ㲻Ͱ𣿡
᲻úҶŤͷ˵Ÿ˯㡣
ôأ½̫̫ʡ
½̡Ҷվ½̫̫ߣ˵½̣ȷŸԺͷŸ˵үүˣҪүүȥ죬үүͺˣҾͻˡ
治ˣ
š
У½̰
Ÿ硣
ҶһǸոҶϼȥ緹ʱԼǮ½ģ½̫̫ҶؾͳˡܵùùүүڵԷճ극½ŹˣʣҶأ㻹ܳ𣿡
Ҷغԥػش𣺡ܡ
һԡ
á
ҶϼʰʱҶ½ԺԹ½תͷʣ˵ҲҪȥҽԺˣ
Ҷر߳Թ˵ţҪүү
Ҷүүˣ
šҶصͷ˵Һõĵġ
㵣ʲô½ɻʡ
үүһҾ͵ĵģҲүү
ģҶүү֮󣬾Ͳˡ
šҶصصͷ½žЦˣЦĸÿп˶ΪЦݣá
½Ҳ죬ȻӿڴͳӲңݸҶأ˵Ǯ
Ҷ˵Ҹġ
Ǯ
ǺðɡҶ˿ذӲҽӹ˵װСȥҸҪǻʣǮĻҶ
½Цŵͷ
ҶӲװ˴Ǯȵ½ٳʱԷɿųѾˣҶؿ½˵Ÿ磬ټ
½ʣʲôʱ򵽣
Ҳ֪Ҫ컹졣Ҷ˵ù˵ÿҽô˵ˡ
㣬ʲôʱС
šҶشӦˡ
ҶҶʢ֣ҪϳӵʱҶΰ˹Ҷΰ֧֧رʾԼûдôǮʹǧ飬Ҷʢ˵ҶϼǧǮӹȻ˵ǧ컹ɡ
ҶΰЦЦҶʢ˵֣ҪģС¶ͺˣôʲô岩ѧУʦȥҳᣬ߲÷ϼɡ
˵겻Ҷʢ˻شҶΰֱˡ
Ҷϼֱۡ
ҶʢҲ֪ҶΰΪˣҲͲǣתҶϼ˵ϼ߰ɡ
Ҷϼͷ
Ҷظ˳ſڳϺ½Ż֣һСʱҶظŴҽԺһҽԺԷΪˣҶϼŰסԺԸоҶʢĽš
סԺ֮ҶϼοҶʢһҪȥϰˣλ쵼Ӳ꣬һһٵĲ̫ãԳҶʢûжȻȥϰ࣬١
ǲ̫˵֣ţû¶ģúü飬һŵĻӰġֵõˣţС¶С¶
Ҷʢͷ˵ã鷳ҲŬԼ
Ҷϼûа취ճŵֻҶãҶʹãҶ¶绰ѵ£ֻܰϣĺˡ
Ҷ˲оԼϵأ֣ص˵ùãģһչ˺үүġ
Ҷϼ͡һЦˡ
ҶʢҲҶش˵ģЦˡ
Ҷϼ˿ʱ䣬òϽˣֻҶҶʢˣҶʢûԲҪҶչˣүڲţٴ˵죬ٴҶʢİοЦ̸Ҷʢûôˡ
ȵҽʱĸָ궼ٹ۲켸СʱûĻͿ԰ԭƻҲĵ
ҽߺҶŹڲϵֻҶʢ˵үүҸùô绰ม
𣿡
һģֻȷŸֻ׶ˡ
СҶʢڲϣЦݺͰ˵ã򡣡
Ҷؿڴϣذʽֻļཱུ̣С¿ԿϸСëǸճСƼһ˶Ҷʢţ᲻СӰĬĬүɣ꿴СӳҲĿˡ
үүùӵ绰ҶͻȻֻ
Ҷʢϲʣͨˣ
šҶؽصͷ
ҶʢӹֻҶϼ˵֮󣬹ϵ绰Ҷڲ˴ʱҽԺĺԺ˹䣬ֵʳӪ
ԺҶʢʣҽԺķó𣿡
Ҷغԥػش𣺡óԣ
ó𣿡ҶʢʹˣζҲͱȽһ㣬ҽԺķûûζģҽԣҲûжԣҶҲûôԣҶȴ˵óԣš
Ҷ˵ûүүĺóԡҽ˵ˣӪӪľǺõģ
ҶʢЦˡ
ҶҶʢֳߣϵҶʢȥˮˮȥԱϴּ䣬ҶϴϴҶ˯ԼĽűߣڶϣҽҶʢһΣĵӶʣүӣûм𣿡
Ҷǰһ˵ҽҾǼ
ҽ˲
Ĳ˶ҶضЦˣһЦҶʶԼ˵ЩߵسҶʢſСҶʢ̲סЦȻҽͣʱŮŮ͹ˡ
Ǿˣ飬ܿõġ
ã鷳ҽˡҶʢЦҽ
ҶʢͦɵģʱԽԽҶϼԷɵĵҶʢŵĲУҶϼҶһҶʢ֣Ҷϼͣ취ҶʢţһֱҶʢڴϣƵҡ
ҶҶϼԷɶţҶϼҲ֪ϲʲô¶ǵðϵİְ֣ͲɵõģԷɵ֣Է˵û¶ģţš
ҶϼӦһ§һԲҶأҶؿҶϼļͷʵãȻģܶ鶼⣬ҲףһЩҽԺĸǳģرǿҽǰүүƽһ䣬İȻֱֱضţһֱš
һСʱңŴ򿪣Ҷʢ˳Ҷһۿϵүүүү۾ɴסͫ΢΢һſùú͹÷Ͻǰѯʣүү΢΢ҶһҵԼȻŹùù÷泯
Źùù÷ææֲ֪ô°ﵹæǾվڴߣһֱҶʢ
ҶʢɵϺҶϼ˵֣û¶ˣû¶ˣ𲼾ͺˡ
ľͺ𣿡ҶʢЩɳƵʡ
ľͺˣʹҽˡҶϼϸײϵ˵ģúϢ
ҶأҶʢʱ̵Сӡ
أҿأİɣҶس¶ġ
ҶʢӦһ
ҶϼԷɿҶʢҶأȥҽѯ֮ԷɸϽȥӺӣҽԺˡ
Է뿪ûãͺˣʱҶʢҲˣоԼ״̬˲٣ʹָ۾Ҫɴסû취ԺȣҶϼڣʳô嵭ϡιҶʢһ㣬ٴθҶʢиϣСһһСʱͻؼˣûסԺ
Ҷʢַĺܶࡣ
ҶϼҲˣЦҶؿҶʢȥӵ
ҶϼһߣҶʢ㿪ںҶء
ҶظϽߣſڴߣҶʢֺүү
ҶʢЦˣΪܶˡ
ûܣһֱ
ԡ
ҶʢҶصԴֿҶط֮󣬰ԴҶʢĴ֣ҶʢůůģҶظϽؿҶʢ۾ϵɴ˵үүˣҲǺڵİɣ
ҶʢЦ˵ǰڵġǺڵİ
Ҷ̲סСᴥһɴȻҶʢߵƣС˵үүҲ£ºڣΪһڣǾͳˣǻģҲ㣬ม


50 
С֣۵, , ɾ, , ÿһҶʢů, Ц˵, үү£Ҷڣүүµġ
, үүҲģҽ˵ͺˡ
, үүġ
үү𣿡
ۡ
ͷ𣿡
Ρ

Ҷϼӵ, һ㿴СҶſڴߣſүӵĶС˵, Ȼ˵ʲô, ǿ⸱, ȴů۾, һ, ޱүҶ, Ȼһ, ֪ôѶء
ȻŮ, ʱŰְܹ֣׻Լļңְֻ֪µ, Ҳʵ޿κΡ
ãСҶŰְߣҶϼĴмŲǰһһСЦ߹ȥѯҶʢ
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ҶϼЦ˵Ҷأүү۾ˡ
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ԡ
ҶغٺٵЦˡ
ҶҶʢź֮Ҷϼɵ۵ϣ۵֨ŤһҶʢˣʣϼ˯Ƕ𣿡
С
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ãһ϶ѣ˯ɡҶϼܰҶʢҶضġ
Ҷʢ˯š
Ҷϼүû˯ںһ֡
ҶʢӦһ
ʲôأ
Сʱ裬ҪûŵĻ϶úõģر㣬ôϣԺгϢ
֣ںܺð˵ҶϼҲ֪裬Ǿί̲ס䣬˵ľͦõģɶҺܺãҲԣûôģ֣ŶھΣĶڵͦġ
𣿡
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ţȻûʲô£Ҳûίңôһֱҷڵһλ
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˵ҽԺϢŮ´ŵˣҶϼҲ´ŵҶʢϢߴҶʢ˯
ҶϼҲ˯ڶϣҶϼ緹͵ҶҶʢԣ֮ҽҶʢһ飬ҩҶϼ˵ָĺ
ãǾͿԳԺˡ
ҶϼϲʣͿԳԺˣ
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Ҷʢϲ鷳ˣرںҶΰҲˣԸ⣬˵ģҲ죬ҺҶؾڼţųԣû¶ġ
ҶϼǺھ˵䣬Ǵۿһ£Ҷϼ뿪ھĺھӣһҶҶʢأ½̫̫үӺ½ҲҶʢˡ
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ҶʢлĲˣӵҶϼ绰ʱҲ˵½̫̫ĺãְֻ֪ôĹػҶϼİ١
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Ҷʢֲš
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ð
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үү۾УͲˡ
ҲҪιιţ
ΪҶʢ۾⣬ţһֱ˩ԺͼһʱιʳͻᵷҶʢҶ˵ҶѾ·ӴŴܵ棬ϵʣóιڳԣܵݷץһӣӵĸֹͣڡ
ź˼ҶܽݷӲݣСţߣ´ţٵذӲӽţУûܵţκιĵؿһֱ׷Ĵڣ˵ڣɣ
ڳҶؽһ·ͬҶصĻ
ҶعЦˣ̫ˡ
ʱſһҶء
ǷŸ磡Ҷظ˵ش󺰣Ÿ磡
š
ˣ
š
Ҹ㿪ţҶظϽܵſڣԺŴ򿪣վŵ½ţʣŸ磬ôô磿
ժˡ
үү˵첻ժ˵ġ
Ҷػ䣬һϤĺҶء


51 
Ҷ½Ӧתͷ˳ֳʻ, Ҷ˲غү
˳ԶԶػӦСҶ, үүҲ𣿡
ˡ
ʲôʱģ
硣
ֳʻҶ½, ˳³, ѯʣƵô
κˡ
үүأ
Ժ
ȥ
˳֪ҶʢסԺ, ǲ֪Ҷʢʲôʱ, ֻǴˮƷ֮ģ̽˳ϰ, û뵽ҶʢĻˣˮԺ, Ҷʢһ
ĩ, ҶʢҲ˳ӵˮƷ
˳ӿ˵Ҿȥɽժˡ
Ҷظ˵Ҳȥ
Ҷʢȴ˵첻ȥˡ
˳ʣΪʲôȥ춼ûˡ
ûժ˰Ҷʢϵɴ
ȥ, ҺҶؾˡ
ǲС
ôˣ, ٰ
ǰҶظں渽ͣٲȥ, Ĳ˶Ҫ, ܳˡ
Ǿǡ˳Ӹ͡
ҿԺүһҶ˵
˳ٴθ͡
һһСûһͰҶʢ˵, ҶʢǮҶ, ѯҶأ۸㶼֪𣿡
Ҷصͷ֪
𣿡
ᡣ
ӳӻ𣿡֮ǰñļҶʢóȳӲ, Ҫ, ̫鷳ˣͰǸĶֵĵӳӱҶʢҶʢҶһֱá
ˡҶƶ˵
, һүܡ
ţүүڼҵһһ緹ԣһ̡
Уүүֲ
ãˡ
Ҷ֮ŴڵĺԴôҶʢڹȻ׷ҶˣҶظ½˳Ӿͳɽߣûɽɽµ߲˳һأҶΪҶʢĽûժܶ࣬Ҫ꣬ûһժ˰ֳ
˳˵ҶأǾժЩòã
Ҷؿһۣͷժ٣Ŀ죬Ҿ緹ؼҸүүˡ
˳Цˣ⺢İӶģ߲ɽҶ½˵ߡ
ߡ
˳ǰֳ
Ҷ½ںţ˲·ڣ½źҶ˵һٴγˣҶ˳ӵͷҪȥгʱһɫĳͣǰ
Ҷغ壡
Ц³ʣСҶأȥˣ
š
ɽϻв𣿡
С
Ҳɺã
ã
ҶˬشӦˣ˳ȴΪˣ˳ӰҶһߣҶ˵СҶأүүǰУô˸尡
Ҷ˵ժ˲𣿡
˭ժ
ժٲժĻ߲˾ˣܳˣֻιţˣ
ô죿
Լȥ
𣿡
һѽҶΪ˳ŷ˵кüΣүүȥгԼ˵ģһӳӣһ˵ģҹˣ
˳ӰŰɡ
һԵ֪һһСʲôںСҶأôˣڿժ˸𣿡
˳ӸϽЦʣҪ𣿡
ţʱҪȥܻǰ߲Ūãôˣ𣿡
ûûС˳Ȼû⣬֪ͻҪԣŵĿͻΪԼˣɽɽµĲȷʵǸˣ˼ǰ󣬾ҶصģȰҶ͵гϣôñİæչһ£ɽժˡ
ȷ֮˳ͬ˵ͬ־һ£ҰСҶ͵г͸ժˡ
ΪҶүҲгϣͷ
˳ӶҶ˵СҶأߡ
Ҷظ˳ߵͬʱ˵ټСҶطЦվԭصһ˳ӱСŹˣҪɽȥܻ½ţ˳Цźţʲôأ
һˡղŷڶĻܵˡ
ҵ𣿡
ҵˡ½ҿ˿ʣҶأ
гϡ
һˣ
ţһæ˾ȥ
ԣ½ɫһ˳ҲżϽɽߣûп½ŵı飬½ŷǳҪһ㣬סˡ
վԭضгķڵдżᶨҲʲôشľһͻȻӳгȥ
гͷܶǸ緹֮ģ½ûмôֵľˣһӾͽЩꡣ
ĵһ뷨ӣӻؼңӻԼС䣬شţ򿴵ӣһ룬ûҵҶأɨӣĿʼðΪӵΪӣԽԽ꣬оԼƲסԼڱıԵһҪҪˣͻȻһֻСץס֡
Ÿ磡
½תͷһҶء
Ҷؿ½žЦˣЦЦŸ磬ˣ
š
ôˣ
㡣
ѽҶصЦŨоԼˣ̣ͬʱֵĵʣ㲻𣿡
½û˵ɫѾÿ
ҶҲоˣ½ѾðϽ½ų˵Ÿ磬վҺ棬վҺ棬£ҶǺˣúõĺˣ˲˵ģҳõġ
½ŽԷɡ
Ҷط½ŵģһƬ˲䣬ˮ˵ţҪ£ˣһؼңòã
½ŵͷ
𶯣ˡ
š
Ҷس½һЦͿʼߺȣһɤӾͰ½ŸһɽгĴΣػߣ֪Ҷôˣ˿̿Ҷʵ̾
̾ǣҶһߺȣȻĹˣҶһ̡塢үظģ˭һ𣬴һرϲҶƵģÿ϶ŴƺͰЦݣҶ˵Ҳϸ
һЦ½ŵķ˴룬תͷҶʱҶһѶǷŵӳϣæСͨ˵̣𼱣𼱣ȳһүĶรүǮ
֣
ҶһֽǮһֵݲˣżӲˣȥĺܣԱߵĴñİæ۵ͨ죬΢΢
һж½ŵУ½֪޾УĽŷͿ־伣ֱֱؿҶأֱи˿ҪһϹϡ
ҶӦһſڳﱧϹϣΪˣҲΪӲߴӲǱһԵĴñҪæʱ½һǰϹϴӳﱧŵ˵ӳϡ
Ҷ̸˵˵Ÿ磬лл㣡
½ţ
¿ͷѣ¿˸ͷƺûôˣ½űһϹϺû˻Ҷص󣬶ǺҶزվֳǰ˵ҪʲôˣͰæʲôˣҶصĹ
ûһֳֻʣһСˣҶ½۵ĿֳϣȴǻȣԼǳ԰׷ܹƵСӣرõĴˡ
ԱߵĴñĲͣؿҶأҲ½ţӶ˵죬ʱҪҶһСУһ־͸Ҷһʮֽҡ
ҶضźƤգ۾
ʣСôˣ
ҶʣǮ𣿡
˷˷¶˵ûС
ǺðɡҶؽӹʮǮݸñģſڴñĶߣС˵ñ壬ǮĻǼٵѽ
ñ̿Ҳؿ˿˵ġ
ҶŷĵؽӹǮҪӹϵǮǮʱͻȻһ㶣ſñĶ䣬С˵ñ壬ʮǮһëǮڶٰ
ˣһ㶼ǮҶܹٵʮǮڵ㣬ʮûˣñǴ˿̲֪̲סЦ
Ա˶ЦҲЦˣõؽҶǮ֮ðСУĵˡ
ҶصĲˣҶػɵض½˵ˣ
½ŵͷ˵

½Цˡ
ҶΧֿû˳ӵӰܲ˻ûժðɣ˳ˣʹñ˵һҪ½һؼҡ
ñİֳȺƳҶأҶطǳòñ˵ллñķǳҶأΪҶһ߲۾ǣҲΪҶ⺢̫ˡ
Ҷֳ߳ȺŷļԼĲˣҶѾѵֳ̯ʱ̼үүûг緹ӲϹŵǮͳʮǮ˵ϰ壬Ҫһ붹ԡ
֡ϰӦһ
Ҷתͷһ½ţִǮͳʮǮ˵ԣϰ壬Ҫ붹ԡ
˵꣬ҶԼСӣֹһ䡰Һöô찡ǮǮԥһ£˵ϰ붹԰ɣĻҿܳԲ
ϰ壺
½ţ
Ǯʱ½ŴӿڴͳʮǮҪϰ壬ѵô󷽵Ҷظ˵ҺöæǮ㣬ȻĻүү˵ҿŵġ
½ţ
ӵ붹ԣҶ̿ˮھͳ԰ܳԣҪүүһԣͷŵֳתͷ½˵Ÿ磬߰ɡ
½ŵͷ
Ҷزֳһֱţ½Ա߷ţƵ·ʱ˶۵ͨˣҶ˵źۣүү˵űɣɡ
½ŻɵؿҶأʣ𣿡
쿴үүүҡ԰ɡ
½һ䱸ؿҶأҶش󵨵ֳŻܰѳӲȵףȴˣֳֻһʻղסֳԱײǵҶش
½һϽסԵֳקͣûײϣҶŵһĵĺ˼ػͷ½š
½˵
Ҷʣ𣿡
š
ҶزţʣĻġ
š
Сĵ㣬㣬Ȼץס
š
½ŰֳƵ·ϣȥƵزȳӣļ٣ֳȻһֱֱУһԵҶؿ۾С׷½ţС˵Ÿ磬˰
š
Ÿ磬
š
Ÿ磬㳬ģ

Ÿ磬ôô



52 
Ҷһֱͦˣ˻, ͻᷢĵ, رˡ½ŵʱҶؿþؿ佱, ½˴ţ
½űҶؿСţžסˣЦˡ
ҶҲĵЦˣĵʣŸ磬𣿡
½Żش𣺡ܡ
ҶʣŸ磬𣿡
ܡ
, ȥţòã
š
½̷ٶȡ
ҶذǮӽڣſֳ, Сһ̧, ֳ, ǰһڣҲֳһ, Ҷؾôڳһֱ׼Сˡ
ȼ𳵶Ǯ, ҿ, ûѿǮӹڲϣǮڻȻſĵش˵Ÿ, ˡ
š
һϣ·ܸܵԱķ磬ԱŨҶ㣬ĿҶһ˵ð

Ÿ磬

ҶŤͷڳϵ½ţ˵Ÿ㲻ˣ˵Ӣ㻹ֳҶģ

½ǰĬĬţҶںߴߴ˵ţӾôһһ·ʻţ·˵ĲĿԼĿУͨɽĲ·ʱ½ͣһתͷ˳ӼҴҵسߡ
Ҷ̺ү
˳ӸոŲӦðҶһ˷гϣһ˱ˣҶϸ罻ͻȻͼˣ϶쳤ˣҲӽˣû뵽һ̧ͷͿҶء
ү
СҶأ˳ӸϽҶظǰܣҶظ첲ؿûϽʣôˣ
ѽ
ˣ˳ӳһȻһɶԾʣˣ
Ҷصͷˣ
˳ӲţϾҶֻһĺӣôôˣ˳ӵɣҶؽﴧŵǮǮ˳ӿү㿴
˳Ӿˣ
Ҷصصͷһ緹ǻؼҰɡ
˳ÿ춼ڼԹ緹ٹɻģⲻģĵظҶأ½ﳵٶȣͳеҶ죬ѯҶ˵ľ
Ҷһһششţǰһ󹷽УҶһǴڵתͷȥ㿴ԺſҶʢҶʢȱվŴڡ
ҶʢԼҶص΢΢ŤͷʣҶ𣿡
үүң
ҶʢЦˡ
ֳͣºҶظϽӳҶʢǰҶʢ֣˵үүҰѲˡ
ҶʢЦǺǵ˵ô
ţҺͷŸһġ
ŸҲȥˣ
ţҺүүȥģүүˣһŸ͹ˡ
Ҷʢû½ŷǵ½Һµ˶ĵطȥɻҶأ𣿡
ˣŸ糬¸ҵģŸ绹ֳŸһġ
һ½죬ǽס˳Ӽ廰Ҷʢ˵һ˵ϵΪСҶ̫˵û죬ʱ̹עҶ˵Ҷһ˵ˣһָҶʢǮ˵Լ˺öǮͣ
ȵҶͣٵʱ˳ӸϽѻӹҶиܺõŵ㣬ǾǴ˵Ҷʢ̵ġ
˳źҶʢ˵ϵ¶˳㽫ǮҶʢֿ佱Ҷ½䣬ȻֳҪ뿪
֪˳ӶڼҳԹҶʢû͸˳һЩˣ۾ʹûֻͣ˵۾ˣСӹԷ
˳ֳӦ֣ˣ
С
˳ϲɻֻҪɻ;Լ˼ֵԼҲ˼ֵҶʢ׼˵ֳˡ
Ҷ½ŹͶԣҶ˵һ䣺үүǺͷŸһԷ
Ҷʢ˵á
ҶذеĹҲţճ֣ץҶʢ˵үүߣңǽԺӡ
áҶʢǺЦ
ҶҶʢ֣ԺʣүүôԺӵѽ
ҶʢҶص֣үүԼİ
ôģء
ΪүүססˣŻûġҪ̫ҶˣԺסǽڳʯͷ£һֱгķ򡰿ţ͵ȴҶع
үү𣿡
е㡣
緹ˣö࣬ŵңȥʢһ£ϾͳԷ
С
ҶذҶʢԺ½һ̧ССӣȻ緹ŽУҶٴҶʢ֣ҶʢǰŸ£绰ˣȥӵ绰ǹùõĵ绰ùѯүүٽչүү
ϵ绰ҶغҶʢ˵˵绰ݣҶʢ֣ҶʢԺ͹˵үүǶԣӣԼԺ𣿡
Կԡ
ߡҶҶʢ˵ǹӼвסãһҸϴ֣Сĵ㣬ˣù˵ڲܳܳӲҲܳԴ׺ͽͣԣòã
áҶʢЦʣùýģ
ţүүĺòã
ˣ
ҶؿļˣкҶʢ½ų緹үүŸ磬ǳԣһԡ
Ҷʢسԡ
½ÿӼŹ˹سԡ
ֻҶǺسԣһ̫æˣҲ̫ˣӶ˺üأ˰˰붹ԣٶȣʼﵹ׺ͣȻҧһڣСͺ˵ۣúóۡ
ҶʢЦ½ſҶص۾⣬ҲЦ˶ΪҶصͷóԣڵس緹ʱ½̫̫ˡ
½̣ҶȺ
½Ųſں̡
½̫̫Լ緹һСڳţΪȣ˵Ҷϸ磬Ÿ緹ˣôͳˣ
ҶʢѾվЦ½̫̫ͣ鷳ң緹Ҷ½гˣ½̫̫ץס˹ؼʣʣţҲȥгˣ
½˵ţҺҶһȥˣ
½̫̫һ㵣Ҷȥˣ
½ŵͷ
ȥгˣ½̫̫е㼤
š
кܶ˵Ǹг
š
㲻𣿡
ʼе㺦£Ͳˡ½Ŷһ˵гϵ˶ܺãҺҶضܺá
찡ӾȻȥгϣȥ˲ˣһ˵ô֣½̫̫شˣҽ˵ĴֻҪԸӴˣСʱһ˶ӣôͲˡ
طķУ½ŵѯ˵һȷϣҶѯʺ½̫̫ȷѾԣԸȥӴˡ
﷭ϲõĲΣѹסˣˣŬѹʱ½˵̣⼸춼Ҷ𣿡
½̫̫Ͻ˵԰԰̻緹ˣǻ𣿡
½Żû˵ҶظϽ˵ҳԡ
½ţ
Ҷʢӹ磺Ҷأ㶼һˣûгԱ𣿡
ûСҶسʵش𣺡һ㣬һһܳԱҲ֪ҽôô
Ҷʢ
½ţ
̫ˣ۶£Сڳ壬ҶڶһˣܳǺõģܳǸ½̫̫ЦŽӻЦ۾ˣ̫ϲҶ⺢ˡ
ЦŰѷд򿪣Ǿµ㣬֮˵ǾΪ½̫̫Ѽ򵥵İͷ˶״
ͷɳͷγඹͯȤҶһӱסˣž̵س֮½̫̫ҲˣҶذҶʢ뷹ӷŵԺˮĨӡ
½һԿţʣҶأܰæ𣿡
̧ӡ
أ
һι
á
ҶزС½һᵽһԣȻҶذԼʣͷһЩˮ붹ιڣڹߣŴڰѹɾˣڵԴ˵ˣϾͳôˣ
ڳҶأſھһ
ҶҲŴڣһ䣺
ڼ
Ҷ٣
ڣ
Ҷأ
ڣ
½ţ
Ҷʢ
ҶغƵģšͣ½ȥҶصļҶתͷ½ţ½˵ˣҪιˡ
Ŷԡ
Ҷ½ݷӲݷץףǰѴС֮󣬸ϽդŹϣιţСǶźˡ
ҶڿǮˣҶϲһ飬ǮǮȫҶʢǰһ֮󣬷ŵҶʢ˵үүһúǮöء
ǰö࣬Ҷб¡
š
һۻ˰ɡ
ۡ
ҲЪһЪ
á
ʱ̫Ѿˣ͵СԺҶʢΪϢ㣬ԾãҶˣҶЪţɹɹ̫ڸƵգȵ̫ʱһСŲҶ½ſСӶҶʢ
ҶʢŰţҶ½ŵ̫ɴ͸ƤӳĹУžһҸɣѾ֪ԼϹˣɺֻܶ࣬⼸Ҷˣ죬ժɴˣʱīҲˡ
ôƻţҶ۵СԽһˮãǴЦҶ½Ŷ飬żҲҶ½ŽЩϵĴ˵£ġ
һֱİʮ£Ҷʢתƻ˵ô죬ˡ
ҶظŽӻҪ𣿡
ˣȥ򷹡
򷹵Ļڳʲôأҿ϶ûгԱҶʱ̲ڡ
ĴſҶصĽűߣм˦˦ںڵСβ͡
Ҷʢʣ˵ôأ
Ҷ룬˵԰ɡ
𣿡
ᣬŵͣˣѴнŽȥһ£Ȼˮտˣȥ˾ˡүүôġ
Ҷʢû뵽Сӹ۲ôǿҶģһСʱƶʵʱҲʼˣ˿ΪﻹһֻҪԷǾ԰ɣҲǶһҶˣǿھ˵ע㣬̵ֱˡ
á
һҶе˷ܣ½ųܣ½Ҳûͬ˷ܣһϴˣУԱߵҶʢõ֣ǱСпٽƬȻҶض½˵Ÿ磬ջ
½ŵͷ
˵ɾ͸ɣ̨еߣҶվſףһСӹվС
Ҷʢָ£ͽȥ֮󣬰ѴнŽﳴһ£ζŵˮҶʢٴ˵ҶأȻʱעһ£˳õ̵ˡ
Ҷƶ˵үүģο϶̵ҵġ
ҶʢЦʣΪʲôô϶ѽ
ΪҰ½ˮ˰

½ˮͲаˡҶһ̵˵ţһվСϣǳؽһͳͳˮˡ



53 
ҶʢֹѾ, Ǹϵ, ǲĵʣҶ, ˣ
Ҷظ˵˵ˡ
ˣ
š
ˮ
ţ

Ҷʢ˵ˣʵҲ֪˵ʲô, ˵ҶشɣҶ뷨ǶԵģܴ㺢ӵĻԣ˵Ҷض԰ɣҶصִˡеЦãͬʱеҶ, Ĭһ˵Ҷ, һȥǷЩ˻, ðɣ
ҶغʣΪʲôҪղأԵ˺öడ
µĲܳˡ
Ϊʲô
»ˡ
ô»أҶػûԼĴ
ˮ
һˮѽ, Ÿء
ҶΪˮˮһ, ֪ˮ, ˮһ㡰Ĥ, ǾѾһ, Ҷʢü򵥵ĻҶؽ, Ҷ, ʱ򣬹Χðİ, ǰ½˵񲻶Ծ
ҶתͷʣôԾ
սζ
սζ
ҶҶʢͬʱӣȷʵŵˮƮսζҶʢ˵ճ, սˡ
ҶؾһϽվСϣŹǣѹƿ龰ʹˡ
½ŸվһҲˡ
Ҷʢʣôˣ
Ҷظ˵ô¶ԱߵĶսˣмôİ
Ҷʢ˵ΪȲ
ҶذռˣŹѿԼر𱿣Ҳرô˷ѰҶʢҶصЦ˵û¶˾ͽ˰ɣһ顣
Ƕܳ˰
˭˵ܳˡ
ܳԣҶ۾ͻȻ
ܡ
ôԣ
ڳԡ
ˣڳ𣿡
ԵġҶ¶ͳһǮݸҶأ˵ǮȥЩղ˻һŪ˲֭һ£ϲء
𣿡
ģȥ˰ɡ
ã
ҶǮ½Ҫȥʱ½̫̫ŷˣѯ֮£ͰҶ½˻һҶ½½̫̫̲סЦ½żջҶʢ˵ģ˵֭У˹
ŵǰʱβҡļ˵ߺسԵĿˣҶʢ˵Ҷأڶϲµ
š
˵Ҷغġ
š
ŴôҶصİһɨ⣬ôͷŸĵһûʧܣٴϲģͷŸҲ˲֪ʶһĸոյʧ䣬Ҷ»˵˵ҺͷŸ½һġ
½졣
½̫̫ЦЦҶ½ŰСʰã緹ϣҶ½źҶʢķҶʢͦ˼ģʲôûл½ֻ̫̫Ҷؽժ߲˸½̫̫ࡣ
½̫̫֪ҶʢԸǷ飬ЦŽ߲ˣ½ŲҪƤʳк뿪ˣҶ˿ʼ緹
緹֮ҶرʣµĹͷڳԣŴԵͦ࣬һ󱸣㽫ʣµĹͷװС¶ٳԣ굽ˮͷǰϴ½ŸҶߡ
ҶʣŸ磬ϴ𣿡
½˵ᡣ
ϴ𣿡
½ԥһͷš
ҽ㡣Ҷصݸ½һɾĵӣְֽ½ϴմϴྫĨһٳһرɾˣ㿴ɾ˰ɣ
š
ԡ
š
ԣģŸ磬

һϴ

ϴҪһ飬ٳһ飬ȻϴྫҪģ

Ҷ۵ͣԺһ˵һ˵˵ݶظģȫ˵½źҶʢģҶ˵Ŀ֣½ҶʢҲĿ֣ڿУҶ½ϴʰ˳ι˼ιţҶʢ俴˯
ӻڲŹ棬Ҷ½ҶʢѾ˯ſҶشߵĴڣſԼצӣһһµҡԼĶβͣƤ΢΢ţ˺࣬˷֮һƬ֮Уȵ̫пգƫƣǵû죬ˡ
Ҷ𴲺ˮرëһСëݸ½˵ѽȰҶˣŸ磬𣿡
½˯ѣе㴲һ
ҶʢԺ˵ˣȻˡ
Ҷתͷʣ𣿡
ˣڲ
ۣϲ졣
вϲ𣿡Ҷʢʡ
ûУүүͷŸ죬Ҷϲ
򵥵һ䣬Ҷʢůڵģڲ½󣬿ҶһۣǳǳһЦֽʪëԺڵϣ̫ıɹʱëһͷǺҶأһĨë㾪ۣë˰
½ǰһ¡
Ÿ磬˰ɣ
š
ÿ죬ѽ
ȷʵкܶôھɽС˵ʱϦȴͶС̷ڸֵߺȣߵģ۵ģض⽣ˮȣԼҲ
Ҷʢ鷳½̫̫ˣҶȥ֪ͨ½̫̫һǳˣҶһ½̫̫ңջصԺӱ˷ߺ
ˣó
ضӴ
ֹˮˣ
ըըըӰóԲҪǮ

һߺҶصĶУҶľҪˮˣȷЩֵϣܿ˿׼ȥأʱүүǻ˵Ҷأ𼱱𼱣϶ᵽ·ģȣǰ򡣡
ҶʢҶ½ŲԺʯͷϣС̷ĵҶػﱧŴڣһСʱȥɽãڶˣڵȳԵġ
ڶҶصˡ
Ҷسһѣ򡣡
ڡءһſҶػͻȻߺֹˮˣҶؼһڹϣߴһѸվתͷһҶسС̷׷Ҷء
Ҷ½Ųˮۣ˹ضߺҶʢ˻ƹϼڶˮȣҶ½СǰԹضߡӳԵСͺģÿһʳﶼ˴ˡ
ҶըؼŤͷһ½ˮ裬˵Ÿ磬һӳԣһûгӡ
½תͷǩƽжҶأҶذСȥҧһӣǩЦض½˵Ÿ磬õĺѡ
½Цˡ
ҶذسӣǶ½ŵĸлһҶʢԱţ˵˵ֶܶԣԹˣͲܳˡ
ţˡҶصͷٳһٳԣһͷŸһԣŸ磬ϲ԰ɣ
ϲ
ǳٳԡ
á
Ҷ½ŽԵһɶҶʢԺʳʱѾˣˣҶָ˵үүŸ磬ǿ
½Űͷ
Ҷʢû
ҶҶʢ˵үүҰ㿴ม
ôҿ
ҿ˵
ã˵˵үүšҶʢʮֺҶҪô˵
ҶذС췱ǾͿʼ˵ϺööǣΧһһҪȥǶˣ
ΪʲôȥǶˣ
Ϊ󰡣ҪȥĻͿԺǣˣȻĻǻµģУͷرǵģһģһ졣
Ҷ쿴ͯ鿴ˣһӵ˼룬ҶʢžʮȤʣʲô
·
·
ǰˣһСǿ϶һС˵ѽˣû·ˣôأҪȻһȥ·ɡ˵⡣
ǻȥĶ·أ
ȥȥĸǶ
ҶʢˣʣΪʲôȥĸǶ·أ
ΪŮ֯үү㲻˵ŮĸŮŮ֯ĸﲻͿ·׬Ǯ𣿡
ҶʢéٿЦ
һԵ½ŸЦҶˣҶ̴յ½Ÿǰ˵Ÿ磬Цˡ
½൱ֵ˵ûС
Цˣˡ
ûС
㻹ϡҶؼ½Ÿǰա
ûС½ŰҶơ
Ҷؼ½ˡ
½żơ
ҶЦٴγ½ˣЦ˵С
ûС
Уˡ
ûУվá
Ͳվá
һƢõ½ţҲûҶطƢ෴Цˡ
һһƣžԺ׷ҸĴڣҲ׷һԺЦﲻϴǰҶʢ½̫̫½үԶԶˡ
˹ҶʢˮҶ½ϴ裬½үҲչҶʢһȻ뿪Ҷ½Żϸˬ˯ϣҶغҶϼͨ绰㱨үү֮СֽŸ½ŶԱȣŸ磬ҽźðס
½ţҰס
Ұףְֵjiojio

jiojioҲÿ

jiojioסҶƤԼĽ½ŵĽģһ£һ¡
½رϽѽҶ׷½Ҷ׷½ŻҶػ׷½ŶҶˣǿĵġ
ڴϵҶʢ˵ϴˣ˰Ȼһ
Ҷͣ
½ŹԹԵɺá
ҶʢҲ£ֽƸˡ
һ°ˣҶתͷ˵үүһҪȥˡ
Ҷʢ˵ãүүȥɴա
ȥɴ𣿡
šˡȻҶʢҶʧҶɽ֮ǰҲûмҶأҶسʱ֪ģǵҶصգʣҪʲô
Ҷ˵ʲôﶼҪҶУүүŸùöҺöġ
⺢֪㳣ְҶʢЦЦ˵ܵҪһɣһ룬Ҫʲô
šҶص룬һ˵뵽ˣҪһֳһүүһֳ


54 
ֳҶʢ½ͬʱꡱһ, û, ־úЦضҶأ½ſҶغÿǽϵķһ㣬ʣ, Ҷ۵˵ǱЦҡ
½̲ס֡ꡱһ
Ҷת˵Ÿ磬Ц, Цҡ
½˵á
ҽġ
𣿡
ҶתҶʢ˵үү˵ġ
ҶʢЦүү˵һ˵, ˵һ˵Ϊʲôֳأ
Ϊֳôöడ
Щô
˰ֳ֮ǾͲý˼ҵѽ, үүͲܵŪѽÿҶʢ˳ӵֳ, ܻССģŪˣǷ顣ʵŪ, ҲǷ, ǲͣҶǰ߶¶
ö֮, ҶҲͼסˣֻҶʢû뵽Ҷػס, Ⱥģ뿴һҶصСģ۾ϵɴһƬڰ
ںڰֱҶظжһѣҶصСĦ, Ҷؼ˵ֳԺҲѧˣѧԺֳүүˣүүģ
ҶʢЦ˵ãǾֳ
򡣡
С
ǡǡҶͻȻ뵽һϾ⡣
Ҷʢʣʲô
Ǯ𣿡
С
ҽԺ˺ܶǮ
ҶʢЦ˵Ҹ˰ϴ󲮻ǧǮûл꣬˵ǮأǮء
Ҷһ˵Ҷʢ˵Ǿ䣺á
û
ǾǮҾˡ
ԣĺˡ
ˣоȫһˣҶԼ˷ܸУתͷͶԱߵ½ţ˵Ÿ磬ҹҲˡ
½糣һ
Һһˡ
š
Ƕˡ
š
̫ˣҶظ˵§½š
½ŲҶʱض˵ĵĶǱҶ§źȣ½ŰҶƿ˵§̫ˡ
Ҳȡ
ȡ
һ̾Ͳˣһ̾Ͳѽ
ȡ
ȡ
Ҷ§½ˣˣЦˣ
ˣ½ԶֲҶأҶһֱ֣ͷˣҶ§ţԱߴϵҶʢ˵ˣҶأ֣˯á
มҶɺã̺»Ǵ½ţ½ĶҶˣҲҲ״Ҷغ֣żҲҶһ֣һֱ˯
ڶʱ˳ӹˣҶ½ŸϽ·ϴҶʢ˵һ͸˳ȥɽժˣժ֮Ҷ½Ÿ˳ӵֳߡ
ߵ·ڵʱҶʣŸ磬Ҳȥг𣿡
½ԥ
Ҷ˵Ҳȥɣ
½ҶڴĿ⣬ͷ
Ҷ̿ˣ½ŵ֣׷˳ӵֳܣ˳һ㣬ͣӣӱڳأ˵һ䡰ˡֳгȥ
ʱҶ½ţҶ½Ųڳأڳڣųĵʵů硣
Ա߻ɹдеľǳãر½š½СҪôȺҪôǸĸҪôǼսûԹҶһЩʶĴӵ˵ǵĴɤţǵĴЦоǴһԡ
ͷϿϵ̫Ҷķ϶䣬˸ŵâҫ۵ҶصЦݣתͷߵҶأҶؽŹĹĵǮʱҵĲ쿴Ψֻ©Ǯһʱֳͣ
ˣҶ˵һ䡰Ÿ磬ˡֳһֽ§Ǯһ緹תͷͺүү
Ҷʢͷϰɴһ֦ؾ͵ԺſڣҶػˡ
ţǽװ˺öˣˡҶĻǮöǮ
ҶʢЦˣ˳˵˼仰֮˳ӸҶصֽԺӣһԺӣҶؾͲͣغҶʢ˵гϵ¶˵װ˺ö˵ģ˵˼ҵĲǼۣҲǼۣ˵Ÿģ춼ˣ˵ǮǮװˣǮĵġ
ҶʢЦ˵Ҷأȳ緹
ðɡҶѹס˷ܣ½Ҷʢһ緹緹ҶʢҶ˵ҪȥҽԺһˡ
Ҷһ㶣ʣȥҽԺ
Ҷʢ˵ţùϴ绰ˣ˵ȥҽԺɴٿָ
ҽ˵۾𣿡
ǰòɴ
ǻ᲻¶ҶĵľүүҲүүˡ
ᣬǿָҲù÷ġ
Ҷش˴ӦһŶ
Ҫģ÷үүȵүүٻʱ򣬾ܿҶˡ
ȻֻûҶأҶҶʢúôһ
˵ܹˣүģͬʱҶʢ˵үүϾͺ÷ȥҽԺҲ֪ʲôʱܹ˻֮󣬾͸ŵ½̼ţүү֮󣬾ȥ㣬òã
Ҷصͷ˵á
½̼ҲôƤˡ
š
Ҳëëŵģһһ£һ§һµģ֪𣿡
ΪүүͷŸϲҶأҶϲүүŸһ֣ϲ½§½ţϲ§үүүү˵ôëëţ̴Ӧ֪
Ǿ˵ˡ
š
үү͸ա
á
ϣҶ½糣˳ӵֳȴûпԺſڵҶʢ½˳˳ټԺţ̳Ҷرιιţģּţιˣϣ½һ½̫̫ҡ
½̫̫رϲҶأϽӵҶʢĵ绰˵ҪҶطһ죬ĵĲˣһ˷ʢ緹ҶأҶ½һҾͳϷʢӪ緹
Ҷؿ۾ۡһ֮˵½̣ҵһ͡
԰Ժ
ţ½ôóԡ
½̫̫˵ǰǸԵġ
½̣̫ˣҺøжѽ
½̫̫Ц˵жжԷԷ
Ҷҧһ˵½̣İ̫óˣ
½̫̫۾һЦˡ
ϡҲúúȣ
Ƕȵȵ㡣
½̫̫ͣظҶضԣȫԱߵ½ţ½Ҳǣͷ˹˹ĵسԼ緹֪˻ΪҶز½̫̫״ӣ½ֻء
緹ճԹ½̫̫Ҷ緹ʲôҶ½ųˮʳ᷿Ӱʱ½̫̫Ϣһ㿪ʼ½үڳæµʢ緹ڼ䲻ʱվԺ͸  ᷿ԼҴӻ᲻ᷢƢ֮ࡣ
ԼҴӳ˻һ㣬Ѿûˣʱ򣬿绰ˣûҶر½ȥӵ绰ˣ½ʮץĵ绰
½̫̫Է˵ʲô½ŵ˵ֻûˣڳ硣

үүڳ

ţڿӡ

顣

ţ֪

½̫̫᲻ʱ½ẉ̂
½̫̫Ͻ߽
绰½Űѵ绰ݸ½̫̫
˭ģ½̫̫ʡ
衣
½̫̫ӹ绰˶˱½ЩȴʧòȻŰ˴¶֮ǰҲͷı˶½ӰԱʮ۰ŵģͬʱ½̫̫Ҳ൱أص绰ѯŵ
ûϵܹ绰ˣغ½̫̫˵л֮ģ½̫̫Ҳͬ˵һϵ绰½˵ܹĵ绰迪ļˡ
½죬šһתͷ᷿ˣɳϣҶؾʣôӵ绰ôðղźþ㶼ûпڶǹˡ
½˵Ϊĵ绰
绰ˣ
ţҴ绰
Ҷ˲䲻ˡ
½źؿҶأʣôˣ
Ҷصüգ۾СС˵͸Ҵһε绰û˵ӣѸٹϵ绰ˡ
½һ²֪˵ʲôˡ
Ҷز˵
½Žôʱ½̫̫һըըˣЦе˵ҶأţһһըըǲǱȿϵ»ͻóԡ
βҶػӦ½Ƚӹ½̫̫һתһ룬ڴӲһˣҪϰߣǺ½˵輸зѽݮԼų԰
š
½̫̫ˡ
½Žӹӣȥ˷ѽŵҶǰ˷ѽϣ˿Ҷأԥһ˵Ҷأԡ


55 
Ҷ̧½, ½ûĹˣҲ֪ôܰҶأֻǵԼʱʱ, ҶؾóԵĺ㽫ӳҶǰ, ˵ԣܺóԵġ
ҶĿ⿴, ըĻƲӲӵļ, Ź, һررʳ½һݸҶأ˵
Ҷֽӹ
½˵԰ɡ
Ҷû
½ż˵Ժġ
Ҷʣ𣿡
ģ趼ӵ, 費𣿡
ǰ, 賬ҵġһҶŲɵģΪ˵Զġ
Ҷصĵˣ½ٴΰѻתƵ˵, ԰ɣرóԵġ
áҶֹ, бѹҲᷲõķ濴½֮, ĵһɨ⣬½һըը
½ŻҶص̽ʣҶ, ó𣿡
óԡ
Ե㡣½ֵݸҶһ
Ҷֽӹ˳½ŵĻ˵ĺúóԣ½ʳóԵˣĻóԣ½̶Կˡ
š
Ÿ磬Ҳԡ
á
Ҳ

Ҷָֻ԰˵ģ½ų͸һҶزˣҶزˣΧһˣմ˷ѽֵݸҶأҶؽӹͳԣ˵ţŸҲԣҲԡ
½ŵͷҶһ𽫵еըըԹ⣬½̫̫ǸзִˣҶ½ŵʳҲǸոյķӳ֮˿ӰԷʢ緹
緹֮½̫̫ӻʳҶ½ȥﵽҶʢңι˼ιţι˴ڣȻٵվһҶʢûеҶʢ˵ˣһŻ˯һݵ
һ飬Ҷؾѯ½̫̫үүûУ֪үүûле㵣ģ½һؼңﻹǿյģүүûл
ҶЩɥ˵үүô
½˵ܻڳԷ
ǳ緹𣿡
š
ˣ˳ԷˡҶһ˵һ˳Է죬˳ԷҪĸһԷ緹ԳԵ磬Ÿ磬֪Ϊʲô𣿡
֪
Ϊһ߳һ˵˵óóʱ䣬ûгԱֶˣԳԵʱر𳤡
밡½ԶԣʶӶͷ
Ҷض϶˵үү϶ڳԷ
Ӧǵġ
Ҿ͵š
㡣
Ҷصصͷš
½Լ׵ȰҶһҳͯ飬½ſ£һ½沣飬һֺ½Сһֺ½׷Ŵ
ԺڵʯͷϣԺſڿҶؿ˵Ÿ磬ȥүү𣿡
½˵á
ҶԺϣ½һŴڣͣվʱ̫ѾбûȣķҲ⣬µʯͷϣԶȥһһĹʻ
ÿͣҶضܵſڣСԴ̽ûүү½ŵߣظΡ
Ҷתͷ½˵үүһͻˡ
½ŵͷ
үүܵҵġ
š
үүرãһõģҲã̫æˣϰ࣬˰ܻңġ
½Ҷأ˵Ҳġ
Ҳϰ𣿡
š½ŵͷ軹ҪӰ࣬ҪܺܶˣӰ࣬ÿ°֮󣬻˸绰ʱ˵ܳʱ䡣
趼ࡣҪϰ໹ҪӡҶͬ̾Ϣһ˵˶ôæģҪæ׬Ǯҵġ
½æµһֱġ
ҶؿԶһ˵ǳɴˣҲôæ
š
ǵѧ˵ѧҶһתͷԶһȺСӱĵػˣҶתͷ½˵Ÿ磬Ƿѧˡ
½ŵͷ
үү˵ˣٿѧʱ򣬾ѧˣҪһ꼶Ҳһ꼶½˵Ҫһ𵽾ɽСѧѧġ
š
Ÿ磬Ϲѧ𣿡
Ϲ
ҲϹϵ׶԰ȻȻѧ̫ˣҾ;;͡Ҷӣһ뵽˵һʶ˵Ҿѧˡ
ҡҲѧˡ
Ҷҵ½ŵĹͬһ˷ܵĲУʣҲѧˣҲ׶԰ѧİ
ţˡ
ˣʱ˰
ţˣѧУУˣʦͲˣүү̾Ͱҽӵˡ½ŶԼ׶԰飬Щ䣬ǰ½̫̫Ҳ˵ʮԸҶ˵
ҶǸûѹڣ½˵׶԰лˣе£ǿϤ½ţ־һҲˣе㲻ʣΪʲôִأ
ﷳ½΢΢ͷ˵ҲƲסԼ
Ҷԥһ˵УԺһѧʱͬұ֤㷳㷳ˣҰԼͲᷢ𲻻ˡ
½΢΢תͷҶص۾΢΢⣬˵ڲ𲻴ˡ
Ϊʲô
ΪҲˡ
ԣ㲡Ѿˣ㶼ҺһȥгˣǸѽǾͿѧѽҺүүȥгˣñ˵Сѧ׶԰ͲһˣСѧ֪ʶˣñ꼶ˣöĿᣬÿνҵҪһβСҶһ㶼ĵ˵꼶ˣҿ϶ĿᣬŸҲᡣ
½źʣΪʲôǶ᣿
ΪǴѽġҶСյ½Ŷ˵Ÿ磬Ҹ˵รҶ岩ûҴ϶꼶ˣöֶʶԻϴ˵ʮļʮʮš

˵Ҷ岩ġҶֱ壬¿һȺСѧϣ˵Ÿ磬㿴ǵӡŵܣرÿ
ҶָһСӵ˵ʮһŵʱҲģ˵ġ
½Ŷû˵ʱһֹˣҶظϽ򹫹ſڣСԴڿûпҶʢٴ½Ųʯͷϣޱ߼ʵ˵һЩ۾һֱǰͻȻһСҶأ
ҶŤͷһԷɣ̺÷򣡡
Է˵Ƕˣɡ
÷үү𣿡
ˡ
үүĶأ
ڼأǴӶ·ģҲɣүүڼҵء
ãҶشӦţүүĻˣ̾ͳԷɵķܣ½ŸˣϽܻһץס½ŵ֣˵Ÿ磡ߣ
Ҷ½سܣԶԶر㿴ҶʢҶʢһīԺ߳øүүҶأѡүү̽ſ½ŵ֣Ҷʢǰߡ
ҶʢͿҶˣҶصһүүû뵽⸱īˣҶء
Ҷ߹Сүү
ȥ·ڵүүˣ
šҶػҶʢʣүү۾˰
š
ܿ𣿡ҶرҶʢվš
ҶʢЦˣ˵ܰ
Ҷزȷīӻ֣ҶʢЦ˵ʲôֻȥģ
Ҷͷϲүүܿˣ
ǰȥɴͺ˰۾ոպãܼǿ⣬ԴһʱīӦһ¡ҶʢīȥԻȴůĿҶһۣȻְīϡ
ҶظӸˣ˵Ĳ֪룬Ҷʢ֣תͷ½˵Ÿ磬үүˣ
½˵ţҿˡ
үүܿˣҲܿˡ
Ҷؿģ½졣
Ҷز½˵ǰ̽Ľַ˵˵үүˣ˵үүܿˣ˷һֱȵԷɵ˶֮Ҷػڸˡ
һֱҶʢҶʢ᷿᷿Ҷʢ᷿᷿ҶʢԺӣҲԺӣʱʱܵҶʢǰ棬Դ͸īҶʢ۾
ҶʢЦ˵ˣˡ
Ҷ¸ˣʱ½̫̫һƷˣҶظϽд½̫̫½ŵ˵үүī糬˧ģ
½šꡱһЦ
½̫̫½үҲЦ
Ҷʢһ죬Ҷ޿κΣֻҶصԴ࣬˵˵
ҶҶʢֵĸٺЦһ˲ӯˣʱƳһӰһתͷ˳ҶΰЦ˲ס
лҪ˵˼ˣоʮֱǸдһģǸеǳǸΪдĹڰ񵥳һЩ⣬еѹĺܰƪģررϲСҶأһֱǰԼĽд꣬ԣԽһڣҸոһܣҵһ̬ٿʼոᣬǣôôա


56 
ҶؿҶΰͬʱҶʢҲҶΰ, ҲԼͬЦ, ֱֱҶΰ, ҶΰЦſҶʢ֡
Ҷʢһ
Ҷΰʣܿˣ
Ҷʢõ˵, ûϹ
̫ѽȥչģ̫æ, еðԾûйչ㣬, ͺͷϼ˵С¶, һ˶, ͺˡҶΰ˵ش֣Χ·߹, ˵, ˣˡ
Ҷʢ
ҶʢǻҶΰ˵Ի, Ҳû, Ҳܹȥˣúչ尡ȻҺͷϼġ
˵Ҷΰת߳Ժӡ
Ҷһͷˮ֪ʲôġ
½̫̫½үȴ֪йǰТΪ, Ȼ񲻼Ŵϸ񣬵ǶԴĸõģǻڸ
رھɽӵС򣬴ҶԴТ֮ˣﶼģҶΰһǳˡТĿҶʢӹ̵ġ
Ҷʢȴ飬ھ˵ǷǧǮ֮ǰϣȻϷͥȥ
ô鰡Ҷΰһ٣ҧгһ£ȻŤͷ˵ã֪ˡ
Ҷʢһ
Ҷΰһ뿪ˡ
ҶΰʲôҶأСʣүүôˣ
˲ˡ
ʲô˼
ǡһʱ֮䣬ҶʢҲ֪ôҶؽķף룬˵ñ˿Т˳Ҫ
Т˳
ٰ
ԭҶط߿˵α
ҶʢȵʣҶأ㻹֪α
Ҷصͷ
Ķ֪ģ
ŸҵģҶָ½˵
Ҷʢ½ʣҶصķŸ磬ĶѧĴʶ
½Żش𣺡ڵϿġȻҶʣͽ͸Ҷˡ
ҶʢЦе˵ѽŸӶѧϰ֪ʶԺѧˣ϶Ҳ״ԪҶ֮š
ҶؽŽһ䣺үүҲ״ԪҲǹҶ֮š
ԣǶǡ
Ҷؿˡ
½ҲЦˡ
½̫̫½үǷˣҶʢҶزүǲ˵ǡ۾˵û
ķǳã½ŶˣҲֺǺǵģҶΰ˶һԣ¿̽Ʒ͸Ҷʢ
һЩصӪƷҶʢģҶصģҶʢҲ֪ЩƷļֵµİװУ;϶ǰƴŲҪյֲ̽ͷҶʢͽˡ
԰½̫̫Ц˵ջͺúϢҪˣҼҳ԰ɡ
òã鷳ˣһҺҶؼ򵥳ԵˡҶʢ֡
ˡ½̫̫˵
һ˳԰ɡ
˵ķ

Ҷʢܾ½̫̫½ү½ŻָΪɣǰҶʢҶ뵽˼½̫̫½үӵ׼ˣûһʢҶ½Ͷ뵽ʳ֮УҶزкүүԣкүүҶк½ţһ߳һ˵Ÿ磬
á
Ҳóԡ
ţҲԡ
ţŸҵľ޺ó԰

ӴڳԵĽζԱߵ˲Ҷչ½ţҲ½չҶأ⡱Ӷˣ˶࣬ŽĿڸϡ
½̫̫ǰڴҽԺʿ֪չˣҶҶʢԷǰҶʢ嵭ʳ˿кҶʢԣҶʢмĲˡ
½̫̫Ҳпʹˣ׳ë
Ҷʢһ䣺ǰ
ԵúúչԼȻŮ鷳Т˳ŮãҪǲТģЩͷ̫ŷء½̫̫Ц˵
Ҷʢид˵Ů鷳ŮˣҲöӷͬصͷ
½̫̫߳Ա߸п˵ʱһ룬ϾԭһϣʲôⶼˣǼ黹Ǹ֣̬¶Ƕǲס
Ҷʢ˵ǰ
½̫̫̾Ϣһ˵˻ʱͺڰʱ򣬸˼ڶŮϣĶϡȵǳӲˣַǶǲҪǡ
ǰϸһ룬һθ鸶òӦҪҪģǶϵ⣬׹أߣẰְ裬ǳ죬֪ϴѧǳɳˣǶˣЩûôջˣɱջνİѶˡ
ûḶܾ̌Ǹǵ˼룬һ˵Ǿ˵ˡ룬ǻǾʹˣǾӦþ˼άԼڵһλ
½̫̫ΪھӼҸ쳳ܣֿҶʢижʵҲΪ˺Ҷʢ˵Ҳ˵Ϊ˾Ͳ˰
Ļ˵ľֵðԼȻٰˡ
½үӺܿһ㣬˵Ҳܶ࿼Լѽ
Ҷʢ˵ǰҲͨˣǵ˽һ㣬Ȼˡ
½̫̫ȵʣͨˣ
ҶʢЦ˵ǰҶعҾͨ㡣
ǾͺãǾͺãһҶΰѹء
ģͲˣңôҵðԼˡ
Զԣ˵öԣˮƺһ
һ
˶Ű׿ˮһ߳Ա˵һЩ򣬶ŮӡϣһءΡҲϣ˲ʱ̸
ԱߵҶ½ſˮҶҲŰ뱭֭½˵Ÿ磬Ҳɱ
½ʣɱʲô
ɱԺкööǮ
á
ɱ
ɱ

һٷһСʱǳԵıģ½үҶʢ񲻺ã׼ҶҶʢؼңҶʢժī˵û¶ģܿá
½̫̫ա
ҶػСֺ½˵Ÿ
½˵ãժˡ
ã
½̫̫ҳһŵ·ƣڰ˺ƣҶػҶʢƵģСֽץסҶʢ֣˵үүСรʯͷ
ˣүүˡ
ҶŤͷҶʢٺһЦ˵ˣΪүүǿء
ܿܿˡҶʢЦ˵ǿ·ߡ
ã·ߡ
Ƶ·£ү֣˳·ߣСʱС˵ŻȻһ󹷷һ̧ͷС·ϵҶء
ڵڻ´󻨣ҿ½̫̫ңҶѾϰߣڿĵغڣ
̱ΧҶתȦҡβͣ鼫ˣҶػλеķ˵˺öͷߣǻؼҳȥ

ߣ·ߡ
ΧŷȦȻһתͷͷɿ쳯ܣȴҶصͶιԱ֮󣬴̵ſڵϣСԺææȥСѹ·Ժϴ͵ǰһС˰װ׵СƨɣΪͷԭǣʧػ
СҶһһСһƨɣ˵ڣƨɣ
ιţҶʢʣҶأ㺰ʲô
ƨɣ
ɣƵƨǳԵˡϴ㴩·
ҶӦһԼԼϴ裬ϴ˴·ˣŴڵ꣬ȻҶʢһ俴ӣɵʱ§Ҷʢĸ첲үү
ҶʢҶʣʲô
ҶֱֱҶʢ۾˵үүܿˡ
ǰ
á
ҶʢҶصСԴʣүүʱǲˣ
ţҺүүˡ
ҪүүûϹô죿
ϹûϵģҿչүүģֻҪүүͺáүүԺҪˣòãˡ
ãүүˡҶʢЦЦϹ£µд飬׼齻ҶϼҶصģҽ˵۾ˣ͵͵ؽѹףκ˿
ԺүүҪġ
ţүүὡģҶҲҪġ
á
˯ɡ
Ҷʢ§ҶأҶصգһҲڿ԰ȵ˯һһڶϣ˳½ţү֮ʰһҶʢҶһɽժˡ
ȻҶʢ۾ˣڣñǿ⣬صΪҶʢɽϻժˣҪĶ˳ժ֮ĸһгˣҶʢҶ½˳ˣȥгһȦ
ȵʱҶʢһոµֳֳװʵļʳȵȣﵽҶǰʱҶؾȵŴֳۣͣ
ֳҶؼ˵ÿģҶʢ˵ҶҪֳһֱģЦ˵ţµģ
Ҷظֺߵ˵ллүү
һԵ˳˵Ҷϸ磬СҶصգ
ҶʢЦ˵ǰһԷɡ
Ҷû׼ϰ첻ڼңСڼҡ
һϲӲǺҶһһ氡
˳ԥһµͷ˵á
Ǿô˵ˡ
˵ˣ
صҺҶؿָ˵ĲУһѴڱϣһֱʹ˵ڣظɣ
ڣ
ɣ



ҶһֱΧֱֳ緹ҶʢջҶʢ򵥵ˣͷ֮󣬿ʼΪ׼ʱīȥ½̫̫һˡ
½̫̫һ˹ʱҶشһոµĶͯͼ飬ǰ֪Ҷպ½үȥģ½̫̫½үӵ½Լ׼һСҶڹͣվҶʢʱҶ˵ÿ
½Ž½үӴȥģЩСѧĸߵˣʱ˳ӴССҲˡ
СӺҶ½ͬΪ꣬·ƤȻҶ½ź˲٣ǳҲǰһĺÿ׳ʵ˳һ㶼˳ЦǺǵ˵Сӳ裬ԺÿҺóòȻûˣҶʢ˹Ц
˳ӺСҲǿģ߳ҶأҶؿԼͻȻôˣ赸һõЦݣ˵ѽҺҸҶϲѽ
˶ҶصЦȾˣӯҸС
½ҲЦˡ
СҲҶСеɰڴ˵Ĺ£յҶ½ŸǰҶ½һ𣬿½ϰԾǧ֮⣬Сӡ
СӾͿҶأҶʮ˵ѽС磬ҽҶأҷŸ磬½ţŸһ˽еร㲻ܽеมʲô֣
СЦ˵ҽСӡ
СҶ۾ʣС𣿡
ҲСҴССӣҶСӵġСӴ󷽷˵ԺҲԽСӣСӵģүү˵ġ
ۣ㶮öడҶֱܷϵŵ㣬ʣСӣѧ𣿡
ˣұҵˡ
㶼ҵˣ
ţ׶԰ҵˡѧһ꼶ˡ
ۣѧҺͷŸҲһ꼶ˣʱǾһѧ˰
š
̫ˣҶظ˵س½˵Ÿ磬ֶһС顣
½ŲϴŲãӸղſʼʹŲã˿̽ƫһԣҶˡ
ҶҲϰ½ŵĲûע½ŵı飬½Сһڵӻǰӣϣ½Ű˦
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣գ۾½ţŸôأ벻ףүү溰Ҷأˮʳ԰Ҫܴܰ
ҶشʣˮʳĶأ
үүүүϴƻð
ãȥá
ҶظϽܳ䣬үүݹʳˮ˵ؽ䣬ȸСһʳһСƻȻָ½ʳһƻ
½ŽӹԼĴƻٿССƻƻ󣬲ɵ죬Ǿˣ֪Ҷϲƻ㽫ԼĴƻҶأȻӹҶСƻ
Ҷ۾


57 
½˵Եġ
ҶؿĴƻ, ٿ½Сƻ, Ȼ˵˵Ÿ磬ǰѴƻҳ˰
½ŵͷ
Ÿ磬̫ˡ
, ԰ɡ
ллŸ硣
Ҷصͷͳƻҧһڣֶ֭Ҷϲζ, ΢΢С, һҸЦ˵ۣúó԰
½űҶصӶЦ
Сһɻ, ôóͷԼСƻҧһڣǱƽʱԵƻˣ˵ĺúóԡ
˸, Ҷ£Ťͷȷϣǰɣ
Сͷš
үүģүүĶġ
үү
, ҪƻԸɾม
˲ܳԡ
Ժˡ
š
һԵ½ſҶСһۣرɣܶ, ͷƻ, ҲСƻƽʱԵĺóԡ
ӽζسƻŵӣûһҶص, һַͯ飬һ֒Ҷʢĵӻһֿţʹڣڼӵ˵ϣҶغСӣߴߴͣ
һĦ˵ҶؽգǣҪҶظһ㡣½СӱϲҶأˬشӦ˴ǣҹĻ֮ʱԺű졣
ҶʢϽӳԺţһ󵰸ԺӣҶһ̧ۿˣʣүүʲô
Ҷʢ˵յ⡣
ҵ𣿡
ġ
ô󰡡Ҷظ˵رҶʢǰĿתضŴ󵰸⡣
רڵ궩ĴģСһԵġ
á
ȥɣүүȥˡ
ҰүүҶϰԵذҶʢɻ
ǽ첻һҶصգҶʢ˵ɻգøɻúˡ
үү𣿡
½ǶڰүүæúɣһˣԷյ⡣
Ǻðɡ
Ҷʢŵ˳
Ҷ룬Ҳſڣ½½үүүүǶæţҪͯղͣһõաϴȰЦݺƣһر̲סſſ϶ĸ˿
½̷˵СҶأˣ
Ҷҡͷ
ſſϸﰡ
ҾͿ
½Цˣ˵Ҫżһˣһرóԡ
š
ȥɡ
á
Ҷ̵뿪ſڣ½СԺӺʹ棬ǵӰӺʹڵӰһֿһһ𣬿ܺ档
ҶͻȻ뵽ǰȥгˣһЩС̫棬ӰϷܵ½СӸǰ˵Ÿ磬СӣӰϷɡ
Сʣô棿
˭ӰӰݶﰡ
֪С̰˫˵һӣ㿴
Ժڵƹã̳һĸӣҶظ˵һְ缦
һְ繷
һӡ
һݡ
ҶؿһԿŵ½ţ˵Ÿ磬Ҳ
½˵Ҳᡣ
ҽ㰡Ҷذ½߶ţ½ŵָͷȻָŵϵӰ˵Ÿ磬ǲǾǷĸˣ
š
ŪǴڵͷˡ
š
ŪǼˡһԵСҲչ˵
Ӷڵ£һƬյϣŬڳֶͣʱֵĶԣʱֵĲԣȫӿġ
ССԺߴߴϣֱҶʢˣҶظϽк½Сϴ֣ݴǰķˣ⵰в˵ÿ۾ͬʱˣ첻ܹЩܹȹ֭֡
ҶغҶʢһ½̫̫˱ʾ˸л֮˿ӾͿʼԣ½̫̫˵ٳԵٳԵ㣬һҪԵء
Ҷ˵ûйϵģҳԹԺ󣬻ܳԺöˮ͵ġ
½̫̫˹Ц
Ҷؼԡ
½̫̫ºǳ̫ˣоǳԸʱ򣬱㳷˷ˣѵҶʢ߸СһһݵĵƸˣһҶسտָ衣
ҶؿŵҡҷС⣬ϡҶտ֡һ̧֣ͷΧߴңô󣬵һιôֵգϲ֣ҪҲھͺˡ
ҶأԸСӴߴ٣ܳԵˡ
Ҷ˫ֺʮ۾˵ҵԸúõģүүúõģǴҶúõģúõһһӡ
˵Ҷ۾򣬵Ƹ
½̫̫ѵӵݸҶʢҶʢҶһе⣬Ҷһ͸ҳԣ͵СӸǰʱС˵ҶأԸʱ˵˵Ļ͡
СӵĻû˵꣬ﱻ˰ŲݮҶͬʱŤͷոջֵ½š
СӰڳ˲ݮʣ½ţʲô
½˵Ҫ˵žͻġ
С˵Ǻðɡ
ҶûҶʢҶسԵ⣬Ҷؾ𵰸ζһֱڿǻ˯ǰˢˣҶڴϣ̲סС߿ϵ̺ӣĵ˵ۣ𰡣
ҶʢŤͷһۣ˵̺ӸǺá
ȡ
ңһͲȣСĶˡ
е˶СӶһҶֻðָ̺ϣȻſҶʢĴ˵үүҵյ𰡣
𡣡
ҺͷŸСӳ˺öء
ҿˡ
ţүү˰
ǰֳһꡣ
ţٹ£Ҿѧˡ
԰
Ȼͻˡ
ҶʢҶһۣĬĬ˵˯ɣϻҪء
Ҷת˵үүҲȥ𣿡
š
ҽ˵㲻ܸػͿҸɻ
ã˯ɡ
š
ҶԼСϡ
ҶʢҶظǺñӣҶر۾Ƹˣڴϣתͷһ۴ͷĵ绰˺һ绰ͻȻˣΪҶأϽȥӣιλ
֡˶һ
Ҷ裿
ţС˯𣿡
˯Ҫӵ绰𣿡
˯ɣա
Ҹ򵰸ףˣܿġ
лл֡
ôڲŽӵ绰
ѧϰϰּӰ࣬ڲ°ࡣ˶εұģһûʱ䡣
ôôࣿ
ҡҵ׬Ǯ
ҶʢĬĬ˵Ҷ裬ε¶֪ɣ
֪
ţ֪ͺãǺζԲ㣬ΪҶظҲˣͻСŶʮ꣬Ÿոտʼķſ㣬˾ԵܱԼ۰ӲһҪʱʱңȵӳˣˣҲ㣬Һӳˣڸĸ飬ǸҪĸĽǮ֧ԣԼĺãȻҶء
ҶʢƽӣȴһرҶڱ˶᣺֡
绰ҲҶؽߵġ
š
ҶҾˣһһ죬ˣϣһ죬ûмͥ㶼б°Ҷؽӹȥ֪𣿡
֣лл㡣
лҸʲôҶӺ㰡
ҲԼٲ¡
˲˵ˣעϢ
Ҳǡ
ϵ绰Ҷʢڴ̾ϢһɵУҶ߿˿ҶСƬ֮¿źķٴ̾Ϣһ۾˯С
ڶҶʢīʼߣʱ򣬲Լſڵ½˳ӣСӡ
ЦʣСôˣ
С˵ժ˵ġ
˳ӽ˵˵Ҷغ춼ɽϰæͳҪСҶŶӦܰϵæԾʹҶϸ磬㿴
ðððϲɻСӺðҶһ𣬿ɱ۰ҶʢЦ˵
СӵͷҲ۵ģ
ҶʢЦˡ
һ½ſСһۣ߽ԺӺҶ𴲣Ҷ󣬾ͺҶʢһɽժˣСӾǲһǵĹЧʴ˻ʱ䶼ǰ硣
һңĵ绰ˣҶȥӣ˵СʱҶشӷʱ˻ˣ˵үүҴ绰ˣ
𣿡ҶʢЦ
ţ˵ö໰
˵ʲôˣ
ҺúðүүҿֵġҶصСЦ̫ˡ
İ
šҶصصͷϵЦһҲûмˡ
ҶʢЦЦ˵㿪ĵġ
ţҺÿģҴ绰ˣҪȥͷŸ˵
ȥɡҶʢе˸еůû뵽Լ˿ûТĶӣȻôһҶأĽο
Ҷؽ˵үүھȥ
ȥ
ҶСӣɿس½̫̫ܣܵ½̫̫Ҿ͸½̫̫½үӻ½ţһ춼ùͷҶʢЦá
Ҷظ˵ǣһںִ绰ԼĵľҪˣҪϢ½š
ҶʢסҶ˵ģ̫ȣͱˡ
ҶذС۾ֱӵ̫ҶʢĻûȥ½ţûһ½ҶˣСҲˡ
ӱദһڵദѾʱشһţ½һӣҶ󻬼ڣ˻ܹһ
ҶʢҶسȥģǿ½СӶˣֻ˶ΣҶ˵ˣҶرոµֳҶѧ
Ҷʢر𽻴˵עⰲȫ
Ҷ˵֪ˡ
½Ҳͷ˵һ䣺Ҷүүһסӵġ
Ҷʢͷǰ½⺢һ춼˵һ仰Ҳ֪⺢ʲôԸԴ⺢Ӳ֮Խ⺢ӱһ㺢侲أȻҶһʱֲʧ
ҶʢҲͲҶˡ
Ҷ½СӵİѧֳͬʱҲѧгСˣҶ½ź磬پڡլǿʼھɽ򵽴ܡ
ȣӶ˶¶̿㣬ȥժˣϾھɽĴСˣһֱ浽ڣۿɼٶȱڣرСӣͺڶɺ̿ˡ
ҶԼĶӣֱ۾ɫ˵Ҳˡ
½һ
Ҷƿ½ŵӣҲɫ
½˵Ҳˡ
С˵ûϵͰ׻ˣÿ궬춼׻
½Žһ䣺Ҳûס
СӿҶء
Ҷ˵Ÿ˵Ķԣʶʱͺúˣײ˵ġ
˵С˵ͻš
Ҷ˵ҲǰŸ磬㱾ͺڡ
Ҷס
ס
Ҷ׵ģ㶼ûмҶӣǰŵġСӷ߷߲ƽ
ҶĽͣҰŷŸ磬ΪŸ˵Ķԡ
˵ʲô㶼öԣ
Ÿ籾˵ľǶԵģ

СӺҶذ졣
½ŲСӣҶؾߡ
СʣȥĶ
½˵ˣؼȥˡ
ǣҲؼˡ
Ҷػͷ֣Сټ
ãҶأ㡣
á
ոջͣˣСӷֱֺ֮½ŷֱҶظϽܻԼļңһžͿԺǮҶʢ
үүҶش󺰡
ɫѰҶʢīѾȥ̧ۿҶأ۾Цˣˡ
ţҺͷŸСȥģǱпڿݾǻȥˡ
Ƥ
ٺ١Ҷض׵ҶʢǰϵǮʣүүֹ𣿡
š
˺öࣿ
ǰҶʢǮ˵׬ôء
ۣöడ
ǰöࡣ
ҶʢûԼ׬ôǮ˵Ҳ֣һֱԼֲԼԵģǴû߲˶î㾢سһȱ˻ũҩģҪãƹϷϹЩһֲ磬ϲˣ벻üǮѡ
ˣЩ߲ôͳôأѵΪҶأɻؿҶء
Ҷʣүү㿴Ҹ
Ҷʢ˵ǰֵ߲˶һ㣬ôôأ
ΪҰ
㣿
԰Ϊ߲˶ϲҰԾƴߵ㳤㳤㣬ööǮǮܹˡ
Ϊʲôϲ㰡
ΪɽӪḻɽ㿴μǡöʨӾ׹ǾҾɽ

߲˿϶ʶңҵңԳĺܺá
ۣҶʢǿЦãӵǮ䣬Ǯӵ£ߺ죬ûҶ˵ʲô
ҶƺԼԶҶʢ˵鲢ï˵ɽģһ˾ɽȻˣ˵ѽɽˣССߵɽˣɽ˲ҪɱСģСһúóɽġִֺ죬һˣľ밡һҪҪ죬Ҫɽ˿ҡһ̫ͽɽˣˣƹˣήˡ
ҶʢûüЦ
ſڴꡱһҶʢҶŤͷһ½š
Ÿ硣Ҷ̸˵غ
š
ôѽ


58 
½ʳС
Ҷ۾һ, ֪ʣʲô
½Żش𣺡ǴŹǺ㡣
ҺүүԵ𣿡
š
ۣҺүүϲǴŹǺˣŸ磬̫ˣлл㡣ҶػûгԵʳѾһҸˡ
½죬֪Ҷϲ, үү͸Ҷس, үүȻӦ, ʳиҶ߽ԺӣҶʢл
ҶѾӹʳС
ҶʢʣҶأھͳ𣿡
Ҷصͷ
ЩܳԱ𣿡
ܡҶسʵش
үү˼, òã
, Ұүүջ𡣡
㲻Ҫ𣿡
Ұүүջ𡣡
СҶʢ½˵ţҲүү԰ɣүүļرóԡ
ԡҶؽӹ˵үүߦ, гФģرó, Ÿ, һ԰ɣòã
½ŵͷ
Ҷظ˵Ĳ, ǰͿʼջ, һ, ˼, Ҷʢʢ, ˵ԺС, ȻˣӨԲĺɰټϴֹԺڴƵ£ָ˵ɫ
Է˳ԷˣҶ˫һƿףٵܵСǰָүүŸһһ˫˵һԷɡ
ţԷҶʢк½š
½ŵͷӹӣҶʱҶһſӣһץ㣬Ѿڴڳˬÿ˿һ۶öˣ½Ż˹˹ĵؿŹǣʱҶһۣЦЦ
ոճ꣬½үӹ½ţҶǰ˵½үүллŹǺ㣬úóԵġ
Ҷس½үĴָ
½үӹЦ˵СҶϲԣ½үү´λòã
áҶؿĵЦЦͻȻʲôʣ½үүϲ𣿡
ϲ
Һүүֵˣ͸԰
ðð
ܺáҶҲģڶϣҶҶʢ߲ˣٴɽϣһ۾Ϳ͵һԲĻƤϡ
ҶȥСĹĳҹе֣̻ͷүүˡ
ô֪
Ϊɽˣϸ˵ˣҶٴ鲢ï˵˵ɽ˰СˣҰɡҾ֪ѽ
氮ݣҶʢûа취ЦЦҲ˳Ҷݣ˵Ҫһɽ˷
š
Ҷʢȥָָùõָڹϻһۼͽһһ˳ָѿһ϶¶ȿ
ۣҶؾ̾һүүɰƺ
ԣүүɰƣҶʢץϣһһΪʣүүʲô򣿡
׹צҶغɵػش
аɣҶʢҶܹһءμǡӢ۴ǡԼͯµĴգ˵ҶؾôĶܼסҿԾһмܲסöرġ
ʹˣر֣Ҷһ˿Գһ̨ϷҶʢ˵ٴһͲô˵ϧڰ˵Ҷأ꣬ȿһ꣬ݸҶأ
Ҷؽӹҧһڣζӯǻ絽С촽ϣϽһڣ˵𰡣
ҶʢҲҧһڣţ𡣡
úóԡ
ҶʢǺЦ
үϵͷͷͰһϸ˴룬վҶԱ߿Ƥ
ҶӸƤڣһϣڹƤйȿ̧СʱմѣҶʢ˵ԣСǰꡣ
á
һүһСϳԵĸɸɾʯͷϣųĵ磬ɽУƣһ⡣
ҶʢɣҶظоһжãвסûһҶʢЪţȥժϣժһһժͷ󺹣תͷҶʢ˵үүϺժ
ܷɡ
ţҶ޶үүҲ޶ġôأ̫ѽˣүүֳϲмüüʡѽѽүүȥüȥ
Ҷʢ˵Ҷһ˰תϸˣҶʢҶʢżѡԵؼ٣Ҷһһسֳϱ
ʮӺɽµֳĳװˣҶ˵үүװˡ
ãǾͲժˡ
ҶʢֻϣҶɽֻװһ̧ͷҶѾֳ˵үүںţֳ
ö𣿡
öֳãҶؾ½źСӵİѧֳ½źСϵơ
У㡣
ã֪
Ҷ˫ַųѣ˫վڳϣһᣬȫҽϣݵҳϣҳӴӣֵĺꤣֳ漴ǰʻ
Ҷ˫ŵĽȶʻʻ٣ɾɽʻϴ·
ҶʢںչţҶأ㣬䡣
ţ֪ˣүүҲ㰡·
֪ˡ
үһǰֳһںֳֳװϣĹע׷׺Ҷʢк̾ҶʢҶؾȻֵĳϡ
м䲻ˣҲɽûֲôװתһ룬ضҶҶʢү˽Ŭģү̤ʵŬҶҶʢɵ֮⡣
رǶҶأҶɽҲһˣΪҶε¶Ҷ΢ʣЩ˿⽻ԼҺӣҶ
վüģôЩҶطǵ¶ҲԹҶʢԹֲժˣûнййۣÿֵģ½̫̫ҵĴ½Ÿˣ⺢Ӷѵð
Щڲ֪УҶضϲ֮飬ҶصĿҲûжº͡Ҷһ򲻹ЩֳС˵ﵽԺڡ
Ҷʢסֳ˵ϴϴ
Ҷϴ֮ʣүүȥ𣿡
ȥһүү绰Сӹʱ򣬰ǼҵֳҲϣһϣһֳ߲ˣһȥ
Ǿ˫ǮҶغܻץؼ㡣
ҶʢЦ˵԰
̫ˣǮˣǾʹ
СҶؿֳϣ˵үүŸһϳԺòã
ð
Ҷ̿ĵرһ˵Ҹȥ
Ҷʢͷ
Ҷ̧ͳԺߣһ̧ͷԺӿ߸ھӣһʣүǣʲôѽ
ϡһ˵
ϣҶûлɣŤͷͺүүүҪǵϡ
Ҷʢ̧߹ˣæкΪǿЦû뵽ϵģҶʢȥгˣѾǸͷȻҪϣôɡ
ΪھӷϵƷʣҶʢһϣƤȿ죬ôҳһھǣ֣߸˰ֳ϶ˣһھӶҶػϡ
Ҷر˵ǸŸġ
Ҷʢ˵磬Ÿɽժ˳ȥɡ
Ҷ룬Ǯǰѻ˲ˣֳȫˣҶʢҶǮ
ҶһЦ˵үүߣȥдǮȥ
ãȥдǮȥ
ߡҶ˵
˵߾ߣүŴۣһǮ͵ϵУǮˣҶʢīŴϵַЦҶҶʢ֣С˵үүҿҿжǮˡ
Ҷ֪Ǯ¶˵ܴ˵ˣǻᱻٵģǶСġ
ҶʢҶضЦˣѾв棬ڼˣҶģҲɰˣЦŰѴ۵ݸҶأҶطǳؿ·һ֣СֵŴСǰ㣺һ㣬㣬㣬ĸ㣬үүĸ㣡
Ҷʢͷ
ҶСָ˵ʮ١ǧүүһǮˣ
Ҷʢָǰֿһ𣿡
ǡҶЦ˵
ҶʢЦ˵ԾͲһ򰡡滹ֻǧǮ
ۣҶؾȵŴͣСͣ˵үү̫Ǯ˰̫Ǯ˰ÿİ
ҶؿɰӣҶʢЦˡ
ҶؿĵҪתȦȦˡ
ҶʢҶصСԴ˵°ѧѧѶ׼ˣүүҲĶˡ
үү׼ġҶ˵һ飺ҵġ
ģүүүүġ
ǺðɣԼСҲкܶǮأˣҪ
С
ҶؿŷɫСǮޣͻȻ뵽½ţϽ˵үүҳϣûкͷŸ˵أҪŸһɽϡ
ȥɡ
Ҷȴû
Ҷʢʣôȥ
ҶؿСָߴ˵ҪǷŸ½ǼҳԷҾǼҳԷม
ǴŹˣ
Ҷز˼Ӧһš
Ա˵Ĳãүүԣòã
ãҶ̸˵شӦߡ
ܵ½̫̫У½Ÿ˵ϵʱʱ½ųɽߣŵɽŴСӾܹˣҶСӸһԼϵ¶ӱ˵ߴŴɽߡ
ɽϺҶѡһϣѧҶʢӣսСȭͷϣûƣȴˡ
½ҲΣ˿
СҲ޿κε˵ûôϰ
а취Ҷرϣʯͷһˤžһһˤ꣬Ҷظ˵˵ˣԳˡ
Сӣ
½ţ
һӺСӱϰиͣҶһ½˵Ÿ磬԰ģ㿴ƤǸɾģŸ磬԰԰
½ǿܵģҶʵ̫ˣҲûоܾҶصϰߣӹͳˣҧһڣͱϵˣҶСΧһ𣬿ҶغСӼϳԣȻмϵϳԣǳҶشӵϼϡ
Ÿ磬ǸɾġҶֽƤĨɾˣǳظ½š
š½Ӧһֽӹ
Ÿ磬Ҳԡ
š
Ÿ磬ٳԣġ
š
һԵСӲ˵Ҷأôϸųԣҳԡ
Ҷ˵Լ񰡡
Ҳ񰡡
ô죬ŸĻ񲻹㰡
СԶԡ
Ҷذ󼸿ֳݣһһݣԹ֮ɽһ֮ԱߵĴʯͷϣ͸ïܵҶεպͰװ׵Ʋʣ˵һЩޱ߼ʵĻ⣬ɽºǵ
Ҷʣְ
С˵Ϊѽ
ٶð
ö찡
Сӣ֪Ƕ𣿡
һ죡
汿ҶһƳСһۡ
СӲʣǶ죿
ʮ죡
ô֪ģ
Ҵѽ
ƨ
ƨҾʹҷŸ磬Ÿ磬Ҵɣ
š½Ӧһ
Ҷõһ˵𣿷Ÿ˵Ҵ
С˵ѧˣ֪Լˣһ꼶֪ʶˣ
ѣϲѧүү趼ҴѧˣһţҾȥѧˡҶضѧڴ
Ҳѧˡ
һѧ
š
ʱͻˣһ£ͻˡҶĿ⴩Ҷ϶һĨƣ˵裬Сӣ𣿡
С˵룬ÿڶѽÿζ߶߶ģңֻˡ
ҶزС˵ˣʯͷϣתͷߵ½ţʣŸ磬𣿡
½ǰмƲסԼʱ򣬶԰ְ趼ǿܵģڲˣԸ绰ˣ֪ĸӱܣʲôİܾúܾûмˡ
֮˵롣
Ҷظ˵һ䣺Ҳ룬衣
½Ÿ˵һ䣺ţ衣
ӻɽºȻһŮ˵ĺţţ
ҶСû˭
½ȴͻȻ


59 
ҶСӸѭɽ̽, ʱ½Ѿվ, ɽ£ɽ³½֮⣬һŮˡ
Ů˴ǳɫȹ, β, β΢, ȥƯл
С̲ס˵, Ư
Ҷʣ˭
С˵Ҳ֪
ҶʣŸ, ˭
½Щ㱡
Ůֺţ
Ҷһ½ţŸ磬ں, ôӦѽ
½Żû
ŮҲû½ɽſ½˵, ˣô
裿
ҶСӶˣУ½Ǹ࣬żĴڣôӦáӦáгӵ, һߺ, ϴ, ôҲû뵽ôôÿôϸ, Ǻ½Ŵһ, Ѿ½ŵӢ˹֪ʶ档
˿̲Ŷ½ŵ壬Ȼ½ŵ֮СӴյҶض˵ų衣
Ҷصͷ
ɽûϣԹ½̫̫Ƭ̺ߵߣҶСʮòغ½̫̫кһЦҶض˽̸䣬㿴½š
½Žƫһԣͷϵ֦
Ц߹ȥ½ŵ˵ʶ𣿡
½ʱЩ¶ӷƢ֮࣬û뵽ԹԵţϲ÷̲סͰ½§뻳΢΢ͷ°͵½ŵͷ
һŷſʣʶ𣿡
½ŵͷ
忪ĵЦˣ½ŵ˵ߣɽòã
½ŵͷ
½ŵС֣½ųɽ£ʱ½ע£һֱɽ£ŷɾ裬תҶأʣҶأ˵Ҳˣ
Ҷصͷ˵ţʮˡ
ǱС°
ţҺŷŸġ
Цˣ½̫̫֪ҶӣҲ֪½ܹȬȫҶصĹͣҶؾĴмڿҶҲϲص½̫̫ҺͰҶصг͵Ҷʢǰ
Ҷʢһ˵ǣ
½̫̫˵Ҷص
ҶʢȻʲôƷƲƷƵģǿǰгʸУҲֵ֪ƣԸգ½̫̫ҪҶأΪʵǸлҶҶʢġ
Ǯģ½̫̫Ƕ֪Ҷʢ϶Ҫʾ֭ͯʲôģͷɻȵȣ½̫̫֪ҶҪֳΪҶϲģ˶ͯгﵽʮꡣ
Ҷʢõ̫ˣ˵˵ƴǲǾʮָлؽˣЩʲôƷ֮࣬ͳͳҪ½ֻ̫̫ùջҶʢ
ҶʢҶذ͵Ժſڣ½ŵֳ½̫̫УҶĽˣ̲סˣҲ·
һС˵үүҲúÿġ
Ҷʢͷ˵ţҼġ
Ҷز˵ˣֱֱضŹ½ſ⺢ӶԱ˵ĽҶصԴ˵ߣȥӳȥڶġ
Ҷصעһ±ҶʢصͷתҶʢڵʱӰˣү֮ʰϴһڷ￴СʱĵӣһڴϿ顣
ҶȴЩĲɡ
Ҷʢʣôˣ
Ҷسʵ˵´绰ҾʲôҸ׼ϣűš
ҶʢЦ˵á
ҶĲɵԭ򣬵õҶʢͬҶ˼ҲˣºҶʢ
ڶһ磬ҶҶʢΪ½Ųժˣû뵽ǿ½š
ҶʣŸ磬㲻𣿡
½˵軹˯
ˣ㰡
ժò˾ͻȥ½˵үүժ˵ġ
Ǻðɣժ㡣
š
ֵ˾ɽϣɽ֮ʱҶʢ½һϣ½űȥԣ죬½ŶժˣûǰʱʱҶСһ𣬴󲿷ֵʱ仹ˡ
ҶǺҶʢˣֹ죬ҪˣרŹҶҶʢү½ҵˣѹ͵·ϡ
վڳǰ½̫̫½ү˵֣裬ˣԼҲҪע塣
ˣǹ廹ǺӵүүΪְ裬һϰߣһǣҲһأŰֳ컹λ˶û˵ģԸ⺰ְ裬ҲԸǺá
½̫̫˵Ҳǣ㣬ͷİɡ
һο½š
½ŵͷ˵
ߵ½Ÿǰ½ŵ˵ӣʱ䣬㡣
½šáһ
ӣڽɳ迪ġ½ŵĶͷ˵谮㡣
֮½Щ˼ƫһԡ
嵹Цˣ½ŵļ˵ˡ
½ŵͷ
Ϣϵ绰ϵ
š
ϳҡ³ֺʹҸ𣬽ŷ뿪
ųԽԽԶո䲻ˣ½̫̫ǳ̾ϢһȻ½źҶɣ½үҶʢ˵䣬Ҳͻؼˡ
Ҷ½Ҷʢ䣬ԽԽˣ˶ѾյˣҶʢҪķӿžɽïܵľһܸо
Ҷʢ½ѹһϣԺӵĴ³ԣҶؿţҶʢתͷ½ţ½Ŷϰ
Ҷʢš
½̧Ҷʢ
Ҷʢʣǲ᲻谡
½ŵͷ
ûϵģʱ軹ġϰɣԵĽģͷ迴Ҳ˵ġ
½ŵͷͷϡ
ҶسԵСˮͻģͷһ֮˵үүҳԵĽģ迴Ҳ˵ġ
ԡ
ҶһЦˡ
Ҷʢ̲סҶصԴ½ţӾƣв׵İְ֣үүԵǣҶػţ½ųҶؿʣ½ŰԼ
һжǹȥˣ½źһ㺢ɣԣ׼ȷ˵һ㺢ӶҶҲǣҶʢоʮοҲ½ŵԴ
½죬û˵
Ҷȴ֪½Цˣղĸգ۵ز˵ɶֿʼߴߴ˵
ҶأԶ˵СҭšҶʢѡ
ҶŲ˵ϣѹƤʰһ£½ɽ俴ļɵļڣ˸ϾɽСӾˣҶ½һһɽµĿյϳԱ
Сʣţˣ
Ҷػش𣺡ˡ
裬û衣
Ÿ裬ҺͷŸֵܣǲǣŸ磿
½ŵͷš
СӣҶˣҶʱ治Ҫġ
ҶĨһ¶ͷǰ̫˵ѽ̫ô󰡣Ȱ
С˵ѽ
ţүү˵óġ
ٳҲȥġ
Ҷһڱ˾죬˾Ƕ죬˾Ǵ죬ȻҾͳˡ
С˵㲻᳤ôģóʮģܳ󡣡
òôõģ
õˣңѧߵģĻˡ
׶԰ҵˡ
ǰŶûбҵѽ׶԰඼ûϹСһ׶԰ҵУҶغ½š
Ҷأ
½ţ
С˵ġ
Ҷؼ˵ÿġ

졣

졣
ҶССͨ죬ߣɢ½ͷ˸У̧ͷƣ뵽⼸飬ĸһůͷ˸һֻůů⣬Ӷֵüס飬ÿˣΪô۰ġ
Ÿ硣ҶͻȻһ½ţ˵ǿ컹
½һ
Ÿ磬˵ǿ컹
½ŷʣ˵컹
˵ǿ졣
Ǿǿ졣½˿ԥػش
ҶŤͷͶС˵ҷŸ綼˵졣
ĺ͸źСһվ˵һǿ׳
վҶʡ
һؼȥСӲ˵˵
ˣ
š
Ҳˡ
һؼˣ
СˣΪôС¶ˣҶط·Ҳˣƫһԣ½ſѾ˵СӣٿҶأȻ˵ҶأǻؼҰɣ
á
һңֿСӣСڰҶʢĳˮ㣬ҶػˣҲûеǸҲûһСҲؼҵ¶ֱ˳ӵĵ绰СӻؼҳԷ
СŻؼҳԷ극Ҷ½ţÿ춼һȻȤ޾ģ񣬱֪ˣɽ㣬ϯͻȻıȵȣȤ
Ҷ˳˰Ҷʢֲժ⣬ÿ춼Щ򽻵ÿ춼ģֵһعȥȵʱ
ɽļҼһѶ·ӷ̫汩ɹһҲȣڹ·Ӽ䴩ĴߺϣҶʢ
Ҷز걻ˣСƨɣСһſԺ½ŷŴ󾵣̫һֽһҲš
СʣֽŻ𣿡
ҶؼᶨƵ˵Ÿ˵ܾܡ
̫˿ͨ죬ͷðǻȻ۾ضֽϵ㿴Ҳȥ
ҶʢȥˣҶذ
ҶĲɵӦһš
ȲȰ
ȡ
㶼ˡ
Ҳȡ
Ҷʢ߹ʣ𣿡
ûС
ǾͱŪˣ䴵ȣСˡ
һŻˣҶͻȻָŵϵֽ˵үү㿴㿴
ҶʢȥոֽϵѾðˣȻ֪Ŵ󾵾͹͸͹͸о۹ȵã֪Ҷӵһ֪ɹĵĲˣǿ۾Ϲˡ
֮󣬲ͣر۾˺һҶʢ˵Σԣӱ㲻Ŵ󾵾۹⣬תġ
ҲǺֵܿģȫӰ죬ھ뿪ѧаµʱûмɹȥǹעѧ¶
ǿʼ׼ѧϰľˣҶʱյ½͵ͲˣҪǦʡľߺСƤǦʵȵȣûѧˣӶе˷ܡ
˷֮࣬ҶؾͿʼ裬Ϊ˵ѧǰģ绰ʱҶѯʲôʱҶش𰸣ȴǸģĴ𰸡죬ͻȥ
죬һأҶز֪⿪ģÿһ۾뵽ͻүү֮󣬱㵽ͣվˣߵ裬ÿζ½Сӳͣվ
С˵ôﰡﶼûкġ
Ҷ룬˵ǿʯͷϰ
ĶʯͷҪ
ʯͷȽϻ
ɽϵĸ
ǡǡҵõ谡趼þûйˣһǵүүĶҲôأ
Сһû˵ˡ
½˵Ҷأȡ
СӿһҶصӣԼղŵĻеˣһ£Ȼ˵ҶأҲȣʯͷıȽϻǾ档
Ҷؿ½ſСӣȻЦˣЦ¶װ׵ݣֺÿ½СӲһʯͷϣʻһޱ߼ʵŹӳ۵̥ٴӳ̥۵˿۵磬۵
̫׹ƽʱҶʢʷ𣺡Ҷأؼˡ
á
ҶһԶС½ϼһһƽʱˮ۵ϣʱɰ
С˵ûл
½˵ȡ
Ҷ˵Ÿ磬лл㡣
Сӽһ䣺һҡ
ҶЦ˵СҲлл㡣
ϳϡСѧƬĴӣҶرȭ
Ҷرȭ֮
½ţ
ʱһꡱɲͬʱͣ²ӣͷȥ


60 
ͣ, Ŵ, ˿³, ֱһ˿ҶЩʧתͷСʣ𣿡
Ҷ˵ûС
Ȱɡ
š
ҶظС½һؼ, ڶҶؼͣվȴҲ, 컹ǡʱС½Ż, ʱһ, һ˵ʱʯͷ, ؿ, й, ȥ쿴, ûп裬ʯͷ, ȴ, ȵ̫ɽ
һͣվȴһ뿪, û裬ߣ̫ؼˣҲûؼˣؼҰүү
תͷ·Ͽ˿, ûйˣСԴ˵һڣǻؼҡŽµСʯӣһֽһ£һ£ǰСʯߵ˼ҡ
үү
ҶʢڸţιˮͷҶʣû
ûС
ǲ˵϶ģ㲻Ҳ
Ҫ·أ
ô·أ
ͻ·Ҷ˵ʱԺġ
ҶʢЦˣžϲһˣͻ̲סҪչһ˰ɣ˵У衣
Ҷصͷ
ڶ磬ģ½СҶأҶһڹͣվȴһСʱûеȵҶ裬ΧһֻϷϷΧһ¶ҶʢǶûע⵽ҶʢȺҶء
ҶӦ̧ͷүүʲôȥѽ
ȥгûֵġɽµ߲˸Ҷʢ׬˲ǮҶʢúþӪҪղˣҪʱֲˡ
Ҷ˵Һһȥ
ãûԶȥ˾ͻˣӣɡ
Ǻðɣүүע⿴·ม
š
ҶʢȥгһȦ֣ʱҶǻҶʢʯͷϣͳʮǮҶȥԱ߳ҶĸʣµǮҶʢȻʯͷϿСϷ
ҶʢʣʲôϷأ
Ҷػش𣺡˵ģ
˵ģ
ţˣҡҶһڱҶʢһ䣬ҶʢҲûͿӶֻһ˵ұߣ򣬻ԱЦſš
ıˣҶʢɫģѾʼ磬ܵҶεĻ죬޼ҶֽƬ
ҶҲܵ磬ͬʱ̧ͷ⣬һĵ˵ۣѽ
šҶʢ˵ҪˣǻؼҰɡ
СӦ
½ſҶء
Ҷػ裬Ըߡ
߰С˵㲻߾ˡ
Ҷʢ˵߰ɣһˣ˵迴ˣ͹
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ҶؿҶʢʣүүòã
ҶӭҲʲô¶ȻӭӣҲûʲôΣ֮ģҶʢҲʹӦˣã߰ɡ
Ҷʹһ𳯼ߣʱųŰԽԽ࣬Ҫѹϵķһ㣬Ҷʢ˵߿㣬ˡ
ҶʢžડһһҶصϣҶһѣ˵үүӴˡ
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ҶʢϽøëǲͷϵˮٵظԼɣˮӺһȡ
ҶһˮŷĿ籩꣬һ֮ɫǿԺĻ֦ڷĴݴ£һתͷ˵үүôҲô󰡡
Ҷʢ˵ģÿ죬ҲȥĿ졣
ܿͲ𣿡
š
ںÿѽԺһֻ裬ѾƷֱӸҵĸˡ
СҲֱֱؿŷ˵Ǻÿ£֦ζˡ
Ҷظ˵ضҳˡ
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ҶԷ̽ԴԺһȦ߽Ժӣһ̧ͷ峺εգ۵̫ɢ˵Ĺâá
˵˵үүͣˣ̫ˣ
ܳ½Сӣһ̧ͷ
ŲҶʢë߳ëһ˵ǰˡ
Ҷתͷ˵ҿԼȥˣ
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Ǳ߻ˮСָԶһƬСգȥȥ
㲻ɡˣҶʡ
ˣûʲôġ
Ҳˡ
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Ҷعˮ½ŵ߷ֿϣ˵˵Ÿ磬ˮ
½ţ
Ÿ磬
½ؿҶһۣͻȻ̧׷Ҷء
ҶظϽܣſЦţʱһϤĺС
Сء
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½Ÿͣ
СҲͣˡ
һ򣬽žͿԶһݵŮˣŮ˴ɫȹһ䣬վϣԵᣬֱֱؿҶأſ۾ˣȴˡ
衭Ҷһ䣬Ŵ衣
Сء
裡
ҶͻȻɡޱһ§סޱ§סͿ
½Сһ
ޱ۾ģϸָҶصԴ˵СأԲԲ㡣
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ҶʢҲˣҶʢ߳Ժӣһۿ˱һҶغޱޱҲҶʢֲһ۾֡
ҶʢӦһˡ
š
ɡ
ޱͷսҶصСظҶزᣬ˵ˣˣˣ㿴СǶˣ಻ÿѽߣȥүүңòã
áҶֺݺĨһᣬתͷ½С˵裬ˡ
½Сһ˵̺á
ޱһЦˣЦ۾ģ½Ŷ֪ҶиȾЦ˭ˣɲ裬ֻЦɵģҶô峺½Ŷ˻֪ɫ
ǷŸСӣޱʡ
Ҷؽ֣һСָ½Сӣ˵裬ҷŸ磬½šСӣõѣ¸£ǻһһ꼶ġ
Сõѳÿޱӵ绰о֪½źСӵĴڣ֮ǰҲ׼СӰͳݸ½źСӡ
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Ҷسǻӻ֣ޱ֣ߵҶʢǰޱֺһ֡
Ҷʢ˵ˣûŰɡ
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лл֡
ޱҶؽԺӣⲻޱһҶʢУǺ͵һһжҶڣһˡ
Ҷؿ޹֮ﶼϲã̫ˣ˿ڸǰ˵㵸һСһһĴڣһҪϳԡ
үүϣһϸ裬תܽ䣬ķɫСǮޣ˵裬㿴ҴǮǮҿԸƯ·ˣöǮǮġ
ޱ۾һºˣ±ӣ⣬ӹǮޣŵԱߵϣæͨĶ˵ЪһЪԿϣòã
ðɣҺүүֵġ
ˣ
ţһˮء
Ҷر߳ϱߺ죬ͣԹ֮ޱæʰһ£§ҶأڷҶغú˵һֻҶصС֣ʱҶصСԴҶصСҶؽ
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ޱһתͷɫﴫײ죬ʣүүˣ
Ҷصͷ
ߣȥæ
춼үүһġ
ˡ
š
ޱ˳ҶʢЪһЪҶʢִһ£ޱˣҶʢҶǰջ
ûһҶ½̫̫һңŷйˣޱҶʢ˼䣬½̫̫½ү½űˡ
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ޱĬƬ̣˵ллˡ
Ҷʢûнӻ׼꣬һޱʰ˳ˮҪҶϴ衣
ҶظϽ˵ҪϴҪϴԼϴԼϴ
ޱһ㶣ʣΪʲô
Ϊкӡ

裬𿴣𿴡
úãҲҲޱЦŤͷȥҶ·
Ҷϴ裬ޱҶر᷿Ҳϴ裬ȻҶʢ·ҲϴˣԼ䣬װ·Ьӡ
ǸҶҶʢġ
Ҷؿ·ܿġ
Ҷʢ˵׬Ǯףʲô·𣿡
ҲֵǮģ֣ŰɣҲ֪ʲôȽʵá
ûȥִҶʢָޱװ֡
ޱԲˡ
ҶʢҶؿе֪ռǱߵΪҶΣΪޱָҶΣԶĸҲϲˣĬĬ˵ҲˣͺҶ᷿˯ɡ
ã֣Ҳ˯
š
ޱҶػ᷿ĸڴϣҶػе㲻˼ܾԼкӣŮӣ˯һ̫ãޱҲ˶ֶӳο˸У§Ҷ˵Сѽ
š
Ͱˣ;꣬Ȼܿͻ᳤ˣǲѽ
ѽҶؿĵ˵ҪǳˣҾ׬ǮˣүүͲˡ
ޱֱů˵費ġ
ġҶ˵ҪѧϰҪϰ࣬æġ
ҶʢҶصģʵޱæһЩǰŮ黳ʫûҲǮҶأرǺҶطֿ֮޲һҹȴ޷ʵֻܸŬѧϰԼ
裬۲۰ҶصޱĶУޱЦŻش𣺡۰
Ҿ۰
ãһҲ۵ģСزۣÿ춼Ҫֲ˵ģ𣿡
ޱţҶ۾ʢϵһ㣬뵽ĺѧУѧϰˣĶȴժˣѹȴĵ˵ҲడҺϲ߲˺ˮҲϲ˵ġ
𣿡
ǰҾɽϺö񣬻Կ죬װ׵ƣһҲ۰
ҶԽô˵ޱԽѹҶصʣ𣿹㶪үү
ֵģ趼ΪҺãүүˣҲүү裬ϲҴ绰ϲңҺѹġ
ѹ𣿡
ţҶˣҿ޺üΣڱ͵͵޺üΣүү֪
ô˵ޱһۣ̲סſ䣬ҶظϽСֲ裬ôˣް
ǿĵĿ޵ġ
Ϊʲôģ
Ϊ֪ˣСġ
ţˡ
ҲСءޱҶؽ§ڻŵζƯĲ㰲ˣԼˡ
ҶҲ裬ܹ˯̫ҸˣŲ֣Ϊ˵裬û˯ȥȴ裬˷ܼӻ룬ûһˣޱĻ˯ˡ
ޱ§ҶأͣҶصСû˼һҲ˺ö࣬ĳ˺ö࣬ǰССģڴˣı仯ޱһ
ӣԴͷֻ㿪ܵ΢ţ༭һϢȥܣޱ٣죬׼
շ͹ȥֻˣĻʾܣ´ŵ˯ϽֻŽ


61 
ޱֻ, ؿǻܡ
šһºͣҪӣ
š
ôˣǶ, ǣ
ûУܺ, ǡޱЩ˼˵ڣչҶ͵ɽתͿʼҹûҶߣȫעڹѧϰ, Ǹ͸, ȻҲҶĺӡ
Ҷʱ, ֪ΪԼ氮ˣû뵽ʵݺݴΪ࣬ſʼɳ
ȥ, ʵǡǿ;ͬʱҲرƴ, ûҶصǣңһʮСʱжʮСʱڹԼѧϰϣԾ˵ٶڹ˾ɳ, õܵҲõܵĹע
һιΣʱ, ׻, ߹, ɲҲǹ˼ʶ൱ɫӲٵˣҲ٣Զǵһ˾һ뿪
ʵӣ٣Ϊ᲻öӣӳ죬ʵںƽʱ㣣ҲöԹЩΣ˵ҡҾ죬죬ܣ㿴𣿲еĻҡ
Сڱ˶˵û⡣
ޱϽ˵ллллܡ
ÿ˵빫˾ûϢλᣬҲúϢϢ˾񣬻ÿƽһĿ
ޱЩжõģллܡ
š
Ϣɡ
š
ǾˣټޱҪϵ绰ʱ˶˴ܵޱ
ޱӦܡ
ڱ˶˳ĬƬ̣˵ú÷ɷɣԼôˡ
ǡ
ټɡ
ټ
ޱϵ绰һһתҶʢԷһ֡
ҶʢʣҶ裬ô˯
ҽӸ绰
ŶϽȥ˯ɣͻȻûйϣèȥǳˡ
Ҷʢ̧ߣޱһֵֻ߽ͲĴһ£ûèӰŰѳŴ˵֣žˣȥ˯ɡ
УҲ˯
á
ҶʢֵͲ˷䣬ɵϣޱ᷿ŵԴϴȥҽԺưϣһζ֮ľͺ˺ܶ࣬Ҳޱֻã˶Ǹˣҹͨ
ʱ뵽ԼСҶǸ˶ޱֺҶأĸûԹ޹ҶΣҲûԹ޹ͷӣͷ־øοĵϣޱܹиҸ㡣
ޱ֪Ҷʢĺڴϣؿ˯еҶأƵģһҶصС֣һҶصСһҶصСһֱҹ§Ҷ˯š
ޱ̫ˣû˯һ̤ʵߣҲһ˯ٴʱſſɰĶӡ
衣Ҷ۾˵Ĺâϲõӣ裬˰
ޱЦˣ˵Բˡ
ûϵҪĻ˯㡣ҶؿĵػԴ˵
ޱЦҶصСԴ費ˣû˯ô
Ǿǳ緹ɣҺүү˹óԵģԼԳһԣһ룬ʱܳġ
㶼緹ˣ
ţүүˣ緹ˡ
㶼ˣ
ţһɽժˣժϻ費ţҶظϽܳȥһϻ裬㿴ġ
ޱžԼһ˯̫̫ˣæҶ˵Ǹ
Ҷ˵裬ûйϵģүү˵͹ùùæģǶ˯˯ûϵġ
ôǰ˰ޱ۵§Ҷ˵á
ֱ豧ˣҶؿĵĲˡ
ޱҲǿģϴ󣬱ҶҶʢһ緹Ҷϴ֣Ҷ壬ҶСվ˳ֲһ£ҶظɸɾģҶ˵ҲϸҶصƤˣҲѡ
һԵҶʢףΪʲôҶôãΪһ谡±Ҷƭˣ˺ˣҲûԹ԰ûмںϣҶʢޱӡְθһΣ̲סޱ
ޱʵ档
Ҷʢʣɣ
ޱЦ˵С
ԣʵҶش绰ҲΪ̫æµ̫ˣҺҶشߣ
ΪԼûб£ԵñǶ໨ʱ䡣ޱתͷҶأҶܵԺιڳԷ˵ҲСصҾܲˣͻߣĻҷֲչ
ͺҶ˲ãԽԽ㣬ǰС׶԰ˣ˺ܾãҲٸϵرջˡǶʱ䣬Ϊչҹˣǣûаչ˺á˺ܶࡣ
ΪûǮסңΪûǮСҲ׶԰ˣһڼҵңǣҶǵϰࡣ°رԣԽǹԽԼܣҲҹӣҲûδҡ֣Բûа취
ޱ̲סԼҶЩѵӣ֮࣬ÿһ룬;öԲҶأ۵иһۣҶһֱӣûϣ
ڷ룬ѹҲҪһֱȥźİҶطŵҶʢҲҶش绰װثװʧˣҶʢҶأ̹ʱ䣬ǮˣٰҶؽӻȥһһֱҶʢ
Ҷʢ̾Ϣһ˵ǺζԲ
ޱͷ
Ҷʢ˵Ҷ裬İɣҺ˵һһֱҶأһֱţƭ㡣ҪҪ׬Ǯͺú湤׬ǮɡһǾ仰ǺζԲҶأԲ㡣дǺΣǣ㲻ΣҲҪúõΪԼ۵ĻҸ˰㣬ҲԵġֻҪãҶغþˡ
ЩҶʢޱ˵ڵ绰˵ţʱޱ͸жԶûڴĸж࣬ҶʢĹһͰϸף̫ûиܵϵĹ븸ˣᵱ䣬һ仰Ҳ˵
ҶʢһޱЩίޱҲͶʮ꣬ʵҲǸӡΪ˸ĸģͼúίϵֽݸޱ˵һԷɣȻҶؿˣסҲѹġ
ޱֽӹ
ԷɣԺúùӣӻԽԽõģҲңһչ˺Ҷأ㰡Ҷؾˡ
ޱͷ
Ϊƽޱתƻ⣬ʣס죿
ĩ졣
УǾͺúҶء
š
ʱҶιڣܹ
Ҷʢתͷ˵ȥϴ֡
Ҷرıȥϴ֡
ޱϽˣҶعʱͿһЦݣ˵ʣ裬ó𣿡
ޱЦ˵óԣرóԡ
ҶصͷҾҲǡ
㻹Բԣ
ԡ
ղѾ˺ܶ࣬ٳһòã
á
Ҫպ׻ǽͣ
ס
ޱչҶسһ֮ޱҶʢЪţʰ˳ʰԺӣҶϼһҶʢⶼʰĸɸɾҶػ·Ҷװ˧Сӡ
Ҷʢ˵ÿ
Ҷرе㺦ߣ˳·ҲԼܺõġ
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Ҷޱ֣ͻȻһ
ޱʣôˣ
Ҷ˵ҵĴǮޣ
ҪǮ޸
Ҫ˵꣬Ҷܻط䣬ŷɫС˵߰ɡ
ޱЦʣǸʲôѽ㣿
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Ҫʲô
·
ʲô·
ҶسޱϿ˿˵ȹӺñӣ
Ϊʲôأ
Ϊȹ죬ñӿԵ̫߰ɡҶһֱŴǮޣһޱɽСнߣˣҲӯżҡͷԵġ
ޱŶӵĿоϲǳһŶߣŶһܾɽһֱ˲н֣ҶŤͷʣ裬ϲʲôȹӣ
ޱʣϲ贩ʲôӵȹӣ
ϲ贩Ưȹӡ
ƯȹӴ𣿡
ãҪƯȹӡ
ޱ֪ҶƯȹʲôӣҶص۾һֱջ·飬֪⺢ϲݲݵģﻹ⺢ӿɱԼѡʲô̵·
ûãƷλߣѡ˲Ƿ黨ȹϳĺÿҶظԱߴʺƨ裬úÿ
ޱȷʵúÿȻҶεҲỨ˼׷ˣֻȹӲ˰ɣޱҶʱҶѾʣϰ壬·Ǯ
ϰ˵һپʮǮ
Ҷ˵ô󣬾ʮǮɡ
˵ϰȻˣޱ̾Ҷؿϰع˵ʮǮ϶С
ǾʮأҶʡ
ʮҶˡ
һٿǮأ
һٿǮҽӴ
һɣ
һ岻Ӵ
һһҪҪ㲻ĻҿɾˡҶߵ֣С˵裬ǼװߣһϰͻẰǵġ
ǰûмӣӴѧܣһϰһ鲻Ը˵˺ˣһһһһ죬ˣ´򰡡
á
Ҷ̰СѶƤٵССקһһٵģȵݸϰ˵ϰ壬𼱣Ǯѿٵġ
ϰ屻ҶضЦˣҪ׿٣类ٹ⻨ˡ
õģҺܿŵģϿǮ
ϰЦ
ҶضڵϣСְӲҲŪĻ죬һӲҲűٳһԵޱԼһζӣЦûп޵Ķ࣬Цֿޡ
ҶظǮ·һͷˮСһʣ裬ôˣôˣ
ޱ±˿Ҷؾͳнߣߵ˵űߣһ§ҶأҶһãȻʣ裬ôˣ
ޱҶصӣҲҶصѣҶػ˵ĸǻأŹӣѪԵ֮⣬ҲҶĻģżҲҶʾʱ͸Ҷصľѿ
Ҷʣ裬ôˣôˣ˭۸ˣҰ
Ҷ˵رߡ
ޱҶ˵û۸衣
ʲô
ֿѹ
ôֿѹҶָޱ˵裬㿪İɣѹѹĻҲѹˡ
öԲ㰡ϣȴûߣһ𳤴ôණ趼֪㶪㶼ûԹ裬Լرʧܣرܣ衣
ǵġҶֻС֣һޱᣬ˵õ裬ѹޣҳ˾ͺˣ;ˣҪ쳤չүүǾһֱһˣˣ㻹ޣҾҪˡ
ҶСһƲϾҪˣޱϽᣬҶ˵һ˵ĻˣҶصС˵ã費ˣˣСҲˡ
áҶס
Ƕˡ
šҶظޱᡣ
ޱˣ˵ȥԡ
ʲôԣ
ϲģǺ«ըȥԿϵ»ܣòã
Ҳүүȥòã
ð
ޱվҶٴγߣҶ˵ˣ裬һûиñأ
Уȥ򡣡
ٸүүīҺүүûע⣬īȱҧˣүүƤŴ϶ճӡˡ죬̫̫ǿˣʱүүҪīģȻ۾á
ޱѾ֪ҶʢˣͷãǸүүҸһīٸС·
Ҳ·ˣкö·ѽ
Ͷġ
춬춼ûе
ǰ򣬿ûģеĻ򡣡
á

ĸ˵ֵ߳ߣñīﶬ·Ǻ«ը˼⵰ĸģصʱ۵ͷ󺹣ҶʢϽϣ˽½ҲˣҶʢк½ųԡ
Ҷϴڴڵسţһ̧ͷүүͷŸ綼ڳϣԱ߳ϣÿģĬĬϣһԶͣϣ衢үүͷŸ綼ߣԶԶ
Ȼ֪ԶǲܵģһررĵģɵɵЦˣЦ꿴裬үүĿ½ϡ
½˵Ҳϳԣ̫ˡ
ֲҪϡ
治ԣ½ſһҶеֻʣƤϰʡ
š
ԣԲ
ԡҶѸٻش

½ƳҶһۣԼҧڵϣݵҶ˵һڰɣһڣܶˡ
Ҷһ¿ĵЦˣ˵Ÿ磬ð
Բԣ
ԡҶſȥҧһڡ
ޱŶӺ½ţüһÿĻȣĿջʱ½̫̫½үүЦ˹


62 
ޱϽվӭ, ½̫̫½үүЦеͬޱ˵ޱģҪҲΪޱҶص衣
ϲҶ, Ҷذκ½ŵرмҶ, Ҳлһޱ, Ҳ֪ޱȱʲô, ޱһԷ˵, ˡ
ޱƴǲ, ҶҶʢһ½̫̫ңһ緹, λ˵Ŀе֪Ҷر㣬ҲΪҶʢλ˵ĴȰݣλ죬ؼҵ·, Ҷʢ˵Ҷͦõġ
šȺһö, ٲһڵҵ
Ҳİɣúù
š
ޱ֪θлҶʢźãصͽӹҶʢĻҶһιιţ, ʱ򵽾ɽ, ߲˽ˮ, ڶ, Ҷһ𴲣һϾɽղժϣһгˣ˳緹֮ҪҶʢҶȥˣ
Ҷʢֲȥ
ҶҶʢš
Ҷʢ˵үү۾ûȬܾ˶ġ
Ҷغ˵˶氡
үү۵İ˶۾ָͲˣҽǲô˵ģ
ҶŷſҶʢһȥ˿ϵ»ܣȥֳͷ˹ùҶϼ飬һ˺óԵĶͯײͣŵ㣬һֱ浽㣬ҶصЦûֹͣ
ϹûһҶؾ۵Ŀޱ˯ˣޱһƣҶ§ڻŶ۵СĽëһţظŶӵСһһµš
ŸոջʱһΪĬĬᣬ޲ȥ۾һֱСһأǰһƵվָᣬôС֪ˣžΪĸա
̲סҶصĶͷͷͷҶصԴ򳵴⣬̫ûۿˣһžãʵǴǳǳЦ񾲵ؿŴ⣬ڹ㲥ѵվҶ˯ǰһҶߣͻȻԼ̫ˣҶظض˲١
ʱҶˣź衣
ޱֻգ˵ˡ
ҶԺӦһ
ޱһһҶص֣˵ߣ³
Ҷһصͷ
ͣʱޱҶ³ǰѾϻСӣˬһ³泩Ҷ˲ˣĵ˵ۣ찡
ޱһЦͷҶص˶ЬЬˣæͣҶϵЬҶգ۾ĵһ§סޱĲӡ
ޱЦʣʲôͻȻ§裿
Ҷ˵ϲ衣
ϲ
һٷϲ
һٷϲҶСʱ˵ģû뵽ڻǵãޱĵһҶصҶصֳߣͿǰҶʢŴ߹
ޱҶʢﻹֵͲʣ֣ȥĶ
Ҷʢ˵ǡ
ֵͲ
Ͼͺˣһ·û·ƣǿˡ
ԣޱȵģҶѾҶʢ֣ߴߴ˵ͣˣں浽˼ңϴ־׼û뵽ҶʢѾˣֻϴꡣ
ļ죬ޱæµţϺҶҶʢȥղˡˣʰҶؿ鿴ӣҶҶʢϲԵģֺҶҶʢȥɽ°βݽˮʱҶھɽϿ䣬ϷԼ߳գŻҶҶʢóԵġ
ÿһҶضķǳ֣ǣֵǶݵģޱڼܾʹ˵绰ʣ
ޱ˵ţϻȥȥϰࡣ
ȥ㡣
ޱһ˵òá
˳·
һߡ
Ǻðɡ
ллܡ

ϵ绰ޱʼʰûдҪҶظ·ñӡͷͷ԰ˣʱһСƷҶؾúÿģҲ͸ˡ
رϲȫװϣһ̧ͷҶǰСأֱֱƬ̺˵裬Ҫˣ
ޱһ᲻ˣϵʱ򣬱Ҷأ˵쵼٣ڼڵˣҪȥϰ׬Ǯˡ
ȥϰడ
ǰ
ǡҸүүڼҰ
ޱͷһţҶصӣҼӣҲӵ¶ӵһͻļֺѡ޷˵ذѶӴߣԽԽӲ˰꣬ڹվˣŸһӡ
ֱһ仰ƣڿŬĽԼȥҶضԼм洦ĿҶ˵ǰүүڼңúѧ
㻹𣿡
ᰡһ᳣㡣
𣿡
ġ
ޱǸԸҶط¶ˣʱƻҶ͵ҶʢҲǺҶǰ˵ģǻҶСߣ׷Գ˯ʱ͵͵ˡ
˿ʵ˵ڹԽԽȶˣһΣٱֳɫĻ蹤ʻһ㣬ʱһķӣżپȥǶǮˣ˷ӣ˻ڣѧòã
үүҲȥ𣿡
үүһ
š
ԣֻҪСԸģ趼Ը⡣
ǡ𣿡顱ʣҶǲģھǶ̸̸ۣ賤Ư̸ᣬ̸ٻ齨ͥʶԼ⡣
ޱһ뵽Ҷͨ͸㿪ʣϣ𣿡
Ҷգ۾һ˲ãȻޱʣ裬Ҫǽˣһ𣿡
Ȼǣ
ɡ
ΪʲôҪ飿
˵ˣͲôˡ
㲻ôǲǣ
ǰ
ô죬ֱжˡޱҶصС˵Ҫģܷʲô¶㶼Ķӣˡ
Ҳүү
ǴӦ裬үүȶˣٽȥ𣿡
á
ô£ôޱСͲүҾһ㣬ĸŮƢãɩӲ֪ʶѬ£Ĵƣڴû뵽ȴԵҶү̫ˣ͸ôõĶӣһ˲˲ضŶҶأ˵ﻰҶҲ˵뷨
һֱ˵Ҷط˯ޱģڶϣޱҶҶʢˣ緹ޱҪˡ
ҶҶʢͣ½̫̫һҲˣһҪӣޱ½̫̫һȰؼˡ
ҶҶʢȴһ·ޱ˹վҶʢϸһޱעϢע壬Ǯ׬ˡ
ޱһһӦַҶʢ֤壬Ҷʢ͵߲˸ޱģޱһٶڹ˾ʳóԣҲˣͣվҶʢ˵ȥҶصĻڼĹѧ
ޱͷӰȡһŷ⣬ҶʢҶʢһһǮļŷװ£æޱζǮ˵Ҷӣ㲻ӣƾҶÿͰæǶǮġ
ҶʢӲǮޱİ˵ҺҶ˶ǮԺðɡ
ޱûͷߵҶء
ҶشϿʼߣðƽߵ̫˵š̫үү費Ҫô߰ɡµ·ֻ롰·үүĳһ㣬ٳһɣҺٶһͣ롰һ
ķչκ˵־ΪתƣԶҶһ»ˣ裡
ޱһЦ˵ԣȥʱͻ㣬ҪúѧҪҪһֱ֣֪𣿡
Ҷصصͷ裬ҲҪô࣬һԵģһ׬Ǯġ
ãҪְ
š
ĸ˵䣬ǰͣˣޱתͷҶʢ˵֣ˡСؾ鷳ˡ
ϰɡ
лл㣬֡
š
ޱתҶ˵Сأټ
ҶСֻ˻ӡ
ޱ۾һºˣӲһЦݣ˳ǰҶػ֣ҶҲػӶС֣ڹʱųӴغ裬ҪҴ绰ңҪ׬Ǯ׬ˣȥ㰡裬Ҫ밡Ҳ㡣
ҶصӰƲޱôתͷҶʱ̽˫ؿ
ͬʱŽнԶһڵ㣬ʧˣҶ͵һתҶʢ̴үүˣˣˣҲߣߣ쿴
Ҷؿ޵ģҶʢ۾Ҳˣһ˵û¶û¶ģܿͻˣ޲˰ߣǻؼȥؼȥϳԱȥ
ҶʢҶغ˺һҶزֹסҶʢ֣ȥķһۣظҶʢߡ
Ҷʢʣ˵ߣ㲻޵ģôֿأ
Ҷش˸˵Ҹով޵ġ
㻹ûޣ
š
Ϊʲô
Ϊ迴ҿޣҲޣһޣҾͻѹѹģҲѹѹأҲߣߡ
ҶҪˡ
ҶʢϽ˵˲ˣⶼҪˣһźСӻ㣬Ҫǿһ·϶ڿޣǻЦġ
ҶĨһ۾˵ҲˣϢͻҵġ
ԡ
軹ᾭҴ绰
ԣˣӺɷѪᣬѣѣޡ
ţҲˡ
ǡ
үһһ͵ģҶľͲˣ̤ɫյңҶ˵ˣɡˡ
ţܲġ
ҶʢӦһ䣬ϵΣĵ¶пӲӲĶóһǸղޱǸװֽŷ⣬ǵޱİˣôܵ¶ˡ
ޱҶʢ̾ϢһתͷҶأ˵Ǯ
Ǿʹɡ
ţͷ裬׬ǮףȹʱݶˣһŮƴװҶʢҲԼӣʱĺӸڷԾˣڲһڲҪʻо񣬶ᷢչѸ٣ǰһһ
ҶʢǮת䡣
ҶվڴôߵĴ꣬ĴҶݡ棬һƬ֮ɫţСС徲˸Уٴð˿˿Ƶ
룬ĻͲʪģʹģֱֱؿĻҲ֪˶ãͻȻĻгһСӰСӰɫ£ֻ׾Ĵһŷ곯ߡ
һվСӰŸ磡
žˮУ΢
Ÿ磡
ţ𣿡
ˣôˣ
档
Ƕôѽ
û¶
һˮ߽ãһʪһƬҶҲ⣬ֽ½°µӽ⿪½ŵñϣ½ŵĴˮĿִ̳֣ӿ֮ŵðķС
Ҷʣ෹иʲô
½Цĸ⿡ԵǴŹǺըոճġ


63 
Ҷؾȼˡ
½Ż˻е㷹, ʣҶ, 𣿡
Ҷسһ, ʵԼ, ˵е, , е㲻ԡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊˣһеѹ
ѹ, ܿͻˡ
ô֪ģҶʡ
½΢΢Ц˵Ϊٹһ¾͵ʮһڣȫѧУż, ȫϰҲż, ʱ϶ġ
Ҷһ, ۾ʣģ
½ŵͷ, һͷϵˮžž䣬Ҷûע⵽, ʣż죿
š
ˣ
ԣô㣬϶һżپͻġ
ţ̫ˡҶͷһɨ, ۾زסâо, ע⵽½Żʪ, ˵Ÿ磬ˣϽ, Ȼܡ
š
Ҷֽӹ½еķУŵԱߵĵϣ½ѵϿ£ʱҶʢ꣬Сܵãһ̧۾ϲ˵˰
½òغҶүү
ôģ
¡
ûУô˵ţҶʢѾ½Ŷͷϵˮʪ˴ôŵһëǰ½Ų
½ŶҶûн䱸ҶʢҲûУҶʢͷϵˮ˵ллҶүүҾͷʪһ£Ķûš
ҶʢһԺ˵̫ˣôͣأ
½Żش𣺡ΪհˣҶأҶͳԵġ֮⣬Ҷѹġ
ʲôԵģ
Ҷһ𷹺˵ϲԵǴŹǺը
Ҷʢ½ţʣүүҶسԵģ
½ŵͷ
֪ǣҲҶƨƵĸ½ź棬조ŸŸ硱ĺҶʢ½̫̫һҾ͵߲ˮ͵˵ĵģѾΪϰߣҲǰǰˣҶ˵ллȻ½˵ţô԰ɡ
½ŵͷ
Ҷʢ죬˵绹磬ҪǶˣȳԵըһ緹
Ҷظž˵үүҲը
үү
ҲԳ԰ҲʱҲԳԺܶණġҶص˼άҪԶġҲҪԶġʱضǿԳԶġ
Ҷʢ
½ţ
үүһѽҶض׵ǰؽд򿪡
ܹ㣬һǰֻըըĻƲӲӵģһʳڶǴŹǣһ˱Ƕ½үҶʢү׼·ˣţⶡᶹǡȵȳһ𣬽Ũ
Ҷһпۣ㰡½̫ˣ
һԵ½ѣүүġ
½үүģҶػһ£̰Ѹղŵıһ飺ۣ㰡½үү̫ˡ
½ţ
Ҷʢ
ȥϴ֣ҶزܲˣðˮͷϴС֣ܻһϵӣ׵ǰֻļȣתͷǳС½˵һ䣺Ÿ磬үүˣҪˣȸүүԣǲԣ´Һ½үүһԼʱҲ½үүһֻȣòã
½ŵͷ
ҶͽȵݸҶʢҶʢȳԣҸɾͰѼȻҶأ˵Լܳ壬ӿ˼ͷŹǡ
ҶСʣүү㲻𣿡
ˣ˲̫ܳ͡
ǡǾȲˣȵˮ
ţǳ԰ɣүүȥݷѸɲ˷
ҶʢǸˣرʮ꣬ÿһЩɲˣŹܲɡƹᶹǵȵȣеǷ̳֬еǰΡ桢֮󣬷̫汩ɹɹˮֱɡ
һ֣ܳڴ棬үڶԵԼҵˡ
ǰҶʢԼҶˣҶشδζæҲ⣬ھ˵үүҲȥɲ˷
ãȳԶɡ
Ҹٳԡ
ûٻɣը˾Ͳóˡ
Ǻðɣҳըȥɻ
Ҷʢð꣬첽ת˲ݷ
Ҷ½ΧŷпŹǺը½ųԵĺҶһֻżһֻǴŹǣҧһڣұ߿һ£һ㣬ʳӡ
½ʣôó𣿡
ҶģͷʳһЩڶͯ˸С
½ͷŹǣԺĴ껹ڻţˢžɽĵ棬ҲһһûһԸо⣬ҶʢϽȥ·Ҷ½Ŵϡ
֮ʼ緹緹ǰҶ½Ŷ˲⣬ٳô壬Ҷʢ˷Ѽ棬½ү·ˣһױ緹
켲ĿҲȥĿ죬֪֮ϸ꣬ͣסˣһֱ¸ͣ
ҶʢûȥˣڼҶش̲ˣŪһ̳һ̳һһһЩֱȥĲҶӣҲ˸ɲ̲ˣ߲ޣÿһ̲ˣҶʢҪ󸻴Щ룬ҶعʳǾˡ
ʵҶʢǫˣҶǡɽˡɣ߲˳رãÿȥг⣬ԭҶʢÿ춼룬һȴ󲿷ֵϰ붼ߡ
ӦǾ䣬д¥ĲӵģһС񶼱һǿرյ죬үû׬Ȼû˶иԲЩɲ̲֮ģҶæ֮˵үүٶЩɲ˰ɡ
ôҪأ
ԶǮ
Ҳ˲ɲˡ
ѽҶػȻ˵첻磬ɹɣ׷ù


ҶʢȻĻˮƽߣʮ飬еĴ󱦲һʱʱ̵̿ɢ֪ʶЩ֪ʶȫҶأҶڲ֪ᵽȰ֮⣬ͬûе֪ʶ
֪ʱɹɲˣתɱģ˵үүȥι
ģ˺ӺٳţҲȦˣ֮ǰү˽ֻСƼ˼ʮֻʮֻ⼸ȥģڼͳʮһֻֻֻĸһֻֻĸԭеģʣµֻǺģһ㶼Ҷι
Ϊ˸õүʯ߸˸ᣬû⣬ҶװһףᣬﺰšգԷˡ
һһѵɢᣬƳļ۷ɫĵϻһѪ
һ£һֱµֻĸһͻȻҲ˵Сµġ
СµˣɶҶļҶ˷ʹ󺰣үүСµˣµˣ
Ҷʢæ
ҶضϸܵҶʢǰأүү㿴㿴Сµˣ
ҶʢһۿŵȷСµˣϲ˵ǣ
ţһιǣҾͿˡ
Ҷʢֽӹ
Ҷص˷ܲ۾쳣ҫ۵⣬Сµ˵̫شˡ
ǿСƼƿǣһιСƼףסдֻСƼȣүүϢʹڵˮ棬עСƼ磬СƼȻˡ
ſСƼëһת䣬ɫȻ˵㣬ԼҵļУôġ
СµˣҶְѺĳɾ͸У˵үүҺͷŸ˵ȥ
ء
ҸŸ绰
ȥɡ
Ҷؿĵܵ䣬½̫̫ҵĵ绰ģ绰Ͳŵ绰ƵģŸ磬ҼСµˣѽѽҺÿİ
ȡ
ֻˣүү˵һܻбСµûУҲС
һ¡
ʲôҶطʡ
˭绰һİ
Ҷ˵ҷŸ簡
Ÿ˭˭
ŸҷŸ簡Ҷء
ʶ绰˰ɣСѡ
Ҵˣ
ţˡ
ǡǶԲ𰡡
û¶
Ҷعϵ绰绰ǰʱ䱻ڳϣˤˣʵҲ̫ˣҶʢһ£ܱȽ϶࣬ҶؿԿԼĺ룬ϸһ沦ˣԼС˵һ䡰ѽ汿Ȼˣ̫˧ˡ
水ˣȷ˱˶½ź󣬸ӼؽԼСµ¶˵һ飬ĵ¶½Ҳ൱˵ȥҿ
ã
½ŵĵ绰ҶָСӴ绰Сӱ½ŷӦŶˣûСµأ˵ԼҪŵҶؼҡ
½ŵҶؼСҲһܹҶʣô϶ࣿ
Сӻش𣺡̫죬ˤˡ
ˤ𣿡
ûУҿɾˤˡ
Ҹҵ·
ãһ͸ˡ
Ǻðɡ
һ˿ȻһǰһֻСͣءգաؽţҶָ˵Ҫµˣ
Сʣô֪
Ϊµġ
˭
Ҷָָĸ˵мһ
賤󡣡
˵úܺÿ
˰ġ
Ұ
Ұβͳ
ţ⻹óԣ

˵ˡһֱû˵½Ŵ˶˶ԻָС˵Եˡ
СֿߵǰˣҶ˸Ͻߵդǰĵضԣһ˲˲ضСûôɹ˵СС
Сʣµ
Ҷصͷš
³
֪
Сһ˵ҶأʮһֻȻ֪
ҶطСӣСԼȻ֪һҪ¶ã
С̱Ҷطƿԡ
һԵ½Ц
Ƭ֮Сʣ᲻һ죿
һġ
Ǿţ
š
СӻҪſ˵½ףǱ˵ˣȻСˡ
Ҷתͷ˵С˵ˣСˡ
Сӣ˵ĺҶû˵һ
½һ֡ڸʲôҶأҶ̳½һЦŸ磬ڿʼҲ˵ม
½޿κεصͷ
Ҷص治˵ˣ۾żСҲ֪Ƕ˶ãͻȻСվˣǳһһǷ۵ļȻ֡
СµˣСӾ̾˵
ȥãҶҪȥ
һ¡½סҶ˵ȥãС׷ġ
ô֪
硷˵ġ½ǸĺӣһĴ̺ܸߣ˶еĿ˵Ŀˡ
Ҷɻʣô죿
½ſԱߵ룬ץһףһӣ˵ȥɡ
Ҷ˳ؽó˵˵ȵġ
СӾȵʣȵģ

ȵġ
Ÿ磬ҲҶذѼ½ŵ½ǵһοСµҲǵһ֪ԭȵģûҶСŵ˷ܣҲΪСС¼˻
ӶżһҲģҶʢΪϲھ˵Ͱ⼸ǳ԰ɡ
Уһܾ
Լǿʲô
ÿСµĵܳԡ
ҶʢҲСǶԴȻһЩ֮ģһλ콽ˮţһ컨ڼҵèҧҲˣĵؿС죬ǻ᲻ôèֿС졣
ҶʢôӣҶϼѧغӣҶ˵ܳԼûжѼúõڳΪҶֱӵĸоϲˣ˵үүʱǰѼ˰ɣ
Ҷʢʣã
Ҷصͷ
ҶʢƣôͻȻˣ
ΪŸ˵
Ҷʢ
ҶҲ̫½ŵĻ½ŵĻҲûȫ棬Լܽ˵ˮ׺ѽֱԣȻ󼦱ԣemmmŸ˵ǹɣܷչúõģ˵ܶ˺öö꣬վˣҪǲԼģˣɾˣͻˡ
ʲôʲôҶʢûʣԣŸʲô˼
Ҳ֪Ҷ룬˵ܡܷŸ˵ˣԵĻ͹ˡ
ҶʢҶص˼·ֱʣô죿
ŸģŸ˵Ŀ϶ǶԵģˣͰѼ
С
Ҷʢһ˵ʲôˣȻΪԼϺͿˣҶҲһ׷Ÿ˼ˣŸ¡ˡôһ룬;÷Ÿ˵̫׼ȷˣֱ˵ڲ
ŸرģΪŸ˵׼ȷϲŸ磬ôھ͵ɣ컹û磬ڼģҶʢ˵һƻɡ½š
½ǰд֣ҶſϾͺŸ磡
½Ӧһ
Ÿ磬ڸʲôѽ
д֡
дʲôѽ
дҶͷ
Ҷسϰһһҳض֣ʵֻ֡Ҷءǡͷ


64 
Ҷض, ֿ, ָеһ֣ʣŸ磬𣿡
½Ӧš
ıʻöడ, , Ÿ, ΪʲôдҶһĲ⡣
дд½ʮԵ˵, Ӳġ
Ҷգ۾, Ϊ½ű⣺Ϊ𣿡
½һֲŵĿҶء
Ҷʮ˵Ÿ, ´ֵʱܱܲд
дʲô
Ҷ, ˵дǴ˧磡дҶءǡ󡪡˧硪, ҶǿˡҶǴ˧硱֡

ҶС½˵Ÿ磬òãòۣ
½ŰƫһԣҶصĻ, תʣʲôȥˣ
ȥСӼˡ
, ô棿½űӢ˵
Ҳ, ǸүүܲɳԵģǳͣһ, Ź˰ҵгȥģĿ˳, ܲɾͻˡҶûкС氡, ҪĻ, ҿ϶氡ΪҷŸ磡
½죬ƤϰϵһضˣҶظϽʣŸ磬ôֲ˰
½ͺࣺܶдĲÿд
дม
š
дǴ˧磡
š
Ÿ磬д˧𣿡
ᡣ½̸ߣճ½̫̫½үʮĵؽ̣½ûһ꼶Ҳǵһ꼶ѧ
ѽŸ磬Ҷд
š
ҲдɣдŸǴ˧硯ȫ˧Ĵ˧磡
½Ųϰϵġ죬ߵǲ֪صͷӦһš
Ҷؿĵ½ߣ½ŵݸҶһ֧˵ǦʣҶд˧ѧ֮ҶضǰСֽǦʣдš硪ǡ󡪡˧硪
½ĬһдҶǴ˧硱ддţͷһתд˾䡰ҶͷҶתͷ˵ѽŸ磬ôдѽ
½źȻЦ

½Ц˵á
дѽ
á
մӸڻ½̫̫ﴫӵĴЦЦеİеϤ̧߽һȻԼҴЦǾ棬ҶغԼҴЦˡ
СӻǵøСŶԣ½̫̫ˣͬʱ˫ֺʮһϵӣĬĬлϲԣлϲĴȬˡ
ǰ½Ｒﵽ㣬˳˯ӣǷҪǱˣͻƢҽ˵ԼԼһֱûõĻԽԽء
ʱ·תүҶСʹˣĬĬҲ죬ҶСʹƽֵģԺԽԽ˰
֮½̫̫ŽڣҶ½дʲôԱ߿ţҶ½ţţ½̫̫˵˹¡
½̫̫ҶʢȻǾɽˣܽͬʹλ˵ĹҲвͬҶʢǵ;˵һЩйŴ¡
½̫̫Ƕ෽˽⣬Ҷؿ϶˲ţ֯Ů丸աЩ£½̫̫Ҷ½˵񻰹£½̫̫񻰹£ʵΪ˵½ģ½ſ񻰹µʱȴˡ
½̫̫һֱû˵ڱ񻰹µһ֧߸Ҷ½Ͼ񻰹̫ˣûϵҶ½Ľζ˫峺۾ȫעض½̫̫½̫̫гɾ͸Уر
֮½̫̫ڰ׿ˮŻڹеӣʣǣ̽ģˣ
󱦱˼һͷ
½̫̫ʣҪ𣿡
Ҷ˵С
СҶ˵
½̣ʣǲҲ˵ǻ˵йҪǲ˵й˵йܹ𣿴ҶϣҪǡҪҪϼˣôк
½̫̫
½šꡱһЦ
½̫̫ҲЦĸҶص˼άˣҶؾȻʳô⣬ҶһѯʵСģǿɰˣ
ƲסͰҶ§ڻЦ˵СҶذҲ֪ô򽻵ģõСҶسˣѧˣѧ˺öö֪ʶԺ֪ԺСҶҪ֪ˣٸ̺òã
Ҷصͷ˵á
Ҫúѧϰ
ţҺͷŸһúѧϰ
û
½̫̫§Ҷһһʱ䣬Ҫŵʱˣ½̫̫׼Ҷػؼˣ˵绰ҶʢҶʢԷҶʢԸ⣬½̫̫㽫Ҷ緹
Ϊ˸Ҷ½ʸУ½̫̫Ҷ½һ緹緹ǳƿ⣬ҶػûгԹֿ⣬½үſ̳Ҷغ漫ˣһ½үæһֺ½Űϴˡ
һж׼ˣ֮½һڿǰ½үӽһƬƬ廨⡢ţ⡢ŵϣʱ̵ͻҶ˵̫ˡ
Ҷֱֱؿš
½ø첲һҶء
ҶŤͷ½š
½ŵݸҶһֽһ˵ˮ
Ҷ£ֽӹһ촽ûвˮתͷ½ʱ½ЦҶһ׹Ÿƭָ½ŵһ˵ѽŸ磬డడ
½һɫֽϲһ£ֽûһ༣̧Ҷأࣿ
ҶЦ΢΢һ죬һҶأҶؿˡ
Ҳ죬ЦһԵ½үӰһпУ룬ҲСҶصĴԺԼһˣۡݼ½ѹСҶصĶ֣СҶϷһһ˿Դͷݵβ½үġ
Ҷص۾ϲü⣬廨̵Ũ磬½үӸƬ廨ⷭ΢һȻϣ廨̵ҶϣؾһСݸҶ˵СҶأһ
Ҷغ볢һүү趼˵Ҫϰף˵ȥ˼ҳԷҪòûнӣ˵½үүȳ԰
СҶȳԡ
Ҷĭ˵½үүȳԡ
½үүСҶȳԡ
Ǹ½ȳԡ
½ڳĢء
Ǿ͵һ½̣һ԰
½үӿҶһĭ֪ⶼҶʢ̵ĺãҶʢӽӵʧȡ飬Ҷķǳˣ½үǿ½̫̫ٲȳԣҶؽ̿ˮͻ̱ġ
½̫̫һ̽빽ˣ½үЦ˵ˣ˵ˣϽԡ
½̫̫˵ȳ԰ȳ԰
Ƕأ㲻Ըԡ
𣿡½̫̫Ц۾Σһӹ½үӵˣȳһڣһ֮󣬺½үһ˾һ廨Ҷ½ųԡ
ҶСޱޱȻ׾ݣżҲҶسȥԷԵĶǽĶͯײͣûнӴ⣬Ҷظе漫ˣѧ½̫̫ҧһڣ˵ϵ廨˵ŨڸУҶһ±ˡ
½үʣô
Ҷ˵ҶʳĿɰǴˣҶػæصͷóԣóԳóԵģ
½λ˹Ц
½ҲĿóԡ
½үЦ֮ȷϿ̵İȫԣҶ½˵ע㽫׼ӣݸҶ½ţӽӵģĿ⡢ˣСӡ
½̫̫Աʱ̼ලţ˵ע⣬˰
Ҷ˵ҲŵģҶ
ʲô

ˮ𣿡
½̫̫һ䣬½үӺ½Ҳ뵽ҶˮһľͬʱЦҶرЦСͨ˵ˮǲԣǰСҲ֪ˣҳˣ֪ˣҪпˮģȻġ
ڳ˰
ţҶˣҶؿһƬţƬи½̫̫˵½̣˵ҲҲ԰úóԵġ
½̫̫̲סЦˣ֪ΪϲҶصԭ򣬻ʲôҶĶ͸ſɰģ̲ס۰˵úúã̳ԣСҶҲԡ
š
ӶΧڿǰһæµһ߳ԣֳԷʽ˵壬֮󣬲θõ㣬ҲǸĳʵ½̫̫½ү⿴½һۣ½Ҷ¶ǴʱҲóϲԷġ
Ҳˣ극֮ͣһ½̫̫׼һݿⷹݸҶأҶشҶʢԡ
Ҷ˵лл֮󣬺½һĵܻؼңѷеݸҶʢҶʢرóԣԹóԵˡ˷ܵ˵Ǯ֮󣬾ʹүүȥԡ
Ҷʢ˵ãүүǮ
ţүүԣھͳԣȻ˾Ͳóˡ
ãүүԡ
ҶһԿţҶʢҲ˵óԣоԼƷλõͬˣҶҲ͸ˣ˵ȥιڣȥιСʹţ
ûһССܹˣѯҶ½ôˣڼرġ
Ҷ½һҲģȻСʪģģûţǾڼ棬ֻϷ沣飬Ӱ飬д֣ľֵͦģСӾ͸ˡ
Ӵһ𣬾ûаʱ򣬲Ҷʢң½̫̫ңַҶСӵ
һڹ᲻ᱻˮһܺǲֵܣһΪʲôᱻƣһ貨΢ܲܶСɵѰķɵ½ҲС
һСҶ½ţôСӱҶ½ŸˣҲûȥ壬ʱСˣԼܹҶ½档
ֱˣСһܻ֮ؼˣһСʱűܹҶ½ųԣӾôֹ죬ˣһˬ࣬˯ôˡ
֮Ǽѧס·ڵҶأÿ춼ܿȺӵĺӣ߼ҳźȥгľߡ
ҶصľѾޱǰˣǿŴҶȥľˣҶʢǴҶȥһľߵ꣬ľߣ顣
ûǾ顣
ѧ֮ʣϲִľߡ顢µĸ̲ģҲִľ飬Ҷʢɽʦ˵ͦõģǾɵģ֪ʶ϶Ǿɵģ֪ʶǲʱġ
ҶʢҶؾ͵гˣڴҶɫ鱾ľ߿ʱҶظҶʢһ̯ǰ̯ǰŻ̵¸ϣ̯ҵضѻŸ߸ߵľ飬ǰһֽӣֽдһ䡪˦ĿǮһ
۽
Ҷʢʣϰ壬
ϰͷһҶʢ˵
ѡɲ
ɣ쿪ѧˣ̯ǰΧ˲ˣ̯ϰæкĹ˿ͣҶҶʢһӣү˽ǰѡɣҲˡ
ү˵ǰҶ˵ö鰡
ҶشɽʼĶǾ飬Ȼϲ£ûɵ෴أΪ飬£˱˵İϲͬĺ϶˿ɹƷʡ

⡣
һɶ׵
һ㲻鱾ɣΪүү˵֪ʶɣ֪ʶʱЩ飬е˷ܣܿͲ˷ˡ
үүûƴûƴ飬ҿҶСüͷ˵
ѧ˾ܿˡҶʢһЩµ飺˵ˣŸ粻һ»ֵ½̻ñʻֵǲǣ㲻ʶ֣һʲôͻˣ
һƫԲ׺ͱʻ
ԣһ飬һ֪ˡ
ţҶصصͷü˲չˣһˮ
ˮ䰴
hu
š
ú͡һǡĸ硣

ҶһСӡ
ҶʢͷӦš
ëɶɶɶ
ǲëɶɶɶë˼ǡ
ŶҶһ飬ŷɶɶɶɶɶɶġ
˸ֲʶҶʢŤͷҶ￴һۣ˵ɵġ
รүүôɵأ
ÿʯɵİɡҶʢŻش
ʯʲôأ
ʯǳɽʯͷ
ʯͷʯͷΪʲôпʯأ
Ϊпʰ

үһûһ˵ţž飬ʵҲ֪ıãı鲻ãûпǾѡȽµѡֺѡɣүѡʮ飬ڳһƣպð˽ҲʮǮ
ƽһǮҶʢ׬ˣֻʮǮҶһɫͼ飬ү˸߲ҵػؼңյʱҶʢѾɹһɹɱɱȻҶһһСľ鱾ôȥ鱾ϵĻҳȻøë棬ѹƽЩ޵ġ
үţ½źСӹˣСӿʮ౾˵Ҷأˡ
Ҷصͷ
ô鰡
˰
ǾɰǱ˿ġ
Ҷʢԣ֪Сͯ޼ɣﵽе㲻ܣתͷҶأҶû˿ѹΣ෴̹˵Сѧһ꼶ҲǱϹģôأ
СȻ˵ΪûϹһ꼶ѽûϹµġ
Ҷظ˵Ҳûп鰡ûпģµġ
Ҷñ˵Ļ±죬СһӱҶضµƿԣ½ЦҶʢҶʣҶأүүʵʵ˵鲻Ǿ飿
Ҷؿĵ˵Ҳѽϲ鰡ֺÿĻʡöǮֿѧϰүү㿴⻹ıʼǣĻÿɰġ
Ҷ̹̹ػشҶʢֺܣ˵ڼ￴ţүүͷٿԣ㣬顣
Ҷصͷ˵á
ҶʢЦЦ
½ſҶʢֿҶأѹѹҶһ𿴾ͼܾǸ滭֣ԻӶ²漫ˡ
СӸп˵ĺúð
Ҷ˵Ǻ
𣿡
ҺͷŸڵ￴ǲǷŸ磿
½ŵͷ˵ǡ
Ҷ½Ŷ֪СӲ֪аҲȥϸһûģһ¶Ծ£Ҷ½Ųţ̫ġܡӶĵĲˣҶʢеͻţҶٴһ㣬飬ȻѧУ˳ЦˣӰͲˡ
ҶʢҶСˣҶһ·ɳİͷ㣬ҲݵĿȻ˼ЩУֹۣͱ֮УԼĵļǿ֮Ա˵ۣ಻ϣԼСıƵġ
ʰ˾֮󣬾Ϳʼ׼ѧ¶ȻҲûժ˵¶ڶԾɺҶʢ˳ӺСȥɽժˣȻһˣ緹֮Ҷһ飬׼½һһ»ֵ䡣
½̫̫ң½̫̫ЦкСҶˡ
ҶЦ˵½̣ҷŸ翴ġ
ãáүүȥˣ
š
ô
ˡ
ã磬·أղ𣿡
ܵģвݣڲ棬žͲ棬ܺ·ġ
ѽСҶ֪ѽ½̫̫ЦݣҶغֹֽӵ
Ҷرĺܿġ
½̫̫˵ȥɣڿϷһɡ
š
Ҷر½Ÿǰ˵Ÿ磬ǿɡ
½̷ֻҶ￴
Ҷذ鱾½ſ
½ɵġ
ۣŸ磬ð˸Ȼȫʶ

Ҿֻʶүүҵģ
½죬ʣ㿴Ȿʲô
׬Ǯ
Ȿô׬Ǯˣ
Ǯ
˭˵Ȿ˵ģ
Ϊʲôиɵģ
½ŲҶطϻֻɵģ㿪ҶأⱾĴ˵ʲôġ
Ҷ󣬻Ȼءһ˵ԭ˰
ţⱾڿǿġ
ʲô
š½תص䣬ٳʱһ鱾ʮֲʧã½ֽݸҶء
Ҷؽӹ飬ĸ־ɶɶɶֻҪҶزʶֶȫɶ
½һʱûзӦһ㶣Ц˵ɶɶɶ
ÿ𣿡
ÿ½ŵͷ
Ҷط鱾˵ѽƴأͼƬ
ţʵҲƴûп
ҶַͷĸһССƴղûҲˣѾʶھͿݾˣתͷ½˵Ÿ磬һ𿴡
š
Ҷغ½߶᷿ţһΧؿ飬Ҷغֲܶʶһƴƴĸ½žԱţ䰲ģΪһ㵭⣬רעĺõĲ񻰡
ʱͻȻͨһҶ½ͬʱһ㶡


65 
žǡӴһ, Ҷ½һ, ͬʱٳܣһ۾Ϳᵹڵصĵ, վ½̫̫
̣
½̣
Ҷ½ŸϽȥ½żʣ̣ˤĶˣ
ûûˤĶ
Ҷʣ۲ۣ
۲ۡ½̫̫Ц˵û¶û¶, ͻһ¡
ôỬأ
Ҹղȥ, ·ϿСǰ챻紵ˣľ֧һ, ͷܻԽϾͲ˵, ղûע, ͻһ£קס˵ӣӵˣڵˡ
˵ˡ½ű˵ſ
½̫̫һ½ţ֪½ǵԼȳǻ½ҶذԼɳš
Ȼ, ϻڣ½̫̫Ļǵ£ɳȣ, ЩƤˡ
½üͷ˵ˡ
Ҷ˵Ϳҩ
½̫̫Ц˵û¶һˣȥҩͿһ¾ˣ֪ҩĶɣ
½ŵͷվ᷿ߣٳʱҽҩ䣬ҽҩ򿪣½̫̫֣ظ½̫̫ҩҶؾȵ۾˵Ÿ磬β
½̫̫˵ᣬ̸ˣͻˡ
½ŵҲ½̫̫ԾΪӵĴıģûһ½Ϊ½̫̫˿ڣʱ½үӻˣ˵½̫̫ˤˣҪȥҽԺ塣
½̫̫˵û¶ˤһ£˵Ƥû¶ġ
ҲȥҽԺһ£ڱȲˣˤһ¿ܻˤ
ˤʲôⲻǺúõ𣿡
巴ӦҪʱҿȥҽԺĸƬӱȽϺá
ұ㶮Ķ࣬Ҷûиоۣ¶ģİɣİɡ½̫̫ȷʵûôˤͨקӣѵקڵˣֺСȶǱӲƤ˵Ƥ
½̫̫ϵĲ˸½үӿ½үŷģҲ½̫̫ɻˣ½̫̫Ъһоﲻ˵ߣȥ
½үҪҶүү˵Ҫ۶ܸ鷳½̫̫ҳ˺ܶٷˣٳˣǺ½˵ټ½̫̫´СģҪˤˣ㱧šɡҪߡ
½˵һ¡
Ҷػͷ½š
½Ž᷿ʱݸҶأ˵ûؼҿɡ
㲻𣿡
ö࣬Լҡ
Ǻãһؼˡ
š
ҶرؼңһҾͰѡҶʢҶʢ֣ûףҶϲģʮָˡ
Ǹû飬ʶҲͲѧˣõģĽҶΰҶκҶϼʱƴ׬Ǯϣѧɵġ
ҶΰûǸӣҶӺʹǲϣҶϼϲ飬̫Ϊ룬ĻᣬûһƴѧҶʢһᡣ
񿴵ҶغǶϣϲʤϳ˷֮Ҷһʳιιţʹڣүһϴϴ裬˷䡣
Ȼɽ򻹴ϻУˬѾҪˣó滹еģҶʢһҪ㡣
ҶغʣүүΪʲô㰡Ƕ˯ˣ˷Ѱ
ҶʢЦ˵ղŲ˵Ҫڵ¿Ҫڵ¿ĻͲҧġ
มҶغٺЦ
Ҷʢ㣬СӣϷţҶڵµǰ飬ҶʢֳŨȤҶؾͺҶʢ򵥽ˡ˵һͷ
ǰ
ţرá
үү˵˵ôˣ
ҶغҶʢ˵Լ֪ģȻſǰһһֵƴһҶʢ룬ǸõĵطܰɰĲֵףи¸²ݵĶ죬б任ͬļڣ̫ůȥڸеû仯֩İзϵζֵó޵Ķ
ҶصۣƺҲֵ˼УҶʢҡƵѿȣһɹɵС磬ҶظǰתĽܵƵƹүϣƽ˼顣
ҶרĵƴŶš
ҶʢԱſţˣ͵гյ̨ƣյǫ̃ƣרŸҶ϶õģôһ룬̨¶͹Ҷʢ
ջ˼ҶʢҡѿȣҶض飬ŵʱҶʢ˵Ҷأŵˣ˯ɣٶɡ
Ҷתͷ˵ŵ˰
ǰ˯𳤸ӡ
ãҰһ꣬Ǿ˯
У
ҶذԼոƴõһ仰һһ飬Ȼ鱾˵ˣүү˯ɡ
˯
ҶʢĻеѾҶҶʢ˵үүԺ·Ҫһ㣬찡½̽ϵûŪɾͻһ£ڵˣֶˡ
Ҷʢһ㶣ʣ½̽컬ˣ
Ҷصͷ绬ġ
ôû˵أ
ˣ½ûлǻһ£ѵˣȻڵˣֺСȶǲһƤŸҩˣ½̺½үү˵û¶
Ҷʢһ˵û¶ͺãû¶ͺãˤˡ
ţүүԺ·ҲҪע⣬ʱŪɾߣ֪𣿡ҶһС˵ӽҶʢ
ҶʢһЦ˵֪֪ˣ˯ɣʱСӺŸ϶˯ˣǸҹèӡ
ţھ˯ھ˯
ҶذҶʢߣүүԴſŵӣֻСǰžһϣһֻӱˣžžӴһɶҲһֻˣ˵ˣүү˯ɡ
֧ʿʼӴӵĻҶһҶãҶؾôӺȤԼСˣžž£ӣڵԴϲغڣڣҳظ磬죬ҳظ硣
ڱҶϰˣ˿
ҶʢԱѣ˵ˣˣϴϴ֣˯ɣˡ
ҶʢֵͲſڴҶ·Ҷ˳ֵͲĹâܵˮͷǰϴС֣ܻţЬӣ·һӡͼСã˱̺
Ҷʢ˵ԼǺˣҵš
ãүүҶ̱۾
ţҶʢǰû˵ϰߣҶظŵӵӰѧģѧ˾ãʮˣҲ鿪ʵҶشе߳ˡ
ȷҶظǺ̺ӣ壬׼ص˯ʱԺͻȻѾٵĴھվ
Ҷ֮۾һ
Ҷʢ˵һ䣺ڣУ

ҶҶʢϸһԺһҶϸ磬Ҷϸ磬˯𣿡
ҶʢҶ˵ˣ½үү
ҶʢҲ½үӵӦһ֮ɻ½үôʲô¶϶ʲô¶ϽתͷҶ˵ú˯
ҶʢֵͲȥˡ
˦Ŷβ̸ͣҶʢܳȥ


66 
Ҷڴ, ⴫үү½үүĶԻݴٴ, Ҳ, Щż, 𴲱ߵ·ҪʱҶʢŴڻˡ
үүҶغʣ½үү𣿡
š
ʲô
үү¶ҶʢֽĵƸˣ˵˵½, ˳ȥҽԺƬ鿴һ, 粻һܻ, Ұæŵš
Ҷе㷴Ӧ, һʣ½ˣ
š
ô
ˤһˤ, ڲзӦ
Ҷʢ·ʼ, ҶظϽʣүү㴩·ʲô
ȥţҪ, һӿܻẦ¡
Ҳȥ
ȥ, ڼ˯ɡ
ȥ, ȥŸ˯, ŸͲˡ
Ҷʢϸһ룬ȥ½ˣҶһڼҿҲẦ£, ǵͷ˵·ߡ
ҶظϽԴ·Ҷʢ֣ŻƵ·Ƴ½̫̫ߣԺſʱԺŽա
Ҷʢͳ½үӸԿףһԺţﴫ½ẉ̂
Ҷ̺Ÿ磡ңҶء
½Ŵɫ˯£ӿҶүүҶأôˣ
½үүǹˡҶȿ˵½үү˵½ۣ԰½ҽԺƬӣ㺦£Ǿ͹ˡ
½Ų
Ҷʢʣţʲôѵģ
½˵үүߵʱѵġ
Ҳ֪
֪
û¶Ҷʢ˵˾ͷˣŶע⣬ȥҽԺһ¾û¶ˣҪģǾͻˡ
½ŵͷ
Ҷ߹½ŵ֣˵Ÿ磬㺦£Һүү㡣Ժһгˡ
½ŵͷ
Ҷʢӽ᷿Ҷ½˯ϣڴߣҶʣүүҲ˯
Ҷʢ˵үү˯үүһҪؼҡ
춼ôˣһ·ƾˣͿ·ˣүүؼҸʲô
ͷţ
ţԼﲻ𣿡
һ͵أ
ǰţǣ
ǣ˨Ķ
Ǿһȥţ
ղҶҶʢû뵽½ŻѣԾʹҶع½ţ½ˣǿ԰½ŴؼҰҶʢ½ʣţԸ⵽Ҷүү˯𣿡
½ŵͷ
Ҷʢ½ųŶϣԺҲϣֵͲӻؼңҶʢҶ½˯һһСһҲˡ
ڶһһȥղˣҶʢ˹ԻԣΪ½̫̫½ү緹ӦûˣûС
Ҷʢơ
Ҷ½Ҳ֣Ҷʣүү½ô
Ҷʢ룺ϵ˰ҹڻ˯ɣ
˯˾͸û˰ɣ
Ҷʢͷ
ҶתͷͰο½˵Ÿ磬ˣҲ½½үү̫ˣҽԺ˯ˣ˯ˣͻˡȥǼҰѴ󻨺СιˣȻǻ໽еġ
󻨾Ǵ󻨹СҶ½ŵļֻСιֻһĸѾ
ҶʢӻȥѴ󻨺Сιһιöˡ
½ŵͷ
Ҷظ½һ½̫̫ңҵι˴С֮ӾڼһΪ½ү½̫̫ǰСʱȥˣǻûл
Ҷ½Щй½üͷ΢
Ҷ˵Ÿ磬ȻҼҰɣ˵½үүҼңүү˵ء
½ŵͷ
ҶʢңҶʢһɹ˸ɣһƬƬһһĲ˸ɶʯͷϣıɹʱ½Ҷϻûл绰ҲûдҶʢҲɻˣǲǳʲô¶
תͷҶ½ʱҶغƽʱһ½Щأǵ̣Ҳ⣬ǰ½ҷգʲôҲ⣬ҲȬˣȻ̶ܸܵԼ۰Ҷʢ밲ο䣬ȻҶԴ⿴
ҶʢתͷԺ⣬ԺͣһɫĳӣӦҶ½Ѿܵߣؿɫӡ
ʱɫŴ򿪣һ˴ӳ˳һСϳǡ½־ϡ
ϴ½־ϻ½ҶϺ½ţ˳һҪС¶ŭ½ţ½̫̫ߣôöûйˣڼ绰½̫̫¶½̫̫ͬ⣬ûã½־ϾȻСˡ
¶ҶʢǴ½̫̫˵ģôö֪½־ˣֱ½̫̫ܲˤô򵥡
Ҷ塣½־òغһ
־ϰҶʢǰӭӣ˰¶֪𣿡
֪һ·ġ
ҶʢɫһʣôˣҪסԺ
š½־ϵͷ
ˤĻǣ
ˤû¶ǲĲ
ʲô
һְҪסԺơ
ҶʢɫˣҶ½Ȼ㣬ǹڡҲţ֮ɫһ֣Ҳˡ
ǡҶʢ֪ôӻˡ
½־ϸϽ˵õģֵ磬ҽ˵ȫ㣬ʱ䳤㡣
Ҷʢ겻ѣôֲ
ʹˣòСǴ󲡣ˤֵ硣ҪһϣȵʱȽ鷳½־ȻϲףǶԴĸҲû˵˿Ҳһǡ
ҶʢҲ̫ˣҽ˵κã϶κãĺãȿ˲飬˵ү̺úõġ
½־ϵͷţҶҾͲ˵ȥʰʰ·ȥҽԺ
Уȥʰžš
Ҵߡ
һҶ½ͬʱһؿ½־ϣ½־˵ùöҽԺҲðȥ
ʲôʱأ½壬ǻѧѽҶذʡ
½־Ҷصͷ˵϶ѧ
Ҷһ½š
һֱĬĬ˵½ţȥʹ½־ϣǴʱ˿ҲԸ½־ϣҶ˵Һܿͻ
Ҷصͷ˵ҵ㡣
š
ҶҶʢ½Ҹ½̫̫ңʰĻϴ·ƷȻӦչ½̫̫ҵļʹ󻨹½Ҹ͵·ڡ
½־˵Ҷ壬鷳ˣǾȥҽԺˡ
ȥȥɣʲô绰
ãллҶ塣
ÿˡ
½־ţ˵ϳ
½ſҶء
Ÿ磬ϽϳɡҶػС˵̵ĲǶһѧ
½ŵͷ˳ڡ
½־ϺҶʢӻ֣뿪ʧ˺ɫӣҶʢ̾ϢһҶʣүүôˣ
Ҳûʲô¶ҶʢЩϵ˵Ǿð޳
үү޳ʲô˼
ϵ¶ûй̶ģҲǣ
үү
ҶʢЦˣ˵ûϵðߣǻؼȥ
󻨺Сô죿
ǵʱι
áҶҶʢ֡
үؼ·һЩھӣк˵˵ЦЦ͵˼ңһҾͿԺſڵСӣСӺҶأ
СӡҶ޾ɵӦһ
СܹʣҶأôˣ
ûôҶƵػش
ûôôû񰡡
ΪŸˡ
ȥĶˣ
ȥҽԺˡ
ˣ
½ˡ
һһ˵ţҶʢҲɿҶص֣ԺæµһЩֲ¶ɽɽµ߲˹Ϲ˲٣ҲҪʼ׼߲ˣ϶ݫġײ˵ȵȣеĶУе괺УҪ½µصġ
ҲҶʢƵ׼ҶСҲŰæȥɽ°βֲˣڶϾȥղˣ죬½Żûл
ɽСϿѧŨÿ춼д»ߴӳĴСӣÿӶһװŵҵ
еĺҵˣеĺҵû꣬Ҷ岩Ҷ岩ٶ棬ȥǶ棬ȥ˾Ƕ棬ϻԴϴҶʢҶΰѣҶϼȥҶΰҪծ֮ҶΰҶ岩ҶҶʢ鷳
෴أҶʢ»ҶأҶʢ¶鷳ҶϼǶӣֵУͲҶʢҶԶԶġ
ҶΰҶ岩ҪҶ棬ҲҪҶ֣Ҷ岩ȻӦҪҲΪҶ岩۸ҶضûûҶغʹֱȲСӺ½ţʱҶˣҶذ죬ȻҶء
ö֮ͲҶ鷳ˣҵû꣬˺ҳҶΰ֣Ժ򣬴໽С
ҶСһһ㶵ġ
Ҷʢ˵һ䣺ûд꣬㲻źд𣿹ʲôء֮Ҷʢ֪ԼҲͦʧܵģҲ˼Ҷΰ¾ͲˣҶʢתͷҶء
ҶظϽ˵үүѧˣҵҶǰд!
Сӽһ䣺Ҳᡣ
ҶʢЦˡ
Ҷؼһ䣺ŸҲᣡŸرģ
С˵ͿѧˣŸ絽ڻ˵ѧˡ
ôܣ
ôܣͿѧˣٲͲܱˣܱϲһ꼶ˣʦͲҪˡ
ҶûϹһ꼶ʹ󲿷ֺһѡʦΪһʥϵĴڣѧʱʦȨҪѧҶһ¾ͻˣСʣүүŸôŸʲôʱ
Ҷʢæ˴ţţݣ׿ʯǰ̣֮˵Ӧþͻˡ
᲻᲻ѧ
϶ᣬְùù÷Ǵѧ֪ܿʶ϶ѧϺܺõѧУ
ҶˣתͷͺС˵ûУŸ϶ѧġ
Сûʲôɷģ˵ôأ
Ϳˣ˵ͻˡ
ðɡ
СҲˡ
Ҷ˶ˣվԺһһɫĳӴ·ʻҶһ˳½־ϣĵشУŸ磬ǷŸˣ
ҶʢСһɫӻǳ½̫̫ҵķʻҶʢʮֹ½̫̫ϽԺţһ½̫̫ߣԶԶؿӳ߳½үӡ½־ϡ壬½š
½Ŷţп㣬ԴԺߣҶػ½Ѿ߽ԺˣҶֻøҶʢԺſڡ
Ҷʢ־ϡ
½־ϿҶʢϽӭӣҶ壬ˡ
ţôˣ
һֱܺãС
ʲôʱܳԺ
½־ϳƬ̣˵Ժء
ô𣿡
ţ˵ܵ
κþСҶʢͦп¶֪½˶ܣ㲻⣬ת˵ڻΪѧ¶
ţ岻ãҰֻҪչˣʱ˲ţŲҲˣҪߣʵСѧѧǱߵĽѧ涼Ҳ裬ҲʹӦˡ
ҶСͬʱһҶʢƽͲµһʣͬ𣿡
ͬⰡˣǲͬҲûа취үү彡ѧԺתԣүү̶ҪչˣͬҲаҶ壬˵ǲǣ
ҶʢĬصͷ
Ҷػһʣ½壬Ÿ粻һѧѽ
½־˵ûչ
Ÿ粻չˣŸԼչԼ
½־Цˡ
Ҷʢ˵Ǻӻ־ϱ⡣
û¶
ȥŰɡ
źá
ҶʢҶСߵһۿ˶᷿ſڵĹ壬ŷ˵ţŴ򿪣ʲôһģ
᷿˿ûзӦ
תͷҶʢˣЦŴкؿҶأ˵СҶˡ
ţ˰̣Ÿ
ǰ˭
ǷŸΪʲô
Ը⵽ѧ
ǲȥѧŸ粻Ͳˡ
ҶءҶʢҶصĺӻЦʹ壺裬ʲôʱߣ
üͷ΢ɣʰʰȥʵСѧѧѾУк׼ʱȥ


67 
˵, ½־Ҳˣź½ż, ᷿ڵ½˿Ӧ, ½־̾Ϣһ˵˵Ҷ˵ˣʱ, һ°ɡ
ü, ½־ϣĵؿŷš
Ҷʢͷ
Ҷ, ʱ˳ӹ, СӳԷ, Ҷʢ¶˳, ҶأҶأүүһؼ𣿡
Ҷԥһ, ˵үү, һؼҡ
ô
Һͳˡ
Ҷʢ½־Ϻ͹塣
ȿ˵СҶԿɣСҶصĻˡ
½־˵ܹһ档
ҶʢųҶصͷ
ҶسǰһſŷϺŸ, Ÿ, Ÿ, ˵Ҷذ
꼸ϸҶؼ˵Ҷؾſ˵Ÿ, 㿪ţȥҼҳԷȥҼѽȥɽϰβݰȥɽ氡Ŵڴһѽڴڶ´ˣŸ磬š
šһˣ½ųγӣҶؿδŭЩˣҶˣҶȣСŸ硣
ߡ½̧ͳߡ

½־ϺȥĶȥҶүүš
ʲôȥ棬ɶû𣿡Ӳؿڡ
½־һ±סڨڨסڡ
Ҷʢһˣ֪½־ϹѾ飬岻½־ϣ½־ǰڹǰʮûе¶ģҲǱ˼ҵ¶ҶʢҲͲʣתУ˵žǶ棬û¶ġ
½־ϲ˵
Դ½ž״̬תãԸӹ绰ʼ徭½Ŵ绰½ŵǸѵ½źͽ⡣
žͿʼֲԼ½ŵĺԣͬʱ˽½ŵ֪½رҶʢһңϲҶء
ԣÿθ½ʱҶҲһݣԸ½ź͵ůҶദϾֻһˣҶһҲһӶˡ
С飬һʮܻ꣬ҪãҶʢò˵Ҷ壬žʹˡ
ҶʢЦ˵ʲô⺢رԣƽʱҲæء
˭Һӱ䶼ģЦˡ
Ҷʢ˵ææɣˡ
Ҷߡ½־һҶʢ
áҶʢӦһҶأͷһҶСӶߵԺſһӶ׷½ȥˣֻø½־ϣ˳һߡ
ӴʱѾһ𣬿½ſСû˵ҶغŸ硣
½ûӦ
Ҷ˵Ÿ磬ϳԷ𣿡
½ڿڣˡ
ԵĹ𣿡
ǡ
ԵĶ𣿡
ǡ
Եʲô
κţ̡
Ҳϲκţ̵ġ
½ԿҶء
Ҷ̳½һЦ˵ڶϾͳ緹ˣҼҳԷòãүү˵ǳ棬ܺóԣÿˮˣˮｵ£Ȼ̳϶ǡ˿ӡѿöˣúóԣҲҼҳԺòã
½ŵͷ˵á
仰֮ӵҶʢңҶʢ˳˳ӺСӻؼҳԷСҶؿֱˮҶһԡ
˳ӵҶʢ̫ôˣʵڲ˼鷳ҶʢӲСӣСˣҶʢҲûҡͷʧЦתͷҶأ˵棿
Ҷ̬ȼᶨš
Уһ棬Ҳ
½ŵͷ
һССӣڳſժˣһǣʶСΣŽѶѿβҲŽƤƤһƬһƬ
Ҷÿ춼Ҷʢ൱졣½Ȼ裬ȴҲģӶͷɻ̫ܵӰӣϣΪס⣬һ紵˿⣬ķΡ
ҶʢҲΪʶ죬ϵĵӶ˵ˣʼղˡ
Ҷ˵ջ𡣡
С
ߣŸ磬һ𡣡
Ҷ½ǰĻȶˣ½ҲȶˣҶſڣʣŸ磬ҪҪȥѧ𣿡
½Ų
Ҷ˵ȥ𣿡
Ҷʢӻȥ˭չ
չ
Ҷʢ
½Ҷء
Ҷ˵Ÿ磬չ㣬ȥˡ
½ŵͷ
ҶأϹ˵Ҷʢֲһ䡣
Ҷطûк˵
չ𣿡
ܡ
ôչˣ
ҿԺͷŸһѧһѧһ棬һҵһ˯
ųԷôϴ·ô죿ҳô죿ô죿ѧУô죿
Ҷʢһһ׳ҵҶƿԣؿ½ţ½žǿ˵ҾͲȥ
Ҷؿ½ţֿҶʢ
ʱˣҶʢ̽ˮٵˮ߲ˣҶ½һʢһ룬ҶùӾҪԣ½ȴ
Ÿ硣Ҷغ
½Ų
Ÿ磬԰
½ҡͷ
Ҷʢһ½ţ̾Ϣһ룬⺢ӿ񰡣ʲôأССϲãҲд˵ΰȰ½ȳԷѧ¶ͷ˵
үһȰ½ţ½ųԷ극֮һ£һ˯½һֱں½˿⣬ûԺû˯ãҶʢ˺ܶ࣬ɵҶشϾ˯ˣȵҶʱ½Ż˯Ҷʢȴˡ
Ҷ´ϣЬӣߵԺҶʢԺ﷭̲Ҷ
Ҷʢϲ̣ΪҶصĹϵûǰôƵˣǻԼȦһСضЩҶƽʱҲģѾ죬͸ԼϴǿģʱҶҲæ
ʱ̲ҶѾƣҶʢź̴ؿҶ߹ʣүүҶ𣿡
ˣˡ
Ҵɽϻա
ţû𣿡
ûСҶ˵춼û˯á
Ϊʲô
ڲϲְˡ
ϲ𣿡Ҷʢʡ
ϲҲġ
϶ġҶʢߵµʯţ˵һ㸸ĸۺӵġ
ǷŸø𣿡ҶҶʢʣ߲𣿡
а
Ϊʲô
ҶʢĬһ̹ʯϿ£ĳ̲㽫̴ŵһߣ˵Ҷذżʹ겻ߣҲߣ겻ߣҲߡ
Ϊʲô
ΪŸĺӲһҾãԺáĸݾߣִĸĸ϶ǻõĽȾѧУ
ɽСѧҲãǱȲȲϵ۶ģԺſ϶ҲõѧУõĽܻⶼĸõ·ߣôԺ󳤴һˣҲѡ·ߣΪ·ٺòˡ
ҶţүүЩƶǶЩҲƶǶĳЩƺһ
ҶʢҶصС˵ԺҶҲܺúܺõ·ġ
ôߣ
úѧϰ֪ʶԸıˡ
ҿŸô𣿡
ԵġɱǰƽˣҲˡñŬСҶʢĦҶصС˵Ҷأүү˵ЩүүҲ֪ܲүүҪ˵ڲԺ϶ᶮˡ
Ҷصͷ
Ҷʢ˵ʶԼͱ˵ĲͬԼŬԼǰ죬үүʱ򣬲ǿһ仰үүģ𣿡
ˡ
үү
ı磬ҵʧ⿪ʼ˵ʼĵơǸ˵ĺܶ಻ҶǴӡҡʼ
ԡҶʢͷүү֪ʱ˵ЩԲԣ㶮ģ㶮̫硣ŵ¶ˣүүֲò˵˵Ĳͬүүס㣬Զı䲻ˣ㣬ҲĳɫҪѹҪƽ⣬ҲҪйԼԼˣͬߵҪλá𣿡
ҪԼ
ţΪʲôô𣿡
Ҷصͷ
үү˵˵Ϊʲô
ΪûչΪҪϸõѧУҶ˵˵ƲˣǷŸˣҾûзŸ˰
ôأԺرˣŸ硣
𣿡
ġ
ҪúŬ
ԣҪޡҶʢҶصζӳ£ʵĻҶ˵
˵кܶܶΣǲԸıģ˵ܶСӵڴ˿תͷģ˵СҪ˻ģ˵Ҳû취ġҶʢ̾Ϣһ§Ҷ˵ϴϴ֣ȥɽϰβȥ
Ÿ绹ûѡ
׼ˣˡ
á
Ҷϴ֮󣬹Ȼ½ˣĵغŸ磡
½Ӧһ
Ÿ磬ϴϴȥɽϣɽڿˣ
á
ϴ֮ҶʢųͷŴǰ棬Ҷ½ں棬ţ½ŲϹŵֻˣǹĵ绰ҪҪ鶼ߣֱӹ˵绰
ɽ߲˼βݵʱ򣬵绰ˣ½ûйҵ绰ɽҶضСӣȥ½Աߡ
½Űŵ绰ͷº͵
ҶذԱߣ̧ͷգģƲʰװ׵ģرÿȶ졢ĶÿһԲؿţֱ½Źϵ绰
ʣŸ磬Ҫ𣿡
½Ų
Ÿ磬߰ɡ
½ſҶء
ҪǲߵĻﶼûչġүү˵ȥѧУرãرõѧУѧرõĶҶر˵лУ㲻һֱһߣԺܺһˡ
½־ϹΪ¶½½ŻںǵģֻҶ˵˵裬˵һ½ͷһֱûģҶҲҪҶ˵Ǿͼˡ
ԵģҳˣҾȥ㣬Һүү˵ˣҪúѧϰҳˣǹҶ֮ţʱҺģҾͿȥˡ
½졣
Ÿ磬ҪѧĻ˶û֪СӵҪ˵Ļ˶ġ
½ŵͷǲ
Ÿ硣
½̧ͷҶأʣ᲻ң
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ԺҲҪ𣿡½ʡ
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ˡҶطſ˵Ǿô˵ˡ
½Ҳջ֣ͷ
ҶеѹҪһѹɽɽʵɽȪһһһģգգ۾ԶʱĹ½־ϡ


68 
˰̺½ˡҶ˵
½Զȥ, ȵ½־Ҷ½ŶվˣҶʢкҪҶʢβݡ
ҶʢĻù˰β, ˵һְȰһ½, Ͱ, ˶֪½ܹҶҶʢİ, ֮, ڷ궩һϯҶҶʢ
˳С˳ҲˣŰҶϼ, Ҷϼһ˲, Ҳˡ
ҶʢǾܾ, 뵽½ž, ֪ԺûһԷĻ, ҲʹӦˣӾɽ⻻ɾ·˳Сӣ½һһ˾ɽꡣ
ɽǾɽõķˣװȻȲϴ, Ȼãϰ˵ã˳Եڵġ
Ըʱ򣬹½־϶ԲƣҶʢҶص˱ʾл
˳ʱſʣʲô½ϸ½ɩӲˣ
½־˵ʱˡ
Ϊʲô
ĲһʱβãκˣҲҪע𸴷סϵĻҽԺȽԶ鷳׷ӣҽԺԶҲ㣬ʱ
ˣҲûа취¶ˣˣɵþЩпˣκþˣزԺ
ţģԺɣԺ¶˭Ҳ˵׼½һҲ½־϶˲ͬĿ
˳ʣҲ͸ˣ
ţǱ߽ʦԺһЩ
ҲǣôȥһѧУҲкô
š½־ϵͷ
ʲôʱߣ
졣
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ûʰʰһ½־ϼһ䣺뾡ߣ컹ҪȥҽԺ
УҪˣǾǡ
½־Ц˵òãԺӦûǻġ
˳Ӻ½־ţһһģ޷ǾһЩҳҶʢżϼ䣬Ҷ½СΧһԣ˶ϲԵģ⡢ŹǡϺģʳСʱرǳ
ӳԵĶر𻶣ҶأҶؿٵسһֲ֮󣬾ͻ˵Ÿ磬Ÿ磬رóԣ𣬳óԡ
ҶָĶ½žͼĶÿҶػ½ŰϺһԵСӿ˵ҶأϺúðҰ¡
½Ⱦܾ
Ҷؿ½һֿۣС˵СӣԼԼ
С˵ôԼأ
ҶԴ˵ҺͷŸԼѽ˾Լѽ
СԶԡ
ҶŤͷСſ½Ŷ˵Ÿ磬Ҷõġ
½죬ͷ
СӰҶ½һۣԼϺûһֺҶ½ŴһƬֺǺǵس֮󣬳һҹĻѾ١
˻ҶʣŸ磬컹ժ𣿡
š½ŵͷ


½ŸŰְˣҶҲҶʢ˼ңι˼ţϴϴ裬ڴϵʱҶʢ̲סʣȰȥˣ
Ҷػش𣺡ţΪŸϲҲϲһԼϲ¶ܿģҪŸҲġ
ҶʢЩɬ
Ҷؼ˵үү˵ѧУϵĺãŸô϶ҪϺõѧУ
أ
ҳˣԿϺѧУġ
ԣҼҶԺǳΪҶ֮ŵġ
š
ԡҶʢҶصС˵˯ɣźúһ졣
šҶ̱۾
ҶʢڴϣȥΣŽ˯ڶϣСɽȥһȥгҶر𰮳ԵĹһ߸˵ػˣһȥˣʱ½־Ϲˣ½ߡ
½һ㶡
ҶСҲˣǼƻúһ죬½ߵģϾҪˡ
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½־˵ȥкܶ¶Ҫæ
ǷŸ綼ûг緹Ҷһ»ˣ˵óԹ緹߰
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½־½ų½̫̫ߡ
ҶСѹظں棬Ҷʢ˳ҲУ˺һҶͻȻŸ磡
½Żͷ
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½̵ͷ
Ҳม
š
ҶЦˣתܣҲҶʢСӵĺî㾢ǰܣܵţƿԺţ򿪷ţŷɫСǮޣͷҲصгϱ
ڸϽȥ
һһܵгϣгͷܶҶشڸͷСһûȺУҲΪͷСȺﴩʮַ㣬ŷɫСֱֱرһߵ꣬һ۾Ϳ˻ϵһˣߺʮֲͬʮʸУͨȥƴսʿ
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Сѣܹġ
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Ҷ˵ִ󷽣ǱŸĸ֣ǰѻװ˸ҶأҶûнӣڵԴӲңٵЩѾһ·ͷ󺹣СҲǺǿٲ
ѷɫСˤˣǷŸ͸İ᲻ãǮżؿϰ˵壬ңǮϲϲһҷŸҪˣҾ
ϰ屻ҶصȾ̲סǰֽҶز֣ҶסɫСҶרĿǮһӲ˳С׻عϿһֵʮģ˻˵ǮɫСĶҲտյˡ
Ҳ⣬һֱŷɫСһ§Ż˿ٳܣڼΪ첲̫죬˶ˤڵϣܡ
δܵſڣͿſͣŵĺɫСԼʯͷϵ½ţ½ԴȰߣҶʢſڵʯͷһҲ
ҶشһŸ磡
½תͷ۾漴ٿһվҶܹ
Ҷؽ˳½Ż͡
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ʲôʱӦҵģ
Сʱ򰡡ҶֱֻŷɫС˵ʱûǮϻһˣ˵Ǯˣ͸ģǮˣȻȫˡ
½ŻˣͻȻĬ
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ԱߵĺɫӣҶزٴӿʣŸ磬Ҫˣ
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ţÿζ£Ҷû˵
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ǡǶҪúѧϰһΪҶ֮ţرˡ
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½ҶҲЦˣЦĺȴϡ
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Ÿ磡
ҶءҶʢں溰
Ҷ׷Ź˸䣬ԽԽԶŬ׷һ׷ˣŸ磬ҪҰŸ磡
ڳϵ½Żͷ͸󵲷粣ܲҶأٿһֱź󵲷粣ǸСӰкȻɹҶصĻ桪ҶغŸ磬ҶȥŷݣҶ͸ԣҶر˯һֱҶͷ󺹣͵С
Żˣžžવڰװϣ޵ϢһԵĹ۵§½ţ󵲷粣ʱҶѾһСڵ㡣
СڵҶأ§ŷɫСؿǰǰаƣȴûӰͻȻһƬ
񡢺ŸһߣͲˣվſԶĬĬ˵Ÿ磬ҪҰŸ磬㲻ҪˣŸ磬Ҫúõİ
Ÿ硣ỽһֲһ£תߣ߲߱ᣬһ̧ͷүү˹±ӣ΢˵үүŸˡ
үү֪
ǣҲߡ
үү֪
ҶʢҶ§ҶأҶүүصؿŸ粻һѧˡ


69 
Ҷؿ޵ĺġ
ҶʢҲûȰ, Ҷصĺףζӳ£֪֮飬ÿ˶ᾭֹһ, ֻҶؾıȽ϶࣬ҲȽ硣
Ҷؿ, ſ˵, үүؼҰɡ
Ҷش˸ã˵á
Ҷʢϵ˫, ĨҶϵˮ, ˵ؼһ£Ҫѧˡ
Ҷصͷ
߰ɡ
š
ҶʢҶصС֣һص, ҶʢһԺæһЩֲ˵顣
ҶرŷɫС, ʯͷϿ, ʵһжǰһ, үүڡţСǶһ, ־ʲôһԼҲ˵ãִһãֱλε̫Ժ룬ֹס
ſҶʢҶʢ, ȭᴷһʵһϽǰһֱŷɫСһȭҶʢ
Ҷʢ֪Ҷѹ衢Ž뿪϶ԽܣòһҶʢûдҶأҶԼĲЦתͷ˵ˣԣòã
Ҷصͷ
ʲôأ
ҶƵػش𣺡档
棿
ţŸ˵úóԵġ
Уٳһ棬ˣͲܳˡ
š
ټӵ㼦˿һ裬óԡ
áҶصͷ
ҶذѷɫС·ŵϣүүһ緹緹ھɽæʱСֹˡ
СιǰҶժֲˣҶһѧ¶С˵ǵȱȻ顣
Ҷ˵֪
Լȥ𣿡
үү˵һȥΪʽʽһѧүүҡ
ҲǣүүҲҡ
š
׼𣿡Сʡ
׼ʲôҶطʡ
׼ϰǦʣ
ҶУװһ¾ˡ
ţѧУ
Ҷصͷ
Сɽ£̾Ϣһ˵ҪҲھͺˣѧð
Ҷգ۾գȥ˸У˵ŸҲѧġ
ţҲһѧˡ
šҶصͷͬΪһ𡱶д⣬ÿ
СӻǿҶĵ䣬Ҷصļ˵ҶأѹԺһѧ۸㣬ҰǣҺǿ׳ģǳˣһƴѧܺһѧУˡ
ҶؿСЦˡ
ҶһЦСҲˣ˵㻹ȥ𣿡
쿪ѧүү˵ˣȥѧУˡ
ã˵ϿΣҰ˵ʮ֣ѧУſڵ㣬Ҫ絽ˣ˵ʮѧУſڵңòã
á
ҶˣСӿֵػؼˣûһҲˣҶҶʢũߣŴڻصңյûãͽӵҶϼĵ绰
˵ϾͿѧˣѯҶ׼ûУҶϼҶʢҶؽ˵绰Ҷ˵˺һ
ϵ绰֮ҶеůڵºҶʢʰ쿪ѧˡ
ҶشӹóԼرصӡɫܣ½͸ʸзǳãСذŵϣľߺС顢ϰ
Ҷʢ˵ϰˣոù˵ˣȥ飬һǲϿεġ
Ҷԣְѹϰͳ
ҶʢǰҶصĻڱֽ׼ˣΪһԼĻڱҲϣûнӴѧ¶ˣѧǼʥ¶
رԼŪʲôˣϵһλʦ˵绰ȷԼû©ŰģתͷҶʱҶŵ绰Ҷء
Ҷؿ
ôˣ
軹ûд绰
ڼӰ࣬ǵһȡ
š
Ҷعɵڴߡ
Ҷʢ䡣
֮үɵϣʱѾ˵ʮˣү˯ʱˣޱĵ绰û
ҶתͷŴͷϵĵ绰ͻȻ绰ˣҶһ㶣ҶʢȽ͵绰˶˵˵һȻѵ绰ݸҶأЦ˵㣬绰ˡ
Ҷ̽󺰣裡
Сء˶˾Ϥ
裬°ˣ
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ţ㻹ڼӰడ
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۲۰
ۣ蹤ܿĵģѧУͿѧˣҲҪһ꼶ˡ
ţ裬Ÿ粻һ꼶ˣŸȥѧˡҶѹ˵ޱ
ޱڱ˶˵ûϵģŶرԺ϶õĴѧʱܹһѧģҪѹ
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ԣúѧͲ˵ˣ˯軹ȥæ谮㡣
裬Ҳ㡣
Ҷһ˵꣬Ǳߵ绰͹ˣҶе䣬ôæµܹ绰־úҸˣǺүү˵һ˯
ڶϣҶҶʢûȥժˣʱҶʢճȥܣ˻緹緹ʱϱ˺ǵƽ˿ѧķΧ
Ҷϡ̧˵үүҪѧˡ
Ҷʢͷ˵ԣʱ仹ء
š
ҶؼԣԺ⺢Ǻ˷һֱϣҶҶʢںǵߴߴг緹
ҶذʰҶʢϴ֮ҶزſʣүүҪȥѧУ𣿡
Ҷʢ˵ߡ
ҶظϽ
Ҷʢˣһ£ּһԼڴǮ˵߰ɡ
ߡҶسǰһߣھ͸ϣתͷ˵үүҡ
ž͸ŰɣһѧУţٴҶʢһ۽ҶصĴڣε˵
ǺðɡҶؿŴڣڲС̹ʱɴ󹷵ģƽʱԵĺúȵĺã׳ĺܣҶڵԴͻȻѿڲһң˵ڣš
ҡԴͼҡ
Ҷشһҡţ
һҡԴӡܵĲӡ
ҶźҶʢһ𣬽ԺŹϣԺһȺѧҳѧУߡ
ҶҶʢİǰѧҳּˣүſɵ½̫̫½үӺ½ţҪڵĻô˵Ҳǳ֣ҿ϶ĵĲˡ
үЩȻһ̧ЩӶĵسǰԶˣҳǲģϽ׷ȥҶҶʢԾɲš
ҶʢͷҶأҶء
Ҷذͷүү㺰Ҹʲô
˶иĸţѹ𣿡ҶʢʣȻѾʮˣ˶ŮӣǿĻĸĸżҲĸĸôҶأ
Ҷʵʵ˵Ҹղһѹġ
أ
Ҳѹˡ
Ϊʲô
ΪҲаְ裬ҰְùҽأȹҽˣˣҰְ֣ϰ࣬׬ǮѧһүүүүҵġҶ룬ΪԼȱʲô
۵ԣ飬Ҷʢ̵̹ģЦЦʣǱ˶С飬һˣѹ𣿡
ѹˡ
ոѹˣ
ţҸղŸˣڲˣҶͷŸ˵ˣǳ֮ҪһΪҶ֮ţʱܹˣҪúѧϰˡ
ԣ˾ͺˣˣˣԼҶʢ֮䶼ΪҶظеοؿҶء
Ҷصصͷ̧ͷʱұߵľɽεգװ׵ƲʣһƬƬ·Ƽһ㣬Ҷָžɽ˵үү㿴ǵСũǳƲʼġ
ҶʢתͷȥЦ˵ǰƲʼġ
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УƼСũ
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ҶŤͷϵʧתһ˸У˵үүܴܲӦһ鰡
˵үүӦ
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ҶʢĬһ˲Щʣ֪ϲȻѭ֪޷赲ǴӦˣãҶؿ㳤үүϡ
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㣬Сıˤˡ
֪ڣߡ
Ҷؿĵسǰܡ
ڲϹСǰ׷
Ҷʢ΢Цں濴ţӿ첽ӣҶؿСũǸڸ߸ߵƼһ㣬ظҶҶʢ
ҶһѧУʱִŴܻҶʢ֣Ҷʢţ˵үүѧУöѧ
ţҶѧˡ
öѧҲ£ҺúѧϰҲġ
û
ұˣҾͿԼͷŸˡ
ԡ
үү
š
͵ѧУ𣿡
ߣүүѧ
үүҲҷѧ𣿡
үүڼҵѧ
Ժһѧͻؼүү
á
лҪ˵ˣ
ڲۡ񵥵Ӱ죬дԼдĹ£ܻһЩ椾òԲ˳µĽ֣żҾãעСãԺ󣬿ҶһŬдݣԲڷ⡣
ܴҲãҲãҶдԼдġ
췬
׷Ĵ椣Խרղһ£߼ġɽŮģм


70 һ
ǵһСѧ¶𣿡峿, 緹Ҷʢ, £Ҷ, Ҷرʰ, Ц˵ǵ, үүȥ
ǰ, ʱСѶа, û, үүѹҶʢɳơ
ҶЦ˵үүˡ
𡣡ҶʢǺЦˣ̾ϢһһΣȥʮ, 㶼ϸˣҪǰƬ, үүСʱӡ
ҶظϽʣСʱ˧˧
˧
ĸȽ˧
Сʱɰ, ˧Ҷʢʵʵ˵ҶشСͺÿ, ɰӶ, ʱƣҶɳ, ûг, ԽԽ, Ҳ, Ҳû, ǵòŮϲ͵͵Ҷ顣
Ҷû˼һֻѧϰֲˣؿõĸСһУҲذƼСũԽԽƸһЩԱѾҪҶʢɻˡ
ҶʢΪҶԺҶߣӾҪϴ룬æֹ˵𣬱ǶһϴϴϽʰʰСһȥѧɣȻҪٵˡ
ᣬСӻûء˵Ҷؾͽϴ˵һٵġ
Сô
ˣԺͻȻһ
ҶҶʢͬʱſڿһɫ΢ڣٺÿθߴʵһɫɲСӣ
СӴһ꼶ʼҶͬѧижһ༶ڵ˸˾ȻͬǳɼûҶغá
СӣôڲҶʢȤ˵̫Ҫɽˡ
ҶүүԸģҵгˣŹģˡСߵҶʢǰһӾϣҶʢ˼䣬תͷʣҶأ߲
ߣѧȥҶز˵
СرǵҶʢ˵Ҷүү˹
ҶʢЦ˵߰߰ɡ
ҶõתͷҶʢ˵үүɽ¶ҶźˣȥǲҪػУҪ죬ҪߣĻˡ
Ҷʱ̼ŵ½̫̫ˤһ֮飬Ȼˤһ½̫̫ط˰ʱõƣ½̫̫ȷʵˤˣҶ¾ʹүүȥһΣҪүүˤֲ֢
ҶʢСӶԼĹģ˵֪֪ȥѧɡ
ţͻˣʲô¶Ҵ绰ôࡣ
֪ˣôԽԽ߶߰ɣҪٵˡҶʢ֣ߴҶظϽߣȴΪӵĹĶģʮˣΪڶעⱣ廹ǺܺõģҶ⺢ǲģʱעţ˸УԶˣһȥѧУÿ绰
Ҷػǲģ˵¶ҵ绰ʲôʱС
֪ˣȥɡ
ҶűڵԴѾʮˣûǰôˣ廹ǺܺõģҶԴʱͷҶص֡
ڣúչүүҶźСӳվߣʮǰɽֻһ๫ľɽ򷱻࣬๫һֱӵһſڡ
ҶСÿڶ๫ȥѧϳ֮СӿʣˣҶأأôûп֣
ȥˮˡ
𣿡СЩǵʡ
ָ֡ľҶصİְҶΣҶԭ룬ڳҪȥͶǰġֵܡ󲿷ֵܶаúӣֲﲻޣû˳ͻȱ˴ϣ£ٴαһꡣ
ٴγʱ򣬻ʮңԲϷʱֵزҶʢģԼ׶ӣ͵͵ǮҶβҶط֡
ҶûָҶʢǺҶʢԼҶνţҶξȶϡӹŹһ⣬˶˸ı䣬رǼҶأʹ顣
ҶزûᣬҲ֪ôҲ׶֮󣬾ҶʢſڣҶҶʢɻһɾ롣
ûз˿Ҳǰô꣬ҶǰƴӣҲҴһһҶҹ﷢գûҩˣŹظҶأҶҩҶ˺Ҷʢ˵£ҶزͬҶνš
ǲ˯ԺԺԱߵĿյҶθһ䷿ӣҶϸԼƽʱҶһѧڼչҶʢ⣬ҲҶʡ˲١
ֻ˵ȣۡ
Ҷ˵죬û¶Ҳڼҵʱ򣬶ͻġǮҲԭⲻؽҶʢ
С˵ǾУ˵Ҷû뵽ֻôá
ڹŹһ⣬ã˭Ҷûк˵ҶεڶγʱңûԵģûȵģֻǸҶεˮҶο޵Ĳӡ
˵Ҳǣ֪ܸģĪɡ
ҶͷҶε¶
Сתͷ򳵴⣬һȺ߰СӣͻȻ뵽½šˣתͷ˵Ҷأ㻹ǵ𣿡
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣Ȼ˵ǵá
СЩпʣǺûмˣ
ꡣ
٣ǵҼǵ꼶֮ǰٶǣÿǴöرǸ㣬ĳ࣬Щ飬İ
ţʮһҲҶѡ
ԣʮһҲ꼶֮Ͳˣȥ۶ˣȥѧˡСһĽ˵Сʱúһˣ󣬲ŷ֮֡
ҶЦ˵ûôš
ԣũϰ壬Ҳţġ
ҽ
֪֪͵͵
СӲ˵
Ҷתͷ⣬ֿ߰ĺӣ˵ǸΪʱϸȫһ飬Ҳ֮һЩϤ˺¶ȴ֪½Ż᲻Ҳ;ɽء
һеˡ㲥վ
Ҷ˵ˣ³
ߡ
һ³һУ԰ڵϿҶظϽ˵ֲȵˣ㡣
Сһ䡰ԲۣҶؾͳ1ȥǧһ֮ʣڰ֮ǰ˽ڡ
ںİΣҶؼææӣ̲סЦˣŵʦϲģ˽Ų˽ʦҶСӶͳ鱾
ϿΡһ
ʦáͬѧǷ׷վ
ҶҲУϿΣڿ֮󣬸ԾͷˣҶˮʾдСӴչʣҶأѧ𣿡
򡣡
Ϊʲô
ҪȥǶԷ
һȥ𣿡
УһҪһ
þͲҪˡ
ǵȻܱȵɰ𣿡ҶغСӡ
岻ỹɣ
ţʱôȥȥԷ
СӲֹһȥҶҳԹҶǻĺ죬ȻҶˣҲ˵شӦð
ϽԾдˣʦԾʲôᡣҶͷҲ̧غС˵
С̾Ϣһۣ緢ԾҪӡ
߶ˣٲдд𣿡
С
СҲʼд
ڱͬѧߴߴ˵Ű֮ʱҶСſڿϷܱʼ飬ûйעֻκһʲôӣҲûпһ̧۵Ĺ򣬿ĺɫϹĴָɫСˡ
øŵСˣҶСʱϲĶˣø첲һҶأ˵Ҷأ㿴иϻСˣСʱ֡
ҶڿѧԾһ⣬СӣͬѧʦʺʱǵͷȻͷ£üͷ΢и⡣
Ѿ̧ͷСӣ˴ٴδҶ˵ҶأҷͬѧеϤ
ҶдĿ˵㿴˭Ϥ
ǣĺϤ
ÿζô˵
Ҷػ䣬̨˰εͬѧǣǰһͬѧͬѧѧһֱѧУλҲǺһμӸ߿ԺҪ
һɧߴߴаŮľ̾
ۣ˧
һеĿŶ˧
찡ҳô󣬵һμô˧ˡ

СһδҶ˵Ǻ˧ϤҶأ㿴
ңϾͰĿдˡҶͷҲ̧˵
˵̨һͳֲʧϵĶ΢΢һ٣Ҫдʱ̨˵Һãܸһи1ҽ½ţԺָ̡
½ţ
Ҷ͵һ̧ͷһײһɫӣĿɲǣ·жڶļը
½š


71 û
½š
Ѿȥ, ½ȻߴȫȻ, ʸӳ, ҶػǴʱһϳ½š
Ÿ磡
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½ͬѧǾ̾Ŀ, ԼλǰСӸϽתͷҶ˵Ҷأ˵ܲٲܲٵǲ˵ţ, ˵ڿ˧
Ҷͬһͷ
֪ڻϲϵǡ
϶ϵá
ô֪
ȷϹ񡣡
ۡС̲סۡһҶشһֱ, ȻҶûСʱôôô˵ˣ˿û˻ʱҪ, Ц
Ц, ѧʦˡ
Сſһ, ѧʦ, ͳѧ鱾, ͬʱҶؿ𰸵ĸ, ſֵӣ·ɽˮ֮ö̲סͷһ½š
½ڴǰͷ΢΢ͷ޳ָ鱾ûʲô飬ߺÿЩһͲһƢõⲻͬѧ͡
Բۣĺúÿ
ʮûУ
а̫˧ˣүĵ˧硣
Ķˡ

ߴߴŽңѧʦòŽ̨θѴҰʱҶػڿ½ţ½תͷʱҶس½һЦΣһŸ硣
½ͻȻһɫһ⣬죬΢΢½СʱͳģҶһ̶ĵתרϿΡ
γһǷѧʱһЩͬѧϽܣȥʳô緹һЩͬѧѯ½ŵҪ½ϤѧУ֮࣬½òؾܾ
ʱҶСվ½Ÿǰ
Сӿĵغţˡ
ҶЦŻŸ磬ӭ
½ſСӣҶأ΢΢ͷ΢΢̧ͷʱһ죬ͬʱҶСһӵһӵ·͸ıݣһһ
Ц
СŻָճģ´½ţڵ˵ţ˧ڡ
½ŵͷš
ҶصһЦô
СҲʣʲôʱģ
졣
ϿΣ
š
˵һֱڹ𣿡
ǣʱүүҲһ󲡣ǹҽƵĶ̰壬ԾȥƣҸȥһʱ䣬Ȼźүүһ𵽵۶
½үүҲˣҶͷȻ
½Žͣڶκˣүүÿ춼ֶܺõġ
รǾͺáҶطˣǾͺá
½תʣҶأأ
ҶҪ˵ֻͻȻˣͳʱСҲֻĻϡְ֣֡Сʣ壿
Ҷصͷһӣϵ绰½ţʣŸ磬סĶ
½Żش𣺡סݡ
Ҷأ
Сӣ
½Ž˵ܰѷʰãҺȥס¸үү̻
ĶԷ
ʳá
ȥǶԷɣ
裿
Ҷصͷ򵥵½˵һޱޱȻΪٲ£Ҷس࣬Ǿ֮Ծ˵ٶȳɳ˼뷽涼ܳɫҲ˵õϰݵ
ϦദУ˲飬飬ҸһŮȡΪ֣ǰꡣ
ûһ½ʡ
һֱүүϣҰְ֡
ְ֣½üͷ΢
ţҰְڸаˡ
ĸаˣ
£Ҳ򲻹ҡҶЦȤ˵ѾˣҺһ˴򲻹ҵġ
½졣
Ҷ۾΢һЩ﷭ٴο˵ȥǶԷ𣿡
½ĬƬ̣˵´ΰɡ
ǡǺðɣ´Ρ
š½ŵͷ
һȥɡ
á
У԰ڷֿ
½ųʳߡ
ҶСһѧУ⣬Сӱ߱߻ͷ½ŵıӰСҶ˵Ҷأûзűˣ
𣿡
û𣿡
𣿡
û𣿡
ˣ
оûо𣿡
ˣ
ǡ
˧ˣ
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ʲô
ĸˡ
𣿻
ȻҶزͬСӵ˵СӾˣѵ˵Ĵ˵˽½ţ˵½ܺҶ񣬸ȴܣ
СӻڷֹʱҶѾһɫĳӣ߳һɫװˣٶºͣȥֲʧϣޱɷݡ
һҶأݾЦˣСأСӡ
塣ҶСһ𺰡
¿Σ
š
߰ɣոոҵ绰˵緹ˣڼҵءЦ˵
ҶСӸϽڣʮӣݼңиǱСŮסҶصȣҶرСŮҶص֣ϲҶأС첲§ҶصĲӾͲˡ
Էʱ򣬶§Ҷأޱ˵֣øԷ
ҪҪ籧
ø籧ӵġؿŮ֣ҲĲ񻰣㲻˵Ӻø𣿡
ְСԴҡ˹һϽҶԼĵϣ˵ְ֣Һ͸һ극Ȼø籧
СЦˡ
³ԷԵİˣޱͣظҶСӼвˣѯ˵ѧϰǶ֪ҶѧϰãСѧһ꼶ʼһֱȫУһпҲȫеһ֪ڶǺҲϲҶصԭ֮һ
ЩҶۿɼٶȳɳҲۿɼٶ㣬ǰǰݼڵϲҶأΪҶҶأҶء
ҶҲݱԾ壬԰·ӵĹϵĻҪá
Թ֮Ҷޱ˵˵ֽϴˢߴߴ
ְ֣Ե⡣

ְ֣ܸһƬƻһƬƻԣҾллӴ

ְ֣ˮ

ְ֣ˮϡ

ޱҶ˵̫Сʱˣ˵ͣġ
Ҷһġ
ϣҲһ
Ҵ𣿡
ǳ
ҶЦˡ
ޱȻʲôϽңٳʱոµ·˵·ָģ㴩϶ÿ
ôָ·Ҷкüˡ
üʲôڳˣҪĸÿһСޱ·ҶҶȥ·
Ҷسʱޱǰһ˵·ѾϴˣһʹȥѧУ·ҸϴԷʱá
粻ˡ
ΪʲôޱɫһһֱÿǷҶأضҶغã¼ͥҶûһһҲرҶء
ҶЦ˵ϸˣѧϰˣҾͲˡ
ͷ
ˣҳʳÿˣúչԼ֣ϵңѧУĿɺˣʱѧϰ߿뿼óɼ
ҲܲúóԷ
ʳÿԡ
ʳҲûӪ
ҹһΣаɣ
ðɡޱΪѵشӦתҪȡǮֽҶǰһס˵裬Ǯ㲻֪ҲũСϰ𣿡
ޱǮҶ¶Ǯģģһ׬Ǯˣֻ˭
ҶؼֲҪ
ޱָ
ҶزѽޱһǮޱʣүүô
һֱ徫񶼺á
Ǿͺãҿүүܻһٶꡣ
ҶԿĵصͷ
ޱһۣСһ룬˵أʵ𣿡
ʵ
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УֻҪүүС
ҡ
ޱЦˣ۵׾ᣬ̧ظҶӢ˵ˣãܹԼˡ
š
ϣ㻹Сʱﻰܹ˵һ˵費ܰ㣬Ҳ˵һ˵
áҶصͷ˵ˣŸˡ
Ÿ磿ޱӦһʣţ½ţ
ţǰˡ
ģʲôʱģ𣿡ޱһʡ
ģˣ˧ˣûñ䡣
ͷܺΪ𣿡
ҾܡҶƶ˵
ǾͺáޱЦ˵ǺȻ࣬ʱĿڲһģʵǰǶʵʵĺá
ţһҾȥһ˴ӵ۶ʶ˶ûС

ţȻȥˡ
𰡣ڿͱɣϾͿˣһȥָѳԣûһȻֿˣ޵ġ
á
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ֱЦĽƣˣʵʵſҶػûһ˯ˣҶذַŵλõĹʱޱѾСӴͱɡ
ҶСӽӹ֮ûͣ˵¥˹һУҺûп½ţҶشıһ飬Ȼֿ½һУһֽֽдţŸ磬ԵģģóԵġҶ\(^o^)/
\(^o^)/½һЦˣתͷҶأҶŤͷ½һЦ½죬ƫһԡ
Ҷأ
Ҷֻ壬ʼ飬ʱһͷݸһ۵ֽֽӹһдţΪ㳤ˣû뵽ɣˣ粻ƽˣһԸɡ½š
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